Department Of Defense Biological Safety And Security Program

Author : William Schneider
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437917178

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Department of Defense Biological Safety and Security Program by William Schneider Pdf

DoD is developing defensive capability against biological agents and toxins. This study addresses these themes: Are current and proposed policies in DoD biological safety, security and biological personnel reliability programs adequate to safeguard against accidental or intentional loss/misuse of Biological Select Agents and Toxins (BSAT)? Are current DoD assoc. labs. that use or store BSAT meeting stringent standards for safety, security and personnel reliability? How do DoD programs compare with other gov¿t. agency, academic, and industry programs? How can DoD usefully employ experience in other areas requiring the utmost safety and reliability when handling dangerous material for biosurety policy dev¿t. and implementation?

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on Enhancing Global Health Security through International Biosecurity and Health Engagement Programs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-05-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309671828

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A Strategic Vision for Biological Threat Reduction by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on Enhancing Global Health Security through International Biosecurity and Health Engagement Programs Pdf

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was asked to articulate a 5-year strategic vision for international health security programs and provide findings and recommendations on how to optimize the impact of the Department of Defense (DOD) Biological Threat Reduction Program (BTRP) in fulfilling its biosafety and biosecurity mission. Because BTRP is just one of several U.S. government programs conducting international health security engagement, both the strategic vision and the success of the program rely on coordinating actions with the U.S. government as a whole and with its international partners. This report provides several recommendations for optimizing BTRP success in its current mission and the wider-looking strategic vision it proposes.

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Office for Central Europe and Eurasia,Committee on Prevention of Proliferation of Biological Weapons
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309179515

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The Biological Threat Reduction Program of the Department of Defense by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Office for Central Europe and Eurasia,Committee on Prevention of Proliferation of Biological Weapons Pdf

This Congressionally-mandated report identifies areas for further cooperation with Russia and other states of the former Soviet Union under the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) program of the Department of Defense in the specific area of prevention of proliferation of biological weapons. The report reviews relevant U.S. government programs, and particularly the CTR program, and identifies approaches for overcoming obstacles to cooperation and for increasing the long-term impact of the program. It recommends strong support for continuation of the CTR program.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Laboratory Security and Personnel Reliability Assurance Systems for Laboratories Conducting Research on Biological Select Agents and Toxins
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2010-02-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309145350

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Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Laboratory Security and Personnel Reliability Assurance Systems for Laboratories Conducting Research on Biological Select Agents and Toxins Pdf

The effort to understand and combat infectious diseases has, during the centuries, produced many key advances in science and medicine-including the development of vaccines, drugs, and other treatments. A subset of this research is conducted with agents that, like anthrax, not only pose a severe threat to the health of humans, plants, and animals but can also be used for ill-intended purposes. Such agents have been listed by the government as biological select agents and toxins. The 2001 anthrax letter attacks prompted the creation of new regulations aimed at increasing security for research with dangerous pathogens. The outcome of the anthrax letter investigation has raised concern about whether these measures are adequate. Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins evaluates both the physical security of select agent laboratories and personnel reliability measures designed to ensure the trustworthiness of those with access to biological select agents and toxins. The book offers a set of guiding principles and recommended changes to minimize security risk and facilitate the productivity of research. The book recommends fostering a culture of trust and responsibility in the laboratory, engaging the community in oversight of the Select Agent Program, and enhancing the operation of the Select Agent Program.

Author : Ryan N. Burnette
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-05-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030694647

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Applied Biosecurity: Global Health, Biodefense, and Developing Technologies by Ryan N. Burnette Pdf

This book describes an adaptable biothreat assessment process to complement overall biorisk management programs, incorporating threat management and the unique natures of biological assets. Further, this book examines the nexus between public health, international security, and developing technologies, building a case for augmenting biosecurity to levels beyond the laboratory constraints. With the face of biological and biomedical sciences changing, this book describes how with proper biosecurity development, these can become assets, rather than liabilities, to secure our world from natural and man-made biological disasters. The world is changing rapidly with respect to developing threats, such as terrorism, and dual-use technologies, such as synthetic biology, that are challenging how we think about biosafety and biosecurity. Further, the fields of public health and international security are colliding, as both of these share the common enemy: intentional or natural biological incidents. To date, biosecurity has been limited to laboratory-level application, and complicating efforts, and lacks credentialed biosecurity professionals skilled in both the biological sciences and threat management techniques. The result is a fragmented field of practice, with tremendous need, from the lab to the outbreak. Underpinning these principles is the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, providing a historic milestone to examine biosecurity through a global lens. This book describes biosecurity as a set of practices and principles to be augmented out of the constrained laboratory environment, and applied to larger efforts, such as international threat reduction and biological incident management.

