Constitutional Judiciary In A New Democracy

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Judicial Review in New Democracies

Tom Ginsburg
Judicial Review in New Democracies Book PDF

Author : Tom Ginsburg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2003-07-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521520398

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Judicial Review in New Democracies by Tom Ginsburg Pdf

New democracies around the world have adopted constitutional courts to oversee the operation of democratic politics. Where does judicial power come from, how does it develop in the early stages of democratic liberalization, and what political conditions support its expansion? This book answers these questions through an examination of three constitutional courts in Asia: Taiwan, Korea, and Mongolia. In a region that has traditionally viewed law as a tool of authoritarian rulers, constitutional courts in these three societies are becoming a real constraint on government. In contrast with conventional culturalist accounts, this book argues that the design and functioning of constitutional review are largely a function of politics and interests. Judicial review - the power of judges to rule an act of a legislature or national leader unconstitutional - is a solution to the problem of uncertainty in constitutional design. By providing insurance to prospective electoral losers, judicial review can facilitate democracy.

Constitutional Judiciary in a New Democracy

László Sólyom,Georg Brunner
Constitutional Judiciary in a New Democracy Book PDF

Author : László Sólyom,Georg Brunner
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Law
ISBN : 0472109650

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Constitutional Judiciary in a New Democracy by László Sólyom,Georg Brunner Pdf

Describes the decisions of the most innovative of the new constitutional courts in post Soviet Central Europe

Democratization and the Judiciary

Siri Gloppen,Roberto Gargarella,Elin Skaar
Democratization and the Judiciary Book PDF

Author : Siri Gloppen,Roberto Gargarella,Elin Skaar
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Law
ISBN : 0714655686

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Democratization and the Judiciary by Siri Gloppen,Roberto Gargarella,Elin Skaar Pdf

Introduction : the accountability function of courts in new democracies / Siri Gloppen, Roberto Gargarella, and Elin Skaar Judicial review in developed democracies / Martin Shapiro How some reflections on the United States' experience may inform African efforts to build court systems and the rule of law / Jennifer Widner The constitutional court and control of presidential extraordinary powers in Colombia / Rodrigo Uprimny The politics of judicial review in Chile in the era of domestic transition, 1990-2002 / Javier A. Couso Legitimating transformation : political resource allocation in the South African constitutional court / Theunis Roux The accountability function of courts in Tanzania and Zambia / Siri Gloppen Renegotiating "law and order" : judicial reform and citizen responses in post-war Guatemala / Rachel Sieder Economic reform and judicial governance in Brazil : balancing independence with accountability / Carlos Santiso In search of a democratic justice what courts should not do : Argentina, 1983-2002 / Roberto Gargarella Lessons learned and the way forward / Irwin P. Stotzky.

Judicial Politics in Mexico

Andrea Castagnola,Saul Lopez Noriega
Judicial Politics in Mexico Book PDF

Author : Andrea Castagnola,Saul Lopez Noriega
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781315520599

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Judicial Politics in Mexico by Andrea Castagnola,Saul Lopez Noriega Pdf

After more than seventy years of uninterrupted authoritarian government headed by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), Mexico formally began the transition to democracy in 2000. Unlike most other new democracies in Latin America, no special Constitutional Court was set up, nor was there any designated bench of the Supreme Court for constitutional adjudication. Instead, the judiciary saw its powers expand incrementally. Under this new context inevitable questions emerged: How have the justices interpreted the constitution? What is the relation of the court with the other political institutions? How much autonomy do justices display in their decisions? Has the court considered the necessary adjustments to face the challenges of democracy? It has become essential in studying the new role of the Supreme Court to obtain a more accurate and detailed diagnosis of the performances of its justices in this new political environment. Through critical review of relevant debates and using original data sets to empirically analyze the way justices voted on the three main means of constitutional control from 2000 through 2011, leading legal scholars provide a thoughtful and much needed new interpretation of the role the judiciary plays in a country’s transition to democracy This book is designed for graduate courses in law and courts, judicial politics, comparative judicial politics, Latin American institutions, and transitions to democracy. This book will equip scholars and students with the knowledge required to understand the importance of the independence of the judiciary in the transition to democracy.

