Crassulacean Acid Metabolism

Author : Klaus Winter,J.Andrew C. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642790607

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Crassulacean Acid Metabolism by Klaus Winter,J.Andrew C. Smith Pdf

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) represents one of the best-studied metabolic examples of an ecological adaptation to environmental stress. Well over 5 % of all vascular plant species engage in this water-conserving photosynthetic pathway. Intensified research activities over the last 10 years have led to major advances in understanding the biology of CAM plants. New areas of research reviewed in detail in this book include regulation of gene expression and the molecular basis of CAM, the ecophysiology of CAM plants from tropical environments, the productivity of agronomically important cacti and agaves, the ecophysiology of CAM in submerged aquatic plants, and the taxonomic diversity and evolutionary origins of CAM.

Author : M. Kluge,I. P. Ting
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642670381

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Crassulacean Acid Metabolism by M. Kluge,I. P. Ting Pdf

The acid metabolism of certain succulent plants, now known as Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) has fascinated plant physiologists and biochemists for the last one and a half centuries. However, since the basic discoveries of De Saussure in 1804 that stem joints of Opuntia were able to remove CO from the 2 atmosphere during the night, and of Heyne in 1815 (see Wolf, 1960) that organic acids accumulate in the leaves of Bryophyllum calycinum during the night, the two main aspects of CAM, diurnal CO gas exchange and metabolism of malic acid, 2 have first been studied nearly independently. Hence, it is not surprising that most research to elucidate the mechanism of CAM has been during the last 15 years since CO exchange and malate metabolism were studied and interpreted in its 2 context. These efforts finally resulted in a clear realization that the CAM phenom enon is a variation on the mode of how plants can photosynthetically harvest CO from the atmosphere. 2 The interpretation of CAM in this sense was stimulated by the discovery of another variant of photosynthesis, the C -pathway (see Black, 1973; Hatch and 4 Slack, 1970; Hatch, 1976). Because this newly discovered photosynthetic pathway is recognized to be very closely related to the CAM pathway, the work on the latter became intensified during these last years.

Author : Gerry Edwards,David Walker
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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C, C by Gerry Edwards,David Walker Pdf

Author : Erick De La Barrera,William K. Smith
Publisher : UNAM
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780578006765

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Perspectives in Biophysical Plant Ecophysiology by Erick De La Barrera,William K. Smith Pdf

Park S. Nobel pioneered the coupling of cellular physical chemistry with plant physiology, providing a sound physicochemical interpretation of the laws of diffusion to a rapidly expanding field of plant physiological ecology. His classical textbook is the only one of its kind to provide an extensive array of quantitative problems and solutions in the field of plant biophysics and ecophysiology, extending from the molecular to the ecological level. In this festschrift, former graduate students and postdocs, as well as colleagues of Prof. Nobel present a series of reviews that include scales from sub-cellular to global, and topics that range from desert succulent biology to the physiology of alpine plants, encompassing basic research and applications in agronomy and conservation biology. This state-of-the-field survey provides current and useful information for professionals and graduate students, while illustrating the broad span of the influence that Nobel's career has had on modern ecophysiology.

Author : R. Marcelle
Publisher : Springer
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1975-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:B3741869

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Environmental and Biological Control of Photosynthesis by R. Marcelle Pdf

This book reports the proceedings of a meeting held in the 'Limburgs Universitair Centrum', Diepenbeek, Belgium, August 26 to 30, 1974. In convening this meetƯ ing, my aim was to bring together a small number of specialists working on photosynthesis of course but also always keeping in mind that plants are inƯ fluenced by their environment (temperature, light quality and intensity, air comƯ position, daylength ... .) and can differently react according to their stage of deveƯ lopment. In general, all these specialists work on whole plants cultivated in wellƯ known conditions (they are not 'market spinach specialists') but, when necessary, give up the idea of measuring photochemical activities in isolated they don't chloroplasts, enzyme kinetics ... etc. It is noticeable that about 50% of them are working in laboratories directly involved with applied research in agriculture or forestry. The format of the meeting was intentionally kept small but it allowed generous time for discussion; thanks are due to Drs. O. BJÖRKMAN, J.W. BRADBEER, M.M. LUDLOW and C.B. OSMOND for taking the chairs during these discussions. In such a small meeting, the choice of invited scientists was really a personnal one and thus reflected my own fields of interest. When planning the conference, I was continually divided between the wish for inviting other interesting people and the necessity of keeping time free for discussions.