Author : Committee on Anticipating Biosecurity Challenges of the Global Expansion of High-Containment Biological Laboratories,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Policy and Global Affairs,National Academy of Sciences,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-03-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309225762

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Biosecurity Challenges of the Global Expansion of High-Containment Biological Laboratories by Committee on Anticipating Biosecurity Challenges of the Global Expansion of High-Containment Biological Laboratories,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Policy and Global Affairs,National Academy of Sciences,National Research Council Pdf

During July 10-13, 2011, 68 participants from 32 countries gathered in Istanbul, Turkey for a workshop organized by the United States National Research Council on Anticipating Biosecurity Challenges of the Global Expansion of High-containment Biological Laboratories. The United States Department of State's Biosecurity Engagement Program sponsored the workshop, which was held in partnership with the Turkish Academy of Sciences. The international workshop examined biosafety and biosecurity issues related to the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of high-containment biological laboratories- equivalent to United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention biological safety level 3 or 4 labs. Although these laboratories are needed to characterize highly dangerous human and animal pathogens, assist in disease surveillance, and produce vaccines, they are complex systems with inherent risks. Biosecurity Challenges of the Global Expansion of High-Containment Biological Laboratories summarizes the workshop discussion, which included the following topics: Technological options to meet diagnostic, research, and other goals; Laboratory construction and commissioning; Operational maintenance to provide sustainable capabilities, safety, and security; and Measures for encouraging a culture of responsible conduct. Workshop attendees described the history and current challenges they face in their individual laboratories. Speakers recounted steps they were taking to improve safety and security, from running training programs to implementing a variety of personnel reliability measures. Many also spoke about physical security, access controls, and monitoring pathogen inventories. Workshop participants also identified tensions in the field and suggested possible areas for action.

Author : Centers for Disease Control (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Accidents
ISBN : WISC:89030643761

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Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories by Centers for Disease Control (U.S.) Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309486569

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Developing Norms for the Provision of Biological Laboratories in Low-Resource Contexts by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs Pdf

On June 27-28, 2018, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies) convened an international workshop in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on developing norms for the provision of laboratories in low-resource contexts. The U.S. Department of State's Biosecurity Engagement Program requested that the National Academies organize this workshop to engage an international group of organizations that provide funding for construction, upgrades, and maintenance of biological laboratories in countries without the means to build such labs themselves. Twenty-one people from 19 organizations participated. The intent was to advance the conversation about the identification and application of guiding principles and common norms for use by these organizations in their grants, partnerships, and aid. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : United States Government Accountability Office
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-02-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1984167103

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High-Containment Laboratories by United States Government Accountability Office Pdf

High-Containment Laboratories: National Strategy for Oversight Is Needed

Author : Dawn P. Wooley,Karen B. Byers
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781555819637

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Biological Safety by Dawn P. Wooley,Karen B. Byers Pdf

Biological safety and biosecurity protocols are essential to the reputation and responsibility of every scientific institution, whether research, academic, or production. Every risk—no matter how small—must be considered, assessed, and properly mitigated. If the science isn't safe, it isn't good. Now in its fifth edition, Biological safety: Principles and Practices remains the most comprehensive biosafety reference. Led by editors Karen Byers and Dawn Wooley, a team of expert contributors have outlined the technical nuts and bolts of biosafety and biosecurity within these pages. This book presents the guiding principles of laboratory safety, including: the identification, assessment, and control of the broad variety of risks encountered in the lab; the production facility; and, the classroom. Specifically, Biological Safety covers protection and control elements—from biosafety level cabinets and personal protection systems to strategies and decontamination methods administrative concerns in biorisk management, including regulations, guidelines, and compliance various aspects of risk assessment covering bacterial pathogens, viral agents, mycotic agents, protozoa and helminths, gene transfer vectors, zooonotic agents, allergens, toxins, and molecular agents as well as decontamination, aerobiology, occupational medicine, and training A resource for biosafety professionals, instructors, and those who work with pathogenic agents in any capacity, Biological safety is also a critical reference for laboratory managers, and those responsible for managing biohazards in a range of settings, including basic and agricultural research, clinical laboratories, the vivarium, field study, insectories, and greenhouses.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309367868

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Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-Function Research by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences Pdf

On October 17, 2014, spurred by incidents at U.S. government laboratories that raised serious biosafety concerns, the United States government launched a one-year deliberative process to address the continuing controversy surrounding so-called "gain-of-function" (GOF) research on respiratory pathogens with pandemic potential. The gain of function controversy began in late 2011 with the question of whether to publish the results of two experiments involving H5N1 avian influenza and continued to focus on certain research with highly pathogenic avian influenza over the next three years. The heart of the U.S. process is an evaluation of the potential risks and benefits of certain types of GOF experiments with influenza, SARS, and MERS viruses that would inform the development and adoption of a new U.S. Government policy governing the funding and conduct of GOF research. Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-Function Research is the summary of a two-day public symposia on GOF research. Convened in December 2014 by the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, the main focus of this event was to discuss principles important for, and key considerations in, the design of risk and benefit assessments of GOF research. Participants examined the underlying scientific and technical questions that are the source of current discussion and debate over GOF research involving pathogens with pandemic potential. This report is a record of the presentations and discussion of the meeting.

Author : National Defense University
Publisher : NDU Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9781780390406

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Bio-Inspired Innovation and National Security by National Defense University Pdf

Despite the vital importance of the emerging area of biotechnology and its role in defense planning and policymaking, no definitive book has been written on the topic for the defense policymaker, the military student, and the private-sector bioscientist interested in the "emerging opportunities market" of national security. This edited volume is intended to help close this gap and provide the necessary backdrop for thinking strategically about biology in defense planning and policymaking. This volume is about applications of the biological sciences, here called "biologically inspired innovations," to the military. Rather than treating biology as a series of threats to be dealt with, such innovations generally approach the biological sciences as a set of opportunities for the military to gain strategic advantage over adversaries. These opportunities range from looking at everything from genes to brains, from enhancing human performance to creating renewable energy, from sensing the environment around us to harnessing its power.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Review of the Food and Drug Administration's Role in Ensuring Safe Food
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 589 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309163583

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Enhancing Food Safety by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Review of the Food and Drug Administration's Role in Ensuring Safe Food Pdf

Recent outbreaks of illnesses traced to contaminated sprouts and lettuce illustrate the holes that exist in the system for monitoring problems and preventing foodborne diseases. Although it is not solely responsible for ensuring the safety of the nation's food supply, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees monitoring and intervention for 80 percent of the food supply. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's abilities to discover potential threats to food safety and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness are hampered by impediments to efficient use of its limited resources and a piecemeal approach to gathering and using information on risks. Enhancing Food Safety: The Role of the Food and Drug Administration, a new book from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, responds to a congressional request for recommendations on how to close gaps in FDA's food safety systems. Enhancing Food Safety begins with a brief review of the Food Protection Plan (FPP), FDA's food safety philosophy developed in 2007. The lack of sufficient detail and specific strategies in the FPP renders it ineffectual. The book stresses the need for FPP to evolve and be supported by the type of strategic planning described in these pages. It also explores the development and implementation of a stronger, more effective food safety system built on a risk-based approach to food safety management. Conclusions and recommendations include adopting a risk-based decision-making approach to food safety; creating a data surveillance and research infrastructure; integrating federal, state, and local government food safety programs; enhancing efficiency of inspections; and more. Although food safety is the responsibility of everyone, from producers to consumers, the FDA and other regulatory agencies have an essential role. In many instances, the FDA must carry out this responsibility against a backdrop of multiple stakeholder interests, inadequate resources, and competing priorities. Of interest to the food production industry, consumer advocacy groups, health care professionals, and others, Enhancing Food Safety provides the FDA and Congress with a course of action that will enable the agency to become more efficient and effective in carrying out its food safety mission in a rapidly changing world.

Author : Ann Wright
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781437922721

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High-Containment Laboