Judges And Democratization

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Judges and Democratization

B. C. Smith
Judges and Democratization Book PDF

Author : B. C. Smith
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134827848

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Judges and Democratization by B. C. Smith Pdf

Judiciaries must be politically impartial and immune from political interference if democracy is to be consolidated in countries in transition from authoritarian rule. Without an independent judiciary there can be no rule of law, and without the rule of law there can be no democracy. Judges and Democratization is based on the premise that democracy cannot be consolidated without the rule of law of which judicial independence is an indispensable part. It pays particular attention to the restraints placed upon judicial independence, and the reforms which are being applied, or remain to be adopted, in order to guard against the different kinds of interference which prevent judicial decisions being taken in a wholly impartial way. It examines the paradox of judicial activism arising from the independence endowed upon the judiciary by post-authoritarian constitutions. The book asks how, in the context of this endowed authority, such accountability can be made compatible with the preservation of judicial independence when the concept of an accountable, independent judiciary appears to be a contradiction in terms. This text will be of key interest to teachers and students of politics, comparative government/politics, combined politics and law, democracy and governance, human rights and democratization, and democratic development.

Judges and Democratization

B. C. Smith
Judges and Democratization Book PDF

Author : B. C. Smith
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1138682934

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Judges and Democratization by B. C. Smith Pdf

Judiciaries must be politically impartial and immune from political interference if democracy is to be consolidated in countries in transition from authoritarian rule. Without an independent judiciary there can be no rule of law, and without the rule of law there can be no democracy. Judges and Democratization is based on the premise that democracy cannot be consolidated without the rule of law of which judicial independence is an indispensable part. It pays particular attention to the restraints placed upon judicial independence, and the reforms which are being applied, or remain to be adopted, in order to guard against the different kinds of interference which prevent judicial decisions being taken in a wholly impartial way. It examines the paradox of judicial activism arising from the independence endowed upon the judiciary by post-authoritarian constitutions. The book asks how, in the context of this endowed authority, such accountability can be made compatible with the preservation of judicial independence when the concept of an accountable, independent judiciary appears to be a contradiction in terms. This text will be of key interest to teachers and students of politics, comparative government/politics, combined politics and law, democracy and governance, human rights and democratization, and democratic development.

Judges and Democratization

B. C. Smith
Judges and Democratization Book PDF

Author : B. C. Smith
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1503100464

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Judges and Democratization by B. C. Smith Pdf

Judiciaries must be politically impartial and immune from political interference if democracy is to be consolidated in countries in transition from authoritarian rule. Without an independent judiciary there can be no rule of law, and without the rule of law there can be no democracy. Judges and Democratization is based on the premise that democracy cannot be consolidated without the rule of law of which judicial independence is an indispensable part. It pays particular attention to the restraints placed upon judicial independence, and the reforms which are being applied, or remain to be adopted, in order to guard against the different kinds of interference which prevent judicial decisions being taken in a wholly impartial way. It examines the paradox of judicial activism arising from the independence endowed upon the judiciary by post-authoritarian constitutions. Judicial activism raises concerns that the legitimate authority of elected legislatures is being usurped. Consequently, demands have been voiced to make the judiciary more accountable. Judges and Democratization asks how such accountability can be made compatible with the preservation of judicial independence when the concept of an accountable independent judiciary appears to be a contradiction in terms.

Judges and Democratization

Brian Clive Smith
Judges and Democratization Book PDF

Author : Brian Clive Smith
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Democratization
ISBN : 1032369493

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Judges and Democratization by Brian Clive Smith Pdf

"This second edition examines judicial independence as an aspect of democratization, based on the premise that democracy cannot be consolidated without the rule of law of which judicial independence is an indispensable part. It pays particular attention to the restraints placed upon judicial independence and examines the reforms which are being applied, or remain to be adopted, in order to guard against the different kinds of interference which prevent judicial decisions being taken in a wholly impartial way. Focusing on the growing authoritarianism in the new democracies of Eastern Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa, the book analyses the paradox of judicial activism arising from the independence endowed upon the judiciary and the rights bestowed on citizens by post-authoritarian constitutions. Finally, it asks how judicial accountability can be made compatible with the preservation of judicial independence when the concept of an accountable, independent judiciary appears to be a contradiction in terms. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of judicial studies, democratization and autocratization studies, constitutionalism, global governance, and more broadly to comparative government/politics, human rights and comparative public law"--

Democratization and the Judiciary

Siri Gloppen,Roberto Gargarella,Elin Skaar
Democratization and the Judiciary Book PDF

Author : Siri Gloppen,Roberto Gargarella,Elin Skaar
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Law
ISBN : 0714655686

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Democratization and the Judiciary by Siri Gloppen,Roberto Gargarella,Elin Skaar Pdf

Introduction : the accountability function of courts in new democracies / Siri Gloppen, Roberto Gargarella, and Elin Skaar Judicial review in developed democracies / Martin Shapiro How some reflections on the United States' experience may inform African efforts to build court systems and the rule of law / Jennifer Widner The constitutional court and control of presidential extraordinary powers in Colombia / Rodrigo Uprimny The politics of judicial review in Chile in the era of domestic transition, 1990-2002 / Javier A. Couso Legitimating transformation : political resource allocation in the South African constitutional court / Theunis Roux The accountability function of courts in Tanzania and Zambia / Siri Gloppen Renegotiating "law and order" : judicial reform and citizen responses in post-war Guatemala / Rachel Sieder Economic reform and judicial governance in Brazil : balancing independence with accountability / Carlos Santiso In search of a democratic justice what courts should not do : Argentina, 1983-2002 / Roberto Gargarella Lessons learned and the way forward / Irwin P. Stotzky.

Judicial Review in New Democracies

Tom Ginsburg
Judicial Review in New Democracies Book PDF

Author : Tom Ginsburg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2003-07-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521520398

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Judicial Review in New Democracies by Tom Ginsburg Pdf

New democracies around the world have adopted constitutional courts to oversee the operation of democratic politics. Where does judicial power come from, how does it develop in the early stages of democratic liberalization, and what political conditions support its expansion? This book answers these questions through an examination of three constitutional courts in Asia: Taiwan, Korea, and Mongolia. In a region that has traditionally viewed law as a tool of authoritarian rulers, constitutional courts in these three societies are becoming a real constraint on government. In contrast with conventional culturalist accounts, this book argues that the design and functioning of constitutional review are largely a function of politics and interests. Judicial review - the power of judges to rule an act of a legislature or national leader unconstitutional - is a solution to the problem of uncertainty in constitutional design. By providing insurance to prospective electoral losers, judicial review can facilitate democracy.

The Judge in a Democracy

Aharon Barak
The Judge in a Democracy Book PDF

Author : Aharon Barak
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2009-01-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781400827046

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The Judge in a Democracy by Aharon Barak Pdf

Whether examining election outcomes, the legal status of terrorism suspects, or if (or how) people can be sentenced to death, a judge in a modern democracy assumes a role that raises some of the most contentious political issues of our day. But do judges even have a role beyond deciding the disputes before them under law? What are the criteria for judging the justices who write opinions for the United States Supreme Court or constitutional courts in other democracies? These are the questions that one of the world's foremost judges and legal theorists, Aharon Barak, poses in this book. In fluent prose, Barak sets forth a powerful vision of the role of the judge. He argues that this role comprises two central elements beyond dispute resolution: bridging the gap between the law and society, and protecting the constitution and democracy. The former involves balancing the need to adapt the law to social change against the need for stability; the latter, judges' ultimate accountability, not to public opinion or to politicians, but to the "internal morality" of democracy. Barak's vigorous support of "purposive interpretation" (interpreting legal texts--for example, statutes and constitutions--in light of their purpose) contrasts sharply with the influential "originalism" advocated by U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia. As he explores these questions, Barak also traces how supreme courts in major democracies have evolved since World War II, and he guides us through many of his own decisions to show how he has tried to put these principles into action, even under the burden of judging on terrorism.

Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy

Paul Howe,Peter H. Russell
Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy Book PDF

Author : Paul Howe,Peter H. Russell
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2001-03-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780773568891

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Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy by Paul Howe,Peter H. Russell Pdf

