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Contemporary Issues in Modeling Psychopathology by Michael S. Myslobodsky,Ina Weiner Pdf
Despite considerable progress in clinical and basic neurosciences, the cure of psychiatric disorders is still remote, little is known about their prevention, and the etiology and molecular mechanisms of mental disorders are still obscure. Diagnoses are still guided by patients' stories. The mission of animal models is to bridge the gap between `the story and the synapse.' Contemporary Issues in Modeling of Psychopathology attempts to do this by examining such questions as `What good might come from such a model? Are we wasting our time? How far can we carry results from model animals, such as rats and mice, without causing a highly distorted view of the field and its goals?' This book serves as the opening volume for a new series, Neurobiological Foundation of Aberrant Behaviors.
Models Of Psychopathology by Dilys Davies,Dinesh Bhugra Pdf
Models and theories of psychopathology and their associated clinical practice do not represent scientific fact so much as a variation in perspective within psychopathology itself. Several favoured models exist within any society at a given time, and as well as changing historically over time, they also differ culturally between societies. This book examines: . the similarities, differences and points of integration in the main models of psychopathology . how the theoretical conceptualizations underpinning these models are reflected in the theory and the clinical practice of different schools of psychotherapy . how various models are used in everyday practice . whether clinicians adhere to the rules of a given model or whether, in fact, there is more integration in practice than there appears to be in theoretical conceptualizations. Models of Psychopathology is aimed at advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students of clinical psychology, counselling psychology, psychotherapy and counselling. It will also be of interest to therapy students in professional training courses and experienced clinicians who want to know more about this aspect of psychotherapy.
Models of Psychopathology by Lisa M. Hooper,Luciano L'Abate,Laura G. Sweeney,Giovanna Gianesini,Peter J. Jankowski Pdf
This book explores current relational models of psychopathology that undergird a great many conflicts and destructive outcomes in family and intimate relationships. These models have similar features and can be considered as a group. They are all: (1) generational; (2) relational; and (3) fundamentally reactive processes stemming from existing psychopathology.
Models for Clinical Psychopathology by C. Eisdorfer,D. Cohen,A. Kleinman,P. Maxim Pdf
This volume offers a critical evaluation of seven major paradigms in psychiatry that have made significant contributions to our current under standing of human behavior and psychiatric disorder. It was stimulated by a meeting held in November, 1978. We met at Salishan Lodge, Oregon, to discuss some of the theoretical orientations in behavioral sciences which serve as a base for contemporary psychopathology. Each major paradigm is represented by both an advocate as well as a critic. Advocates of a position had each agreed to be criticized by an individual who may not have been particularly sympathetic to the paradigm being presented. Furthermore, the entire group of participants had ample time for discussion with both the proponent and the critic. The papers in this volume were completed following that meeting, and each author has had the benefit of the criticism and discussion. The editors believe that the unusual array of talented scientists and clinicians have made an important contribution to clinical science by elaborating their positions in the face of open discussion and are proud to be part of this body of work. We wish to thank each of the participants for helping to sustain a very high level of critical scholarly discourse, which provided the right ethos for probing some of the major conceptual models of psychopathology.
Models for Mental Disorder by Peter Tyrer,Derek Steinberg Pdf
Written by distinguished academic and Editor of the British Journal of Psychiatry, and a now retired NHS consultant psychiatrist, this latest edition of Models for Mental Disorders reflects the significant changes in clinical practice and understanding in the last four years. With increased emphasis on the multidisciplinary approach now being used in all mental health facilities in Europe, the two new chapters on application of models in multidisciplinary teams and how understanding of models improves communication are particularly timely and relevant. The book also features an easy-to-read new appendix providing a glossary of commonly-used terms in psychiatry for the interested lay-reader. An adopted title on many psychology courses throughout the UK, this fourth edition continues to provide an invaluable introduction to the different models used in evaluating mental health, and is recommended reading for all those interested in mental health and illness.