Democracy and Distrust

John Hart Ely
Democracy and Distrust Book PDF

Author : John Hart Ely
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1981-08-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780674263291

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Democracy and Distrust by John Hart Ely Pdf

This powerfully argued appraisal of judicial review may change the face of American law. Written for layman and scholar alike, the book addresses one of the most important issues facing Americans today: within what guidelines shall the Supreme Court apply the strictures of the Constitution to the complexities of modern life? Until now legal experts have proposed two basic approaches to the Constitution. The first, “interpretivism,” maintains that we should stick as closely as possible to what is explicit in the document itself. The second, predominant in recent academic theorizing, argues that the courts should be guided by what they see as the fundamental values of American society. John Hart Ely demonstrates that both of these approaches are inherently incomplete and inadequate. Democracy and Distrust sets forth a new and persuasive basis for determining the role of the Supreme Court today. Ely’s proposal is centered on the view that the Court should devote itself to assuring majority governance while protecting minority rights. “The Constitution,” he writes, “has proceeded from the sensible assumption that an effective majority will not unreasonably threaten its own rights, and has sought to assure that such a majority not systematically treat others less well than it treats itself. It has done so by structuring decision processes at all levels in an attempt to ensure, first, that everyone’s interests will be represented when decisions are made, and second, that the application of those decisions will not be manipulated so as to reintroduce in practice the sort of discrimination that is impermissible in theory.” Thus, Ely’s emphasis is on the procedural side of due process, on the preservation of governmental structure rather than on the recognition of elusive social values. At the same time, his approach is free of interpretivism’s rigidity because it is fully responsive to the changing wishes of a popular majority. Consequently, his book will have a profound impact on legal opinion at all levels—from experts in constitutional law, to lawyers with general practices, to concerned citizens watching the bewildering changes in American law.

Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory

Scott E. Lemieux,David J. Watkins
Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory Book PDF

Author : Scott E. Lemieux,David J. Watkins
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351602129

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Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory by Scott E. Lemieux,David J. Watkins Pdf

For decades, the question of judicial review’s status in a democratic political system has been adjudicated through the framework of what Alexander Bickel labeled "the counter-majoritarian difficulty." That is, the idea that judicial review is particularly problematic for democracy because it opposes the will of the majority. Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory begins with an assessment of the empirical and theoretical flaws of this framework, and an account of the ways in which this framework has hindered meaningful investigation into judicial review’s value within a democratic political system. To replace the counter-majoritarian difficulty framework, Scott E. Lemieux and David J. Watkins draw on recent work in democratic theory emphasizing democracy’s opposition to domination and analyses of constitutional court cases in the United States, Canada, and elsewhere to examine judicial review in its institutional and political context. Developing democratic criteria for veto points in a democratic system and comparing them to each other against these criteria, Lemieux and Watkins yield fresh insights into judicial review’s democratic value. This book is essential reading for students of law and courts, judicial politics, legal theory and constitutional law.

Judges and Democratization

B. C. Smith
Judges and Democratization Book PDF

Author : B. C. Smith
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134827916

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Judges and Democratization by B. C. Smith Pdf

Judiciaries must be politically impartial and immune from political interference if democracy is to be consolidated in countries in transition from authoritarian rule. Without an independent judiciary there can be no rule of law, and without the rule of law there can be no democracy. Judges and Democratization is based on the premise that democracy cannot be consolidated without the rule of law of which judicial independence is an indispensable part. It pays particular attention to the restraints placed upon judicial independence, and the reforms which are being applied, or remain to be adopted, in order to guard against the different kinds of interference which prevent judicial decisions being taken in a wholly impartial way. It examines the paradox of judicial activism arising from the independence endowed upon the judiciary by post-authoritarian constitutions. The book asks how, in the context of this endowed authority, such accountability can be made compatible with the preservation of judicial independence when the concept of an accountable, independent judiciary appears to be a contradiction in terms. This text will be of key interest to teachers and students of politics, comparative government/politics, combined politics and law, democracy and governance, human rights and democratization, and democratic development.

The Supreme Court and Constitutional Democracy

John Agresto
The Supreme Court and Constitutional Democracy Book PDF

Author : John Agresto
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781501712913

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The Supreme Court and Constitutional Democracy by John Agresto Pdf

In The Supreme Court and Constitutional Democracy John Agresto traces the development of American judicial power, paying close attention to what he views as the very real threat of judicial supremacy. Agresto examines the role of the judiciary in a democratic society and discusses the proper place of congressional power in constitutional issues. Agresto argues that while the separation of congressional and judicial functions is a fundamental tenet of American government, the present system is not effective in maintaining an appropriate balance of power. He shows that continued judicial expansion, especially into the realm of public policy, might have severe consequences for America's national life and direction, and offers practical recommendations for safeguarding against an increasingly powerful Supreme Court. John Agresto's controversial argument, set in the context of a historical and theoretical inquiry, will be of great interest to scholars and students in political science and law, especially American constitutional law and political theory.

Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy

Paul Howe,Peter H. Russell
Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy Book PDF

Author : Paul Howe,Peter H. Russell
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2001-03-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780773568891

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Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy by Paul Howe,Peter H. Russell Pdf

The controversy raises challenging questions about the role of a powerful judiciary in a democracy. In Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy, a series of essays commissioned by the Institute for Research on Public Policy, some of Canada's foremost commentators - academics, politicians, and Supreme Court judges themselves - take up the debate. Some tangle over the pivotal question: should judges have the decisive say on issues involving entrenched rights that have profound implication for the policy preferences of elected bodies? Others examine related issues, including Supreme Court appointment procedures, interest group litigation, the historical roots of the notwithstanding clause, and the state of public opinion on Canada's courts. Those interested in the power of the judicial branch will find much in this collection to stimulate fresh thinking on issues that are likely to remain on the public agenda for years to come. Contributors include Joseph F. Fletcher (Toronto), Janet Hiebert (Queen's), Gregory Hein (Toronto), Peter W. Hogg (York), Paul Howe, Rainer Knopff (Calgary), Sébastien Lebel-Grenier (Sherbrooke), Howard Leeson (Regina), Kate Malleson (London School of Economics), E. Preston Manning (Reform Party of Canada), Hon. Beverley McLachlin (Supreme Court of Canada), F.L. Morton (Calgary), Pierre Patenaude (Sherbrooke), Peter Russell, Allison A. Thornton (Blake, Cassels and Graydon), Frederick Vaughan (emeritus, Guelph), Lorraine Eisenstat Weinrib (Toronto), Hon. Bertha Wilson (emeritus, Supreme Court of Canada), and Jacob Ziegel (Toronto).

Courts and Social Transformation in New Democracies

Roberto Gargarella,Theunis Roux
Courts and Social Transformation in New Democracies Book PDF

Author : Roberto Gargarella,Theunis Roux
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351947954

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Courts and Social Transformation in New Democracies by Roberto Gargarella,Theunis Roux Pdf

Using case studies drawn from Latin America, Africa, India and Eastern Europe, this volume examines the role of courts as a channel for social transformation for excluded sectors of society in contemporary democracies. With a focus on social rights litigation in post-authoritarian regimes or in the context of fragile state control, the authors assess the role of judicial processes in altering (or perpetuating) social and economic inequalities and power relations in society. Drawing on interdisciplinary expertise in the fields of law, political theory, and political science, the chapters address theoretical debates and present empirical case studies to examine recent trends in social rights litigation.

Courts, Politics and Constitutional Law

Martin Belov
Courts Politics and Constitutional Law Book PDF

Author : Martin Belov
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781000707977

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Courts, Politics and Constitutional Law by Martin Belov Pdf

This book examines how the judicialization of politics, and the politicization of courts, affect representative democracy, rule of law, and separation of powers. This volume critically assesses the phenomena of judicialization of politics and politicization of the judiciary. It explores the rising impact of courts on key constitutional principles, such as democracy and separation of powers, which is paralleled by increasing criticism of this influence from both liberal and illiberal perspectives. The book also addresses the challenges to rule of law as a principle, preconditioned on independent and powerful courts, which are triggered by both democratic backsliding and the mushrooming of populist constitutionalism and illiberal constitutional regimes. Presenting a wide range of case studies, the book will be a valuable resource for students and academics in constitutional law and political science seeking to understand the increasingly complex relationships between the judiciary, executive and legislature.

The Judiciary and American Democracy

Kenneth D. Ward,Cecilia R. Castillo
The Judiciary and American Democracy Book PDF

Author : Kenneth D. Ward,Cecilia R. Castillo
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2006-06-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 079146556X

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The Judiciary and American Democracy by Kenneth D. Ward,Cecilia R. Castillo Pdf

Examines recent debates in constitutional theory in light of the work of Alexander Bickel.

Judicial Power

Christine Landfried
Judicial Power Book PDF

Author : Christine Landfried
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-07
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108425667

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Judicial Power by Christine Landfried Pdf

Explores the relationship between the legitimacy, the efficacy, and the decision-making of national and transnational constitutional courts.

Judges in Contemporary Democracy

Justice Stephen Breyer,Robert Badinter
Judges in Contemporary Democracy Book PDF

Author : Justice Stephen Breyer,Robert Badinter
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2004-06-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780814789711

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Judges in Contemporary Democracy by Justice Stephen Breyer,Robert Badinter Pdf

Law, politics, and society in the modern West have been marked by the increasing power of the judge: the development of constitutional justice, the evolution of international judiciaries, and judicial systems that extend even further into social life. Judges make decisions that not only enforce the law, but also codify the values of our times. In the summer of 2000, an esteemed group of judges and legal scholars met in Provence, France, to consider the role of the judge in modern society. They included Robert Badinter, former president of the Constitutional Council in France; Stephen Breyer, Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; Antonio Cassese, the first president of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia; Dieter Grimm, former vice president of the Constitutional Court of Germany; Gil Carlos Rodriguez, president of the Court of Justice of the European Union; and Ronald Dworkin, formerly of Oxford University, now professor of philosophy and law at the New York University Law School. What followed was an animated discussion ranging from the influence of the media on the judiciary to the development of an international criminal law to the judge's consideration of the judge's own role. Judges in Contemporary Democracy offers a rare and intimate glimpse into the powers and the role of judges in today's society.

Democratizing Constitutional Law

Thomas Bustamante,Bernardo Gonçalves Fernandes
Democratizing Constitutional Law Book PDF

Author : Thomas Bustamante,Bernardo Gonçalves Fernandes
Publisher : Springer
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783319283715

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Democratizing Constitutional Law by Thomas Bustamante,Bernardo Gonçalves Fernandes Pdf

This volume critically discusses the relationship between democracy and constitutionalism. It does so with a view to respond to objections raised by legal and political philosophers who are sceptical of judicial review based on the assumption that judicial review is an undemocratic institution. The book builds on earlier literature on the moral justification of the authority of constitutional courts, and on the current attempts to develop a system on “weak judicial review”. Although different in their approach, the chapters all focus on devising institutions, procedures and, in a more abstract way, normative conceptions to democratize constitutional law. These democratizing strategies may vary from a radical objection to the institution of judicial review, to a more modest proposal to justify the authority of constitutional courts in their “deliberative performance” or to create constitutional juries that may be more aware of a community’s constitutional morality than constitutional courts are. The book connects abstract theoretical discussions about the moral justification of constitutionalism with concrete problems, such as the relation between constitutional adjudication and deliberative democracy, the legitimacy of judicial review in international institutions, the need to create new institutions to democratize constitutionalism, the connections between philosophical conceptions and constitutional practices, the judicial review of constitutional amendments, and the criticism on strong judicial review.