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Crime and Corruption in New Democracies by J. Moran Pdf
One of the dark sides to democratization can be crime and corruption. This book looks at the way political liberalization affects these practices in a number of ways whilst also challenging some of the scare stories about democracy. The book also brings the politics of power back into an examination of corruption.
Political Corruption and Organizational Crime by Elizangela Valarini,Markus Pohlmann,Subrata Mitra Pdf
Level of compliance - one of the most important prerequisites of good governance - varies widely across countries of the Global North and the less developed, Global South. Acts of non-compliance, such as electoral irregularities, dubious deals between private and public sectors, questionable role of the justice systems and financial scandals, though they vary greatly across countries, are an omnipresent reality of contemporary life. This volume has brought together a number of case studies of such deviant behavior in political, juridical and corporate fields, from several countries of Asia, Europe and South America, within a common framework. Instead of a moral approach based exclusively on the legality and illegality of the act, the authors of these essays dissect non-compliance analytically, taking culture and context into account. They argue that, while criminal and corrupt dealings deserve to be exposed by all means from an ethical point of view, seen from an interdisciplinary angle, one needs to probe deeper into the dynamic that leads to such non-compliance with the law in the first place.
Corruption in Contemporary Politics by M. Bull,J. Newell Pdf
Political corruption has recently emerged as a key area in the study of advanced industrial nations. Not only has it become more visible than in the past, its sheer scale in some countries has had a significant impact on the functioning of their political institutions. Martin Bull and James Newell have assembled a group of experts to address the importance of this phenomenon for contemporary Western democracies - as well as for the new democracies of Eastern Europe, for the European Union and at the international level.
Organised Crime and the Challenge to Democracy by Felia Allum,Renate Siebert Pdf
This innovative book investigates the paradoxical situation whereby organized crime groups, authoritarian in nature and anti-democratic in practice, perform at their best in democratic countries. It uses examples from the United States, Japan, Russia, South America, France, Italy and the European Union.
The Self-restraining State by Andreas Schedler,Larry Jay Diamond,Marc F. Plattner Pdf
This text states that democratic governments must be accountable to the electorate; but they must also be subject to restraint and oversight by other public agencies. The state must control itself. This text explores how new democracies can achieve this goal.
Drugs & Democracy in Rio de Janeiro by Enrique Desmond Arias Pdf
Taking an ethnographic approach to understanding urban violence, Enrique Desmond Arias examines the ongoing problems of crime and police corruption that have led to widespread misery and human rights violations in many of Latin America's new democracies.
Democracy, Crime, and Justice by Susanne Karstedt,Gary D. LaFree Pdf
As a growing number of nations embark on a path to democracy, criminologists have become increasingly interested and engaged in the challenges, concerns, and questions connecting democracy with both crime and criminal justice. Rising levels of violence and street crime, white collar crime and corruption both in countries where democracy is securely in place and where it is struggling, have fuelled a deepening skepticism as to the capacity of democracy to deliver on its promise of security and justice for all citizens. What role does crime and criminal justice play in the future of democracy and for democratic political development on a global level? The editors of this special volume of The Annals realized the importance of collecting research from a broad spectrum of countries and covering a range of problems that affect citizens, politicians, and criminal justice officials. The articles here represent a solid balance between mature democracies like the U.S. and U.K. as well as emerging democracies around the globe – specifically in Latin America, Africa and Eastern Europe. They are based on large and small cross-national samples, regional comparisons, and case studies. Each contribution addresses a seminal question for the future of democratic political development across the globe. What is the role of criminal justice in the process of building democracy and instilling confidence in its institutions? Is there a role for unions in democratizing police forces? What is the impact of widespread disenfranchisement of felons on democratic citizenship and the life of democratic institutions? Under what circumstances do mature democracies adopt punitive sentencing regimes? Addressing sensitive topics such as relations between police and the Muslim communities of Western Europe in the wake of terrorist attacks, this volume also sheds light on the effects of terrorism on mature democracies under increasing pressure to provide security for their citizens. By taking a broad vantage point, this collection of research delves into complex topics such as the relationship between the process of democratization and violent crime waves; the impact of rising crime rates on newly established as well as secure democracies; how crime may endanger the transition to democracy; and how existing practices of criminal justice in mature democracies affect their core values and institutions. The collection of these insightful articles not only begins to fill a gap in criminological research but also addresses issues of critical interest to political scientists as well as other social and behavioral scientists and scholars. Taking a fresh approach to the intersection of crime, criminal justice, and democracy, this volume of The Annals is a must-read for criminologists and political scientists and provides a solid foundation for further interdisciplinary research.
Policing Developing Democracies by Mercedes S. Hinton,Tim Newburn Pdf
There are enormous challenges in establishing policing systems in young democracies. Such societies typically have a host of unresolved pressing social, economic and political questions that impinge on policing and the prospects for reform. There are a series of hugely important questions arising in this context, to do with the emergence of the new security agenda, the problems of transnational crime and international terrorism, the rule of law and the role of the police, security services and the military. This is a field that is not only of growing academic interest but is now the focus of a very significant police reform ‘industry’. Development agencies and entrepreneurs are involved around the globe in attempts to establish democratic police reforms in countries with little or no history of such activity. Consequently, there is a growing literature in this field, but as yet no single volume that brings together the central developments. This book gathers together scholars from political science, international relations and criminology to focus on the issues raised by policing within developing democracies examining countries in Eastern Europe, Asia, South America and Africa.
The Politics of Crime in Mexico by John Bailey Pdf
What kind of democracy will emerge in Mexico when the current levels of violence are brought under control? Will democratic reformers gain strength in the new equilibrium between government and criminal organizations? Or will corruption tilt the balance toward criminal interests? In the context of these questions, John Bailey explores the security trap in which Mexico is currently caught where the dynamics of crime, violence, and corruption conspire to override efforts to put the country on a path toward democratic governance. --Provided by publisher.
"The papers and presentations collected in this volume were given at the conference Political Institutions, Processes and Corruption in Transition States in East-Central Europe and in the former Soviet Union' organized by The Institute for Constitutional & Legislative Policy" -- P. [7].
Author : Alan Doig,Robin Theobald Publisher : Taylor & Francis US Page : 180 pages File Size : 54,6 Mb Release : 2000 Category : Political Science ISBN : 0714680575
The Politics of Crime in Mexico by John Bailey Pdf
What kind of democracy will emerge in Mexico when the current levels of violence are brought under control? Will democratic reformers gain strength in the new equilibrium between government and criminal organizations? Or will corruption tilt the balance toward criminal interests? In the context of these questions, John Bailey explores the ¿security trap¿ in which Mexico is currently caught¿where the dynamics of crime, violence, and corruption conspire to override efforts to put the country on a path toward democratic governance.
How Capitalism and the Liberal Market-system Fostered Organized Crime, Corruption and Ecocide by Rodolfo Apreda Pdf
"This book puts forward an innovative standpoint for politics and governance that seeks meaningful connections with organized crime, corruption and ecocide. Looking into the sources of their growth and global spread, it upholds that capitalism, the market system and economic liberalism have nourished and enabled such developments, while criminal organizations, corrupt politicians, businessmen and multinationals engaged in ecocide have been evolving and bringing havoc to countries and their populations alike. Furthermore, it intimates how organized crime, corruption and ecocide have thrived and turned out to be a conspicuous and wide-ranging player not only in governance but also in politics worldwide. When we ask ourselves why such developments took place, the answer would disclose an outrageous picture: this process simply unfolded from using the same toolkit of resources, regulations, skills, and technological innovations that capitalism and the market system had been providing to the formal habitats of legal economy and politics since the nineteenth century; needless too say, with the help of an ideology entangled in economic liberalism and its latest outgrowth, neo liberalism. We could wonder why criminal organizations and political malfeasance were both able to carry out this way so far. The answer will shock everybody: because those organizations were allowed, firstly, to set up efficacious governances to profit from crime and, secondly, politics furnished them with clout, connivance, and power to handle riches and spoils. To countervail the hideous workings of a system that faces its reckoning days and own demise, the book finally puts forward that the social democracy is the best qualified political system to build up the road towards post capitalism. Let us take a look on the roadmap for this work. In chapter 1 we will lay the grounds to a comprehensive treatment of governance and politics, which must be assessed as complementary stages in pursuit of the common good[1]. Besides, political networks and their governance will be brought to the shore since they are changing the way politics is being crafted at the end of the day. Chapter 2 will focus on the basic tenets of sound governance and politics: firstly, accountability (as the interplay of both commitments and responsibilities) and, secondly, transparency. Against the mainstream approach, it will be ascertained that both features must be regarded as social learning processes. Finally, it will highlight the governance and politics of secrecy. It is for chapter 3 to deal with political conflict systems, claiming for a clinical approach to conflicts of interest, also introducing the notion and scope of dual governance that proves essential whenever we address the subject of state-owned firms. Chapter 4 will enlarge upon dysfunctional and opaque styles of governances, moving on to the capture of the state by groups of interest and spreading corruption. Due heed will be given to regulation, gatekeepers and connivance. Chapter 5 is devoted to the governance and politics of organized crime and ecocide, what amounts to a new approach to criminal organizations that sheds light to their partnership with bad governance and worse politics. Chapter 6 points out to the comprehensive failure of both capitalism and the so-called liberal market-system. Markets in the flesh will be described further, whereas several misunderstandings involved in the predicated coalescence between capitalism and democracy will be debunked eventually. Afterwards, the hideous consequences of the business interests of the military industrial complex in the most powerful countries, as well as the shock doctrine advocated by most graduates from the so-called Chicago School economists (joining forces with followers of the Washington Consensus) will be related together so as to connect the dots that lead to the crumbling of capitalism. Finally, the last chapter gathers the threads that run through the foregoing ones, so as to shape the following two lines of argument: It seems rather implausible that within the current architecture of capitalism and economic liberalism, the above-mentioned triad could be curbed, not least uprooted. And this should not be surprising, since the triad embodies and assimilates countless black holes streamlined in the incumbent political and economic structure. In this day and age, post capitalism cannot be regarded any longer as some utopian destination, but instead as a sheer need for redressing the wrongs of rampant social inequality and widespread spate of criminal behavior. That is why this book advocates that social democracy, social markets, and the welfare state will stand for post capitalism, within healthy representative democracies. [1] The reader will find, at the beginning of each chapter, an abstract as well as an introduction to their main contents"--
Corruption is a threat to democracy and economic development in many societies. It arises in the ways people pursue, use and exchange wealth and power, and in the strength or weakness of the state, political and social institutions that sustain and restrain those processes. Differences in these factors, Michael Johnston argues, give rise to four major syndromes of corruption: Influence Markets, Elite Cartels, Oligarchs and Clans, and Official Moguls. In this 2005 book, Johnston uses statistical measures to identify societies in each group, and case studies to show that the expected syndromes do arise. Countries studied include the United States, Japan and Germany (Influence Markets); Italy, Korea and Botswana (Elite Cartels); Russia, the Philippines and Mexico (Oligarchs and Clans); and China, Kenya, and Indonesia (Offical Moguls). A concluding chapter explores reform, emphasising the ways familiar measures should be applied - or withheld, lest they do harm - with an emphasis upon the value of 'deep democratisation'.
From Truman to Trump, the deep corruption of our political leaders unveiled. Many critiques of the Trump era contrast it with the latter half of the twentieth century, when the United States seemed governed more by statesmen than by special interests. Without denying the extraordinary vigor of President Trump’s assault on traditional ethical and legal norms, Jonathan Marshall challenges the myth of a golden age of American democracy. Drawing on a host of original archival sources, he tells a shocking story of how well-protected criminals systematically organized the corruption of American national politics after World War II. Marshall begins by tracing the extraordinary scandals of President Truman, whose political career was launched by the murderous Pendergast machine in Missouri. He goes on to highlight the role of organized crime in the rise of McCarthyism during the Cold War, the near-derailment of Vice President Johnson’s political career by two mob-related scandals, and Nixon’s career-long association with underworld figures. The book culminates with a discussion of Donald Trump’s unique history of relations with the traditional American Mafia and newer transnational gangs like the Russian mafiya—and how the latter led to his historic impeachment by the House of Representatives.