'The Fallacy of Mother''s Wisdom' by Michael S Myslobodsky Pdf
' Health psychology is an offer of help, an effort to understand how biological, behavioral, and social factors influence health and illness. As one of the fast-growing sub-specialties, it has now outstripped other divisions of psychology in terms of excitement in the public eye. And yet a new occupation was built on somewhat unrealistic, idealized assumptions. The title of this book was therefore chosen to emphasize the fact that an extensive critique of those assumptions is essential. This book proposes arbitrary boundaries for a discourse on health psychology. The array of subjects is based on two major themes: the foundation of health psychology and the range of disorders where psychological knowledge might benefit the sick; and the question of whether or not health psychology has a systematic and pragmatic structure so as to qualify as a profession. Contents:The Point of Departure: The Pillars of the Health Psychology Edifice‘Bad Boys’ and Prenatal ProgrammingBetween Psychiatry and Medicine: Illness in Search of a PlaceThe Deadly TrioCollective Exaggerated EmotionsA Complementary Point of ViewHolistic Philosophy and a Recipe for Causative GoulashIf Health Psychology is the Answer, What was the Question? Readership: Undergraduates, graduate students, academics, researchers and practitioners in medicine, health science and psychology; members of the public with an interest in science and technology. Keywords:Health Psychology;Medically Unexplained Symptoms;Holistic Psychology and Medicine;PsychopharmacologyReviews:“Professor Myslobodsky has written a thoughtful, scholarly, and entertaining book on disease and health. He punctures many popular balloons belonging to both medicine and psychology, thereby exposing the reader to the vast amount of hot air that has been widely promoted as facts. Both medicine and psychology, it turns out, are professions in process, and their intersection is still to be determined.”Professor E Fuller Torrey The Stanley Medical Research Institute “The Fallacy of Mother's Wisdom should be required reading for every health psychologist and the text for every health psychology course in the country. In addition to its remarkable scholarship, the book has beautiful artwork and a striking cover picture.”Professor Emeritus Irving Maltzman UCLA “This timely and important book critically examines the classic “truths” and “axioms” in psychosomatic medicine and health psychology. Over the last decades, many claims have been made suggesting how serious diseases could be cured by changing mental states , which are flourishing in popular books and TV programs. This book discusses the scientific evidence for such claims, using new techniques, such as functional neuroimaging, where it is possible to provide empirical evidence to back up critical evaluations of the psychosomatic/health psychology axis.”Professor Kenneth Hugdahl University of Bergen, Norway “It is an impressive accomplishment … a delightful read that is at the same time most scholarly in its account of medical history and in its many references to literary works. It is also jam-packed with useful information for the practitioner. Myslobodsky's point of view on the many issues that health psychologists must face with all the new developments in medical science is always refreshing and provocative. The book is fascinating and I learned much from reading it. I recommend it highly.”Elliot S Valenstein Professor Emeritus University of Michigan “His books, ‘Mother’s Wisdom' included, fill me with both knowledge and recognitions of its limits and, even more importantly, they help me think. They transcend professional boundaries, and the writing is good enough that I would recommend them to anyone who is interested in promoting a healthy body, a healthy mind, and even a healthy society.”Professor Pamela J Taylor Co-editor Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health “The final chapter manages to articulate with remarkable clarity the issues that anyone involved in, or interested in, health psychology cannot afford to ignore … this book is so rich in content and so effective in bringing health psychology into the critical light of scientific inquiry.”Journal of Scientific Exploration '
The Fallacy of Mother's Wisdom by Michael Myslobodsky Pdf
Health psychology is an offer of help, an effort to understand "howbiological, behavioral, and social factors influence health andillness." As one of the fast-growing sub-specialties, it has nowoutstripped other divisions of psychology in terms of excitement inthe public eye.
Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery by Robert A. McArthur,Franco Borsini Pdf
Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery combines the experience of academic, clinical and pharmaceutical neuroscientists in a unique collaborative approach to provide a greater understanding of the relevance of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders and their role as translational tools for the discovery of CNS drugs being developed for the treatment of these disorders. The focus of this three-volume series of essays is to present a consensual picture of the translational value of animal models from leading experts actively involved in the use of animal models for understanding fundamental neurobiology of CNS disorders and the application of this knowledge to CNS drug discovery, and clinical investigators involved in clinical trials, drug development and eventual registration of novel pharmaceuticals. Each volume of the Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery series is dedicated to the development and use of animal models in key therapeutic areas in psychiatric, neurologic and reward deficit disorders. Each volume has introductory chapters expressing the view of the role and relevance of animal models for CNS drug discovery and development from the perspective of (a) academic basic neuroscientific research, (b) applied pharmaceutical drug discovery and development, and (c) issues of clinical trial design and regulatory agencies limitations. Each volume examines the rationale, use, robustness and limitations of animal models in relevant therapeutic areas and discusses the use of animal models for target identification and validation. The clinical relevance of animal models is discussed in terms of major limitations in cross-species comparisons, clinical trial design of drug candidates, and how clinical trial endpoints could be improved. The aim of this series of volumes on Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery is to identify and provide common endpoints between species that can serve to inform both the clinic and the bench with the information needed to accelerate clinically-effective CNS drug discovery. - Provides clinical, academic, government and industry perspectives fostering integrated communication between principle participants at all stages of the drug discovery process - Critical evaluation of animal and translational models improving transition from drug discovery and clinical development - Emphasizes what results mean to the overall drug discovery process - Explores issues in clinical trial design and conductance in each therapeutic area - Each volume is available for purchase individually.
Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery: Neurological Disorders by Robert A. McArthur,Franco Borsini Pdf
Neurological Disorders is written for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who use animal models in research and development of drugs for neurological disorders such as neurofibromatosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington disease, ALS, and the epilepsies. Neurological Disorders has introductory chapters expressing the view of the role and relevance of animal models for drug discovery and development for the treatment of psychiatric disorders from the perspective of (a) academic basic neuroscientific research, (b) applied pharmaceutical drug discovery and development, and (c) issues of clinical trial design and regulatory agencies limitations. Each volume examines the rationale, use, robustness and limitations of animal models in each therapeutic area covered and discuss the use of animal models for target identification and validation. The clinical relevance of animal models is discussed in terms of major limitations in cross-species comparisons, clinical trial design of drug candidates, and how clinical trial endpoints could be improved. The aim of this series of volumes on Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery is to identify and provide common endpoints between species that can serve to inform both the clinic and the bench with the information needed to accelerate clinically-effective CNS drug discovery. This is the second volume in the three volume-set, Animal and Translational Models for CNS Drug Discovery 978-0-12-373861-5, which is also available for purchase individually. Clinical, academic, government and industry perspectives fostering integrated communication between principle participants at all stages of the drug discovery process Critical evaluation of animal and translational models improving transition from drug discovery and clinical development Emphasis on what results mean to the overall drug discovery process Exploration of issues in clinical trial design and conductance in each therapeutic area
Models of Madness by Dr John Read,Professor Richard Bentall,Loren Mosher,John Read,Jacqui Dillon Pdf
Are hallucinations and delusions really symptoms of an illness called ‘schizophrenia’? Are mental health problems really caused by chemical imbalances and genetic predispositions? Are psychiatric drugs as effective and safe as the drug companies claim? Is madness preventable? This second edition of Models of Madness challenges those who hold to simplistic, pessimistic and often damaging theories and treatments of madness. In particular it challenges beliefs that madness can be explained without reference to social causes and challenges the excessive preoccupation with chemical imbalances and genetic predispositions as causes of human misery, including the conditions that are given the name 'schizophrenia'. This edition updates the now extensive body of research showing that hallucinations, delusions etc. are best understood as reactions to adverse life events and that psychological and social approaches to helping are more effective and far safer than psychiatric drugs and electroshock treatment. A new final chapter discusses why such a damaging ideology has come to dominate mental health and, most importantly, how to change that. Models of Madness is divided into three sections: Section One provides a history of madness, including examples of violence against the ‘mentally ill’, before critiquing the theories and treatments of contemporary biological psychiatry and documenting the corrupting influence of drug companies. Section Two summarises the research showing that hallucinations, delusions etc. are primarily caused by adverse life events (eg. parental loss, bullying, abuse and neglect in childhood, poverty, etc) and can be understood using psychological models ranging from cognitive to psychodynamic. Section Three presents the evidence for a range of effective psychological and social approaches to treatment, from cognitive and family therapy to primary prevention. This book brings together thirty-seven contributors from ten countries and a wide range of scientific disciplines. It provides an evidence-based, optimistic antidote to the pessimism of biological psychiatry. Models of Madness will be essential reading for all involved in mental health, including service users, family members, service managers, policy makers, nurses, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, counsellors, psychoanalysts, social workers, occupational therapists, art therapists.
Models for Mental Disorder, first published in 1987, anticipated the move towards integration of psychiatric services into multidisciplinary teams (doctor, psychologist, nurse, social worker, etc) and the need to bring together the different philosophies of mental illness. Peter Tyrer has identified four different models of mental disorder that are relevant to clinical practice: the disease, psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioural and social models. Each model is described and reviewed, with reference to case studies and illustrations, to show how it relates to mental health disorders and can be used to interpret and manage these disorders. The book has been widely read and is often used for training purposes so that each professional can understand and appreciate that differences in viewpoint are often a consequence of one or more models being used in a different way rather than a fundamental schism in approach. Since the fourth edition was published in 2005, the disciplines of mental health have moved even closer together with the growth of assertive outreach and more integrated community teams. This, combined with the greater awareness of mental health among users of services, which leads to more penetrating and informed questions at interviews with professionals, has emphasized the need for a wider understanding of these models. • The only book to describe the models framing mental health diagnosis and management • A great review for those wanting a better grasp of psychiatric disorders and for integration of concepts for treatment planning • New information on formal classifi cations of mental disorder • New information on mindfulness and mentalization regarding the dynamic model • Clearly written in a style which includes some humour and a conversational presentation – a joy to read for the beginner and more experienced practitioner alike • Features a teaching exercise for use when training students in the various models
Animal Models of Behavior Genetics by Jonathan C. Gewirtz,Yong-Kyu Kim Pdf
This stimulating analysis reviews the broad potential of animal models to foster a deeper understanding of human pathology, strengthen connections between genetic and behavioral studies, and develop more effective treatments for mental disorders. Widely-studied and lesser-used species are examined in models that capture features along the continuum of normative and pathological behavior. The models highlight genetic causes of core features, or endophenotypes, of developmental, internalizing, and externalizing disorders, as well as dementia. Expert contributors address questions ranging from how suitable species are chosen for study to the costs and benefits of using inbred versus outbred strains, and the effects of housing environment on subject animals. Larger issues addressed include how to evaluate the applicability of animal behavioral models to the human condition and how these models can harness emerging molecular technologies to further our understanding of the genetic basis of mental illness. Included in the coverage: Mating and fighting in Drosophila. Attachment and social bonding. Impulsivity in rodents and humans. Animal models of cognitive decline. Animal models of social cognition. Future directions for animal models in behavioral genetics. A detailed map of where this evolving field is headed, Animal Models of Behavior Genetics shows geneticists, molecular biologists, and cognitive neuroscientists paths beyond established concepts toward a more knowledgeable and collaborative future.
Author : William T. McKinney Jr. Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 200 pages File Size : 43,9 Mb Release : 2012-12-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9781468454307
Models of Mental Disorders by William T. McKinney Jr. Pdf
My ideas for this book have been evolving over the last several years as I have been working in the animal modeling area and have seen it change rather dramatically. There have been tremendous advances, both in methodology and in conceptualization, yet the literature is scattered in journals encompassing many disciplines. In particular, there have been only very limited attempts to write about the philosophical, conceptual, and controversial issues in this field; to pull together diverse findings; and to provide some general perspective on its future. As will probably be apparent, I am a clinical psychiatrist who also has a fundamental interest in animal behavior, especially primate social behavior. I entered the field from a clinical research standpoint to devel op some animal models of depression after being stimulated to do so by Dr. William Bunney, then at the National Institute of Mental Health and now at the University of California-Irvine. The field has grown rapidly since then and there is considerable research activity. Indeed, the re search activity has grown more rapidly than our conceptualization of what animal models are and are not. Animal preparations are now available for studying specific aspects of certain types of psychopathology. Thoughtful workers in the animal modeling field no longer talk about comprehensive models but rather about more limited experimental preparations in animals for studying certain specific aspects of human psychopathology.
Author : John M. Neale,Gerald C. Davison,Kenneth P. Price Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 358 pages File Size : 47,9 Mb Release : 1974 Category : Psychology ISBN : MINN:31951P00108214D
Contemporary Readings in Psychopathology by John M. Neale,Gerald C. Davison,Kenneth P. Price Pdf
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Section 1: Models of Madness. 1 The Myth of Mental Illness. 2 Personality Disorder Is Disease. 3 The Psychiatric Nomenclature. 4 On Being Sane In Insane Places. 5 Sex-role Stereotypes and Clinical Judgments of Mental Health. 6 The Psychiatrist and Test of Criminal Responsibility. 7 The Psychologist As an Expert Witness on the Issue of Insanity. Section 2: Neurosis, Psychosomatic Disease, and Depression. 8 Psychoanalytic Evidence: A Critique Based on Freud's Case of Little Hans. 9 Influences of Suggestion on Airway Reactivity in Asthmatic Subjects. 10 Fall into Helplessness. 11 Campus Tragedy: A Study of Student Suicide. Section 3: Sociocultural Deviance. 12 Psychopathy and Choice of Immediate Versus Delayed Punishment. 13 Loss of Control Drinking in Alcoholics: An Experimental Dialogue. 14 Clinical and Psychological Effects of Marihuana in Man. 15 The Journey Beyond "Trips". 16 The Lesbian--Myth & Reality. Section 4: Schizophrenia and Autism. 17 Schizomemetic Conditions and Schizophrenia. 18 Familial Etiology of Schizophrenia: Is a Scientific Methodology Possible? 19 Psychiatric Disorders in Foster Home Reared Children of Schizophrenic Mothers. 20 Breakdown in Individuals at High Risk for Schizophrenia: Possible Predispositional Perinatal Factors. 21 The Language of Schizophrenia: A Review and Interpretation. 22 The Syndrome of Early Childhood Autism. Section 5: The Therapeutic Enterprise. 23 Reinforcement and Nonreinforcement in Rogerian Psychotherapy. 24 The Rules and Games of Gestalt Therapy. 25 A Study of Encounter Group Casualties. 26 Case Report: Avoidance Conditioning Therapy of an Infant with Chronic Ruminative Vomiting. 27 Modification of Social Withdrawal through Symbolic Modeling. 28 Achievement Place: Experiments in Self Government with Predelinquents.
Animal Models Of Neuropsychiatric Diseases by Michael Koch Pdf
Animal models of neuro- and psychopathological states in humans are an indispensable part of both experimental neurology and biological psychiatry. Written by a team of experts, this book provides an up-to-date detailed overview of the current approaches to the design of viable animal models for eight prominent neuropsychiatric diseases. The book is specifically written with the research-oriented reader in mind — both in academia and the pharmaceutical industry. It contains first-hand information on how to design viable animal models for Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, addiction, depression, fear and anxiety, and schizophrenia. Each chapter also critically discusses the limitations of the animal experimental approach towards an understanding of human neuropsychiatric disorders.The book is an essential source of reference for researchers who seek to successfully continue and elaborate the experimental work that will finally lead to a better understanding of the neurobiological basis of the diseases, as well as to an improvement of both diagnosis and therapy.