Author : Ulrich Lüttge
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642744655

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Vascular Plants as Epiphytes by Ulrich Lüttge Pdf

In his lectures my teacher Karl Mägdefrau used to say that one only becomes a real plant scientist when one enters a tropical rainforest. For me this initiation occurred in 1969 in northern Queensland, Australia, and was associated with the greatest excitement. On another level it received confirmation when I set out in 1983 together with some friends and colleagues for the first detailed ecophysiological studies of epiphytes in the wet tropics in situ in the island of Trinidad and later for similar work in Venezuela. This then promoted the idea of organizing a special symposium on "The evolution and ecophysiology of vascular plants as epiphytes" during the XIV International Botanical Congress in luly 1987 in Berlin, and to ask some of the speakers to produce chapters for a small monograph on the interesting ecologically defined group of plants "epiphytes" as presented in this volume of "Ecological Studies". The enthusiasm of the participants of the symposium giving reports and adding to the discussion was most stimulating, and it appears that epiphytes might gain well-deserved, wider consideration in the future. The cooperation with the authors of this book was very pleasant and I appreciated the new contacts established with adepts of the "epiphyte community". The chapters were organized and arranged covering first more gen eral aspects with setting the scene in Chapter 1, the evolution of epi phytism in Chapter 2 and the role of CO -concentrating mechanisms in 2 Chapter 3.

Author : Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan,Tamer E. Moussa Ayoub,Sascha Rohn
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1045 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030784447

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Opuntia spp.: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Industrial Applications by Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan,Tamer E. Moussa Ayoub,Sascha Rohn Pdf

The Opuntia fruits, commonly known as cactus pears or prickly pears, have been suggested by the Food and Agriculture Organization to be a promising and strategic crop in regions suffering from lack of water. In Mexico, India, South Africa, and the Mediterranean, the Opuntia fruits have become popular due to their nutritive value and health-promoting benefits, including antioxidant, antiulcerogenic and antiatherogenic traits and protective effects against LDL oxidation. Additionally, readily absorbable sugars, high vitamin C and mineral content, and a pleasant flavour make Opuntia tailor-made for novel foods. Due to their ecological advantages, high functional value, and health-related traits, Opuntia fruits can be highly exploited in different food processing applications. For instance, Opuntia cactus fruits are used for the preparation of juices and marmalades; Opuntia cactus plants are used to feed animals in African and Latin American countries; Peruvian farmers cultivate Opuntia cactus for growing the cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) insect and producing the natural dye carmine; and the commercial production of food and non-food products from Opuntia has been established in Mexico, USA and several Mediterranean countries. Opuntia spp.: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Industrial Applications creates a multidisciplinary forum of discussion on Opuntia cactus with special emphasis on its horticulture, post-harvest, marketability, chemistry, functionality, health-promoting properties, technology and processing. The text includes detailed discussion of the impact of traditional and innovative processing on the recovery of high-added value compounds from Opuntia spp. by-products. Later chapters explore the potential applications of Opuntia spp. in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.

Author : Richard C. Leegood,Thomas D. Sharkey,Susanne von Caemmerer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306481376

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Photosynthesis: Physiology and Metabolism by Richard C. Leegood,Thomas D. Sharkey,Susanne von Caemmerer Pdf

Photosynthesis: Physiology and Metabolism is the we have concentrated on the acquisition and ninth volume in theseries Advances in Photosynthesis metabolism of carbon. However, a full understanding (Series Editor, Govindjee). Several volumes in this of reactions involved in the conversion of to series have dealt with molecular and biophysical sugars requires an integrated view of metabolism. aspects of photosynthesis in the bacteria, algae and We have, therefore, commissioned international cyanobacteria, focussing largely on what have been authorities to write chapters on, for example, traditionally, though inaccurately, termed the ‘light interactionsbetween carbon and nitrogen metabolism, reactions’(Volume 1, The Molecular Biology of on respiration in photosynthetic tissues and on the Cyanobacteria;Volume2,AnoxygenicPhotosynthetic control of gene expression by metabolism. Photo- Bacteria, Volume 3, Biophysical Techniques in synthetic carbon assimilation is also one of the most Photosynthesis and Volume 7, The Molecular Biology rapid metabolic processes that occurs in plant cells, of the Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in Chlamy- and therefore has to be considered in relation to domonas). Volume 4 dealt with Oxygenic Photo- transport, whether it be the initial uptake of carbon, synthesis: The Light Reactions, and volume 5 with intracellular transport between organelles, inter- Photosynthesis and the Environment, whereas the cellular transport, as occurs in plants, or transport structure and function of lipids in photosynthesis of photosynthates through and out of the leaf. All was covered in Volume 6 of this series: Lipids in these aspects of transport are also covered in the Photosynthesis: Structure, Function and Genetics, book.

Author : Katie M. Becklin,Joy K. Ward,Danielle A. Way
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030649265

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Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Climate Change by Katie M. Becklin,Joy K. Ward,Danielle A. Way Pdf

Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and global climate conditions have altered photosynthesis and plant respiration across both geologic and contemporary time scales. Understanding climate change effects on plant carbon dynamics is critical for predicting plant responses to future growing conditions. Furthermore, demand for biofuel, fibre and food production is rapidly increasing with the ever-expanding global human population, and our ability to meet these demands is exacerbated by climate change. This volume integrates physiological, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. We explore this topic in the context of modeling plant responses to climate, including physiological mechanisms that constrain carbon assimilation and the potential for plants to acclimate to rising carbon dioxide concentration, warming temperatures and drought. Additional chapters contrast climate change responses in natural and agricultural ecosystems, where differences in climate sensitivity between different photosynthetic pathways can influence community and ecosystem processes. Evolutionary studies over past and current time scales provide further insight into evolutionary changes in photosynthetic traits, the emergence of novel plant strategies, and the potential for rapid evolutionary responses to future climate conditions. Finally, we discuss novel approaches to engineering photosynthesis and photorespiration to improve plant productivity for the future. The overall goals for this volume are to highlight recent advances in photosynthesis and respiration research, and to identify key challenges to understanding and scaling plant physiological responses to climate change. The integrated perspectives and broad scope of research make this volume an excellent resource for both students and researchers in many areas of plant science, including plant physiology, ecology, evolution, climate change, and biotechnology. For this volume, 37 experts contributed chapters that span modeling, empirical, and applied research on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. Authors represent the following seven countries: Australia (6); Canada (9), England (5), Germany (2), Spain (3), and the United States (12).

Author : Guillaume Tcherkez,Jaleh Ghashghaie
Publisher : Springer
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319687032

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Plant Respiration: Metabolic Fluxes and Carbon Balance by Guillaume Tcherkez,Jaleh Ghashghaie Pdf

There are currently intense efforts devoted to understand plant respiration (from genes toecosystems) and its regulatory mechanisms; this is because respiratory CO2 productionrepresents a substantial carbon loss in crops and in natural ecosystems. Thus, in addition tomanipulating photosynthesis to increase plant biomass production, minimization ofrespiratory loss should be considered in plant science and engineering. However, respiratorymetabolic pathways are at the heart of energy and carbon skeleton production and therefore, itis an essential component of carbon metabolism sustaining key processes such asphotosynthesis. The overall goal of this book is to provide an insight in such interactions aswell as an up-to-date view on respiratory metabolism, taking advantage of recent advancesand concepts, from fluxomics to natural isotopic signal of plant CO2 efflux. It is thus a nonoverlapping,complement to Volume 18 in this series (Plant Respiration From Cell toEcosystem) which mostly deals with mitochondrial electron fluxes and plant-scale respiratorylosses.

Author : Mohammad Pessarakli
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 997 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2001-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780824741341

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Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology by Mohammad Pessarakli Pdf

With contributions from over 70 international experts, this reference provides comprehensive coverage of plant physiological stages and processes under both normal and stressful conditions. It emphasizes environmental factors, climatic changes, developmental stages, and growth regulators as well as linking plant and crop physiology to the production of food, feed, and medicinal compounds. Offering over 300 useful tables, equations, drawings, photographs, and micrographs, the book covers cellular and molecular aspects of plant and crop physiology, plant and crop physiological responses to heavy metal concentration and agrichemicals, computer modeling in plant physiology, and more.

Author : Melvin Calvin,Andrew Alm Benson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 10 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1948
Category : Carbon
ISBN : UOM:39015086446815

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The Path of Carbon in Photosynthesis by Melvin Calvin,Andrew Alm Benson Pdf

Author : Parvaiz Ahmad,M.N.V. Prasad
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461408154

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Environmental Adaptations and Stress Tolerance of Plants in the Era of Climate Change by Parvaiz Ahmad,M.N.V. Prasad Pdf

Climate change is a complex phenomenon with a wide range of impacts on the environment. Biotic and abiotic stress are a result of climate change. Abiotic stress is caused by primary and secondary stresses which are an impediment to plant productivity. Prolonged exposure to these stresses results in altered metabolism and damage to biomolecules. Plants evolve defense mechanisms to withstand these stresses, e.g. synthesis of osmolytes, osmoprotectants, and antioxidants. Stress responsive genes and gene products including expressed proteins are implicated in conferring tolerance to the plant. This volume will provide the reader with a wide spectrum of information, including vital references. It also provides information as to how phytoconstituents, hormones and plant associated microbes help the plants to tolerate the stress. This volume also highlights the use of plant resources for ameliorating soil contaminants such as heavy metals. Dr. Parvaiz is Assistant professor in Botany at A.S. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. He has completed his post-graduation in Botany in 2000 from Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India. After his Ph.D from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, India in 2007 he joined the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi. He has published more than 20 research papers in peer reviewed journals and 4 book chapters. He has also edited a volume which is in press with Studium Press Pvt. India Ltd., New Delhi, India. Dr. Parvaiz is actively engaged in studying the molecular and physio-biochemical responses of different plants (mulberry, pea, Indian mustard) under environmental stress. Prof. M.N.V. Prasad is a Professor in the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of Hyderabad, India. He received B.Sc. (1973) and M.Sc. (1975) degrees from Andhra University, India, and the Ph.D. degree (1979) in botany from the University of Lucknow, India. Prasad had published 216 articles in peer reviewed journals and 82 book chapters and conference proceedings in the broad area of environmental botany and heavy metal stress in plants. He is the author, co-author, editor, or co-editor for eight books. He is the recipient of Pitamber Pant national Environment Fellowship of 2007 awarded by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.

Author : C.H. Foyer,Graham Noctor
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2002-12-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780792363361

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Photosynthetic Nitrogen Assimilation and Associated Carbon and Respiratory Metabolism by C.H. Foyer,Graham Noctor Pdf

This book focuses on the very latest developments in our understanding of how plants use light energy and fixed carbon to assimilate nitrate and ammonium into the organic compounds required for growth. From the partitioning of organic nitrogen within the photosynthetic apparatus, through the primary processes of reduction of nitrate and nitrite and the assimilation of ammonium and its cycling in photorespiration, the complex interactions inherent in the crosstalk between carbon and nitrogen assimilation are considered and exciting new developments such as nitric oxide production evaluated. Attention is paid throughout to the close coordination of photosynthetic and respiratory processes in nitrogen assimilation. Emerging concepts of the interdependence of chloroplasts and mitochondria are described, and essential communication, transport and signalling processes are highlighted.

Author : Julian J. Eaton-Rye,Baishnab C. Tripathy,Thomas D. Sharkey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 874 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400715790

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Photosynthesis by Julian J. Eaton-Rye,Baishnab C. Tripathy,Thomas D. Sharkey Pdf

“Photosynthesis: Plastid Biology, Energy Conversion and Carbon Assimilation” was conceived as a comprehensive treatment touching on most of the processes important for photosynthesis. Most of the chapters provide a broad coverage that, it is hoped, will be accessible to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers looking to broaden their knowledge of photosynthesis. For biologists, biochemists, and biophysicists, this volume will provide quick background understanding for the breadth of issues in photosynthesis that are important in research and instructional settings. This volume will be of interest to advanced undergraduates in plant biology, and plant biochemistry and to graduate students and instructors wanting a single reference volume on the latest understanding of the critical components of photosynthesis.