Conscientious Objection In Health Care

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Conscientious Objection in Health Care

Mark R. Wicclair
Conscientious Objection in Health Care Book PDF

Author : Mark R. Wicclair
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-05-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139500197

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Conscientious Objection in Health Care by Mark R. Wicclair Pdf

Historically associated with military service, conscientious objection has become a significant phenomenon in health care. Mark Wicclair offers a comprehensive ethical analysis of conscientious objection in three representative health care professions: medicine, nursing and pharmacy. He critically examines two extreme positions: the 'incompatibility thesis', that it is contrary to the professional obligations of practitioners to refuse provision of any service within the scope of their professional competence; and 'conscience absolutism', that they should be exempted from performing any action contrary to their conscience. He argues for a compromise approach that accommodates conscience-based refusals within the limits of specified ethical constraints. He also explores conscientious objection by students in each of the three professions, discusses conscience protection legislation and conscience-based refusals by pharmacies and hospitals, and analyzes several cases. His book is a valuable resource for scholars, professionals, trainees, students, and anyone interested in this increasingly important aspect of health care.

A New Theory of Conscientious Objection in Medicine

Robert F. Card
A New Theory of Conscientious Objection in Medicine Book PDF

Author : Robert F. Card
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000066951

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A New Theory of Conscientious Objection in Medicine by Robert F. Card Pdf

This book argues that a conscientiously objecting medical professional should receive an exemption only if the grounds of an objector’s refusal are reasonable. It defends a detailed, contextual account of public reasonability suited for healthcare, which builds from the overarching concept of Rawlsian public reason. The author analyzes the main competing positions and maintains that these other views fail precisely due to their systematic inattention to the grounding reasons behind a conscientious objection; he argues that any such view is plausible to the extent that it mimics the ‘reason-giving requirement’ for conscience objections defended in this work. Only reasonable objections can defeat the prior professional obligation to assign primacy to patient well-being, therefore one who refuses a patient’s request for a legally available, medically indicated, and safe service must be able to explain the grounds of their objection in terms understandable to other citizens within the public institutional structure of medicine. The book further offers a novel policy proposal to deploy the Reasonability View: establishing conscientious objector status in medicine. It concludes that the Reasonability View is a viable and attractive position in this debate. A New Theory of Conscientious Objection in Medicine: Justification and Reasonability will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in bioethics, medical ethics, and philosophy of medicine, as well as thinkers interested in the intersections between law, medical humanities, and philosophy.

Conscience in Reproductive Health Care

Carolyn McLeod
Conscience in Reproductive Health Care Book PDF

Author : Carolyn McLeod
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198732723

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Conscience in Reproductive Health Care by Carolyn McLeod Pdf

In Conscience in Reproductive Health Care, Carolyn McLeod responds to a growing worldwide trend of health care professionals conscientiously refusing to provide abortions and similar reproductive health services in countries where these services are legal and professionally accepted. She argues that conscientious objectors in health care should have to prioritize the interests of patients in receiving care over their own interest in acting on their conscience. McLeod defends this 'prioritizing approach' to conscientious objection over the more popular 'compromise approach' in bioethics-without downplaying the importance of health care professionals having a conscience or the moral complexity of their conscientious refusals. She begins with a description of what is at stake for the main parties to the conflicts generated by conscientious refusals in reproductive health care: the objector and the patient. Her central argument for the prioritizing approach is that health care professionals who are charged with gatekeeping access to services such as abortions are fiduciaries for their patients and for the public they are licensed to serve. As such, they have a duty of loyalty to these beneficiaries and must give primacy to their interests in gaining access to care. McLeod provides insights into ethical issues extending beyond the question of conscientious refusal, including the value of conscience and the fundamental moral nature of the relationships health care professionals have with current and prospective patients.

Opting Out: Conscience and Cooperation in a Pluralistic Society

David S. Oderberg
Opting Out Conscience and Cooperation in a Pluralistic Society Book PDF

Author : David S. Oderberg
Publisher : London Publishing Partnership
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780255367622

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Opting Out: Conscience and Cooperation in a Pluralistic Society by David S. Oderberg Pdf

Should people with deeply held objections to certain practices be allowed to opt out of involvement with them? Should a Christian baker who objects to homosexuality be allowed to deny service to a customer seeking a cake for a gay wedding? Should a Catholic nurse be able to refuse to contribute to the provision of abortions without losing her job? The law increasingly answers no to such questions. But David Oderberg argues that this is a mistake. He contends that in such cases, opting out should be understood as part of a right of dissociation – and that this right needs better legal protection than it now enjoys.

Conscientious Objection in Medicine

Mark Wicclair
Conscientious Objection in Medicine Book PDF

Author : Mark Wicclair
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2024-04-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781009084222

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Conscientious Objection in Medicine by Mark Wicclair Pdf

The Element examines ethical and conceptual issues about conscientious objection in medicine. Concepts analyzed include conscientious objection, conscientious provision, conscience, moral complicity, and moral integrity. Several ongoing ethical controversies are identified and critically analyzed. One is a disagreement about whether conscientious objection is compatible with physicians' professional obligations. The Element argues that incompatibilists fail to offer a justifiable specification of professional obligations that supports their position. The Element also argues that a challenge for compatibilists who support a reason-giving requirement is to specify justifiable and unambiguous criteria for reviewing objectors' reasons. Arguments for and against requirements to inform and refer patients are critically analyzed, and an alternative, context-dependent requirement is offered. Another subject of controversy is about the justifiability of asymmetry between responses to conscientious objectors and conscientious providers. Typically, only the former receive accommodation. The Element critically examines arguments for asymmetry and maintains that none provides a convincing justification.

Conflicts of Conscience in Health Care

Holly Fernandez Lynch
Conflicts of Conscience in Health Care Book PDF

Author : Holly Fernandez Lynch
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2010-08-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262263634

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Conflicts of Conscience in Health Care by Holly Fernandez Lynch Pdf

A balanced proposal that protects both a patient's access to care and a physician's ability to refuse to provide certain services for reasons of conscience. Physicians in the United States who refuse to perform a variety of legally permissible medical services because of their own moral objections are often protected by “conscience clauses.” These laws, on the books in nearly every state since the legalization of abortion by Roe v. Wade, shield physicians and other health professionals from such potential consequences of refusal as liability and dismissal. While some praise conscience clauses as protecting important freedoms, opponents, concerned with patient access to care, argue that professional refusals should be tolerated only when they are based on valid medical grounds. In Conflicts of Conscience in Health Care, Holly Fernandez Lynch finds a way around the polarizing rhetoric associated with this issue by proposing a compromise that protects both a patient's access to care and a physician's ability to refuse. This focus on compromise is crucial, as new uses of medical technology expand the controversy beyond abortion and contraception to reach an increasing number of doctors and patients. Lynch argues that doctor-patient matching on the basis of personal moral values would eliminate, or at least minimize, many conflicts of conscience, and suggests that state licensing boards facilitate this goal. Licensing boards would be responsible for balancing the interests of doctors and patients by ensuring a sufficient number of willing physicians such that no physician's refusal leaves a patient entirely without access to desired medical services. This proposed solution, Lynch argues, accommodates patients' freedoms while leaving important room in the profession for individuals who find some of the capabilities of medical technology to be ethically objectionable.

The Ethics of Vaccination

Alberto Giubilini
The Ethics of Vaccination Book PDF

Author : Alberto Giubilini
Publisher : Springer
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030020682

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The Ethics of Vaccination by Alberto Giubilini Pdf

This open access book discusses individual, collective, and institutional responsibilities with regard to vaccination from the perspective of philosophy and public health ethics. It addresses the issue of what it means for a collective to be morally responsible for the realisation of herd immunity and what the implications of collective responsibility are for individual and institutional responsibilities. The first chapter introduces some key concepts in the vaccination debate, such as ‘herd immunity’, ‘public goods’, and ‘vaccine refusal’; and explains why failure to vaccinate raises certain ethical issues. The second chapter analyses, from a philosophical perspective, the relationship between individual, collective, and institutional responsibilities with regard to the realisation of herd immunity. The third chapter is about the principle of least restrictive alternative in public health ethics and its implications for vaccination policies. Finally, the fourth chapter presents an ethical argument for unqualified compulsory vaccination, i.e. for compulsory vaccination that does not allow for any conscientious objection. The book will appeal to philosophers interested in public health ethics and the general public interested in the philosophical underpinning of different arguments about our moral obligations with regard to vaccination.

Why Conscience Matters

Xavier Symons
Why Conscience Matters Book PDF

Author : Xavier Symons
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000617948

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Why Conscience Matters by Xavier Symons Pdf

The book provides a detailed introduction to a major debate in bioethics, as well as a rigorous account of the role of conscience in professional decision-making. Exploring the role of conscience in healthcare practice, this book offers fresh counterpoints to recent calls to ban or severely restrict conscience objection. It provides a detailed philosophical account of the nature and moral import of conscience, and defends a prima facie right to conscientious objection for healthcare professionals. The book also has relevance to broader debates about religious liberty and civil rights, such as debates about the rights and duties of persons and institutions who refuse services to clients on the basis of a religious objection. The book concludes with a discussion of how to regulate individual and institutional conscientious objection, and presents general principles for the accommodation of individual conscientious objectors in the healthcare system. This book will be of value to students and scholars in the fields of moral philosophy, bioethics and health law.

Philosophical Reflections on Medical Ethics

N. Athanassoulis
Philosophical Reflections on Medical Ethics Book PDF

Author : N. Athanassoulis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2005-09-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780230273931

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Philosophical Reflections on Medical Ethics by N. Athanassoulis Pdf

This book provides a collection of original essays on cutting-edge topics in medical ethics research. Leading philosophers give in-depth accounts of issues as diverse as embryo pre-selection, the role of autonomy in organ transplant markets, conscientious objection in the health care professions and neonatal euthanasia. Provocative and original, the contributions to this volume will be of interest to academic, students and health care professionals alike.

The Conscience Wars

Susanna Mancini,Michel Rosenfeld
The Conscience Wars Book PDF

Author : Susanna Mancini,Michel Rosenfeld
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107173309

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The Conscience Wars by Susanna Mancini,Michel Rosenfeld Pdf

Explores the multifaceted debate on the interconnection between conscientious objections, religious liberty, and the equality of women and sexual minorities.

Conscientious Objection in Health Care

Professor of Philosophy Director of the Center for Health Ethics and Law Mark R Wicclair
Conscientious Objection in Health Care Book PDF

Author : Professor of Philosophy Director of the Center for Health Ethics and Law Mark R Wicclair
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : MEDICAL
ISBN : 1139101285

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Conscientious Objection in Health Care by Professor of Philosophy Director of the Center for Health Ethics and Law Mark R Wicclair Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive ethical analysis of conscientious objection in three representative health care professions: medicine, nursing and pharmacy.

The New Conscientious Objection

Charles C. Moskos,John Whiteclay Chambers
The New Conscientious Objection Book PDF

Author : Charles C. Moskos,John Whiteclay Chambers
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Conscientious objection
ISBN : 9780195079555

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The New Conscientious Objection by Charles C. Moskos,John Whiteclay Chambers Pdf

This study examines the changing motives and patterns of conscientious objection as well as state policies toward objectors in the Western world.

Religion, Law and the Politics of Ethical Diversity

Claude Proeschel,David Koussens,Francesco Piraino
Religion Law and the Politics of Ethical Diversity Book PDF

Author : Claude Proeschel,David Koussens,Francesco Piraino
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000372526

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Religion, Law and the Politics of Ethical Diversity by Claude Proeschel,David Koussens,Francesco Piraino Pdf