The controversy raises challenging questions about the role of a powerful judiciary in a democracy. In Judicial Power and Canadian Democracy, a series of essays commissioned by the Institute for Research on Public Policy, some of Canada's foremost commentators - academics, politicians, and Supreme Court judges themselves - take up the debate. Some tangle over the pivotal question: should judges have the decisive say on issues involving entrenched rights that have profound implication for the policy preferences of elected bodies? Others examine related issues, including Supreme Court appointment procedures, interest group litigation, the historical roots of the notwithstanding clause, and the state of public opinion on Canada's courts. Those interested in the power of the judicial branch will find much in this collection to stimulate fresh thinking on issues that are likely to remain on the public agenda for years to come. Contributors include Joseph F. Fletcher (Toronto), Janet Hiebert (Queen's), Gregory Hein (Toronto), Peter W. Hogg (York), Paul Howe, Rainer Knopff (Calgary), Sébastien Lebel-Grenier (Sherbrooke), Howard Leeson (Regina), Kate Malleson (London School of Economics), E. Preston Manning (Reform Party of Canada), Hon. Beverley McLachlin (Supreme Court of Canada), F.L. Morton (Calgary), Pierre Patenaude (Sherbrooke), Peter Russell, Allison A. Thornton (Blake, Cassels and Graydon), Frederick Vaughan (emeritus, Guelph), Lorraine Eisenstat Weinrib (Toronto), Hon. Bertha Wilson (emeritus, Supreme Court of Canada), and Jacob Ziegel (Toronto).

Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy

Peter H. Russell,David M. O'Brien
Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy Book PDF

Author : Peter H. Russell,David M. O'Brien
Publisher : University of Virginia Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Law
ISBN : 0813920159

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Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy by Peter H. Russell,David M. O'Brien Pdf

This collection of essays by leading scholars of constitutional law looks at a critical component of constitutional democracy--judicial independence--from an international comparative perspective. Peter H. Russell's introduction outlines a general theory of judicial independence, while the contributors analyze a variety of regimes from the United States and Latin America to Russia and Eastern Europe, Western Europe and the United Kingdom, Australia, Israel, Japan, and South Africa. Russell's conclusion compares these various regimes in light of his own analytical framework.

Can Courts be Bulwarks of Democracy?

Jeffrey K. Staton,Christopher Reenock,Jordan Holsinger
Can Courts be Bulwarks of Democracy Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey K. Staton,Christopher Reenock,Jordan Holsinger
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-31
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781316516737

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Can Courts be Bulwarks of Democracy? by Jeffrey K. Staton,Christopher Reenock,Jordan Holsinger Pdf

This book argues that independent courts can defend democracy by encouraging political elites to more prudently exercise their powers.

The Political Foundations of Judicial Independence in Dictatorship and Democracy

Brad Epperly
The Political Foundations of Judicial Independence in Dictatorship and Democracy Book PDF

Author : Brad Epperly
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780192583642

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The Political Foundations of Judicial Independence in Dictatorship and Democracy by Brad Epperly Pdf

This book argues that explaining judicial independence-considered the fundamental question of comparative law and politics-requires a perspective that spans the democracy/autocracy divide. Rather than seeking separate explanations in each regime context, in The Political Foundations of Judicial Independence in Dictatorship and Democracy, Brad Epperly argues that political competition is a salient factor in determining levels of de facto judicial independence across regime type, and in autocracies a factor of far greater import. This is because a full " account of independence requires looking not only at the likelihood those in power might lose elections but also the variable risks associated with such an outcome, risks that are far higher for autocrats. First demonstrating that courts can and do provide insurance to former leaders, he then shows via exhaustive cross-national analyses that competition's effects are far higher in autocratic regimes, providing the first evidence for the causal nature of the relationship. Epperly argues that these findings differ from existing case study research because in democratic regimes, a lack of political competition means incumbents target the de jure independence of courts. This argument is illustrated via in-depth case study of the Hungarian Constitutional Court after the country's 2010 " and then tested globally. Blending formal theory, observational and instrumental variables models, and elite interviews of leading Hungarian legal scholars and judges, Epperly offers a new framework for understanding judicial independence that integrates explanations of both de jure and de facto independence in both democratic and autocratic regimes.

Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory

Scott E. Lemieux,David J. Watkins
Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory Book PDF

Author : Scott E. Lemieux,David J. Watkins
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351602129

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Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory by Scott E. Lemieux,David J. Watkins Pdf

For decades, the question of judicial review’s status in a democratic political system has been adjudicated through the framework of what Alexander Bickel labeled "the counter-majoritarian difficulty." That is, the idea that judicial review is particularly problematic for democracy because it opposes the will of the majority. Judicial Review and Contemporary Democratic Theory begins with an assessment of the empirical and theoretical flaws of this framework, and an account of the ways in which this framework has hindered meaningful investigation into judicial review’s value within a democratic political system. To replace the counter-majoritarian difficulty framework, Scott E. Lemieux and David J. Watkins draw on recent work in democratic theory emphasizing democracy’s opposition to domination and analyses of constitutional court cases in the United States, Canada, and elsewhere to examine judicial review in its institutional and political context. Developing democratic criteria for veto points in a democratic system and comparing them to each other against these criteria, Lemieux and Watkins yield fresh insights into judicial review’s democratic value. This book is essential reading for students of law and courts, judicial politics, legal theory and constitutional law.

Judicial Politics in Mexico

Andrea Castagnola,Saul Lopez Noriega
Judicial Politics in Mexico Book PDF

Author : Andrea Castagnola,Saul Lopez Noriega
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2016-11-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781315520599

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Judicial Politics in Mexico by Andrea Castagnola,Saul Lopez Noriega Pdf

After more than seventy years of uninterrupted authoritarian government headed by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), Mexico formally began the transition to democracy in 2000. Unlike most other new democracies in Latin America, no special Constitutional Court was set up, nor was there any designated bench of the Supreme Court for constitutional adjudication. Instead, the judiciary saw its powers expand incrementally. Under this new context inevitable questions emerged: How have the justices interpreted the constitution? What is the relation of the court with the other political institutions? How much autonomy do justices display in their decisions? Has the court considered the necessary adjustments to face the challenges of democracy? It has become essential in studying the new role of the Supreme Court to obtain a more accurate and detailed diagnosis of the performances of its justices in this new political environment. Through critical review of relevant debates and using original data sets to empirically analyze the way justices voted on the three main means of constitutional control from 2000 through 2011, leading legal scholars provide a thoughtful and much needed new interpretation of the role the judiciary plays in a country’s transition to democracy This book is designed for graduate courses in law and courts, judicial politics, comparative judicial politics, Latin American institutions, and transitions to democracy. This book will equip scholars and students with the knowledge required to understand the importance of the independence of the judiciary in the transition to democracy.

Judicial Activism and the Democratic Rule of Law

Sonja C. Grover
Judicial Activism and the Democratic Rule of Law Book PDF

Author : Sonja C. Grover
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-17
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030350857

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Judicial Activism and the Democratic Rule of Law by Sonja C. Grover Pdf

In this book the author argues that judicial activism in respect of the protection of human rights and dignity and the right to due process is an essential element of the democratic rule of law in a constitutional democracy as opposed to being ‘judicial overreach’. Selected recent case law is explored from the US and Canadian Supreme Courts as well as the European Court of Human Rights illustrating that these Courts have, at times, engaged in judicial activism in the service of providing equal protection of the law and due process to the powerless but have, on other occasions, employed legalistic but insupportable strategies to sidestep that obligation.The book will be of interest to those with a deep concern regarding the factors that influence judicial decision-making and the judiciary's role through judgments in promoting and preserving the underpinnings of democracy. This includes legal researchers, the judiciary, practicing counsel and legal academics and law students as well as those in the area of democracy studies, in addition to scholars in the fields of sociology and philosophy of law.

Judges in Contemporary Democracy

Justice Stephen Breyer,Robert Badinter
Judges in Contemporary Democracy Book PDF

Author : Justice Stephen Breyer,Robert Badinter
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2004-06-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780814789711

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Judges in Contemporary Democracy by Justice Stephen Breyer,Robert Badinter Pdf

Law, politics, and society in the modern West have been marked by the increasing power of the judge: the development of constitutional justice, the evolution of international judiciaries, and judicial systems that extend even further into social life. Judges make decisions that not only enforce the law, but also codify the values of our times. In the summer of 2000, an esteemed group of judges and legal scholars met in Provence, France, to consider the role of the judge in modern society. They included Robert Badinter, former president of the Constitutional Council in France; Stephen Breyer, Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; Antonio Cassese, the first president of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia; Dieter Grimm, former vice president of the Constitutional Court of Germany; Gil Carlos Rodriguez, president of the Court of Justice of the European Union; and Ronald Dworkin, formerly of Oxford University, now professor of philosophy and law at the New York University Law School. What followed was an animated discussion ranging from the influence of the media on the judiciary to the development of an international criminal law to the judge's consideration of the judge's own role. Judges in Contemporary Democracy offers a rare and intimate glimpse into the powers and the role of judges in today's society.