This book provides a multidisciplinary and comparative look at the contemporary phenomenon of conscientious objection or contestation in the name of religion and examines the key issues that emerge in terms of citizenship and democracy. These are analysed by looking at the different ways of challenging or contesting a legal obligation on the grounds of religious beliefs and convictions. The authors focus on the meaning of conscientious objection which asserts the legitimacy of convictions – in particular religious convictions – in determining the personal or collective relevance of the law and of public action. The book begins by examining the main theoretical issues underlying conscientious objection, exploring the implications of the protection of freedom of conscience, the place of religion in the secular public sphere and the recognition and respect of ethical pluralism in society. It then focuses on the question of exemptions and contestations of civil norms, using a multidisciplinary approach to highlight the multiple and diverse issues surrounding them, as well as the motives behind them. This book will be of great interest to scholars, specialists and graduate and advanced undergraduate students who are interested in issues of religious diversity. Researchers and policymakers in think-tanks, NGOs and government units will find the volume useful in identifying key issues in understanding the phenomenon of conscientious objection and its implications in managing ethical diversity in contemporary societies.

Moral Resilience

Cynda Hylton Rushton
Moral Resilience Book PDF

Author : Cynda Hylton Rushton
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190619299

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Moral Resilience by Cynda Hylton Rushton Pdf

Suffering is an unavoidable reality in health care. Not only are patients and families suffering but also the clinicians who care for them. Commonly the suffering experienced by clinicians is moral in nature, in part a reflection of the increasing complexity of health care, their roles within it, and the expanding range of available interventions. Moral suffering is the anguish that occurs when the burdens of treatment appear to outweigh the benefits; scarce human and material resources must be allocated; informed consent is incomplete or inadequate; or there are disagreements about goals of treatment among patients, families or clinicians. Each is a source of moral adversity that challenges clinicians' integrity: the inner harmony that arises when their essential values and commitments are aligned with their choices and actions. If moral suffering is unrelieved it can lead to disengagement, burnout, and undermine the quality of clinical care. The most studied response to moral adversity is moral distress. The sources and sequelae of moral distress, one type of moral suffering, have been documented among clinicians across specialties. It is vital to shift the focus to solutions and to expanded individual and system strategies that mitigate the detrimental effects of moral suffering. Moral resilience, the capacity of an individual to restore or sustain integrity in response to moral adversity, offers a path forward. It encompasses capacities aimed at developing self-regulation and self-awareness, buoyancy, moral efficacy, self-stewardship and ultimately personal and relational integrity. Clinicians and healthcare organizations must work together to transform moral suffering by cultivating the individual capacities for moral resilience and designing a new architecture to support ethical practice. Used worldwide for scalable and sustainable change, the Conscious Full Spectrum approach, offers a method to solve problems to support integrity, shift patterns that undermine moral resilience and ethical practice, and source the inner potential of clinicians and leaders to produce meaningful and sustainable results that benefit all.

Ethics, Conflict and Medical Treatment for Children E-Book

Dominic Wilkinson,Julian Savulescu
Ethics Conflict and Medical Treatment for Children E Book Book PDF

Author : Dominic Wilkinson,Julian Savulescu
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780702077821

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Ethics, Conflict and Medical Treatment for Children E-Book by Dominic Wilkinson,Julian Savulescu Pdf

What should happen when doctors and parents disagree about what would be best for a child? When should courts become involved? Should life support be stopped against parents’ wishes? The case of Charlie Gard, reached global attention in 2017. It led to widespread debate about the ethics of disagreements between doctors and parents, about the place of the law in such disputes, and about the variation in approach between different parts of the world. In this book, medical ethicists Dominic Wilkinson and Julian Savulescu critically examine the ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. They use the Gard case as a springboard to a wider discussion about the rights of parents, the harms of treatment, and the vital issue of limited resources. They discuss other prominent UK and international cases of disagreement and conflict. From opposite sides of the debate Wilkinson and Savulescu provocatively outline the strongest arguments in favour of and against treatment. They analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features of treatment disputes in the 21st century and argue that disagreement about controversial ethical questions is both inevitable and desirable. They outline a series of lessons from the Gard case and propose a radical new ‘dissensus’ framework for future cases of disagreement. This new book critically examines the core ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. The contents review prominent cases of disagreement from the UK and internationally and analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features around treatment disputes in the 21st century. The book proposes a radical new framework for future cases of disagreement around the care of gravely ill people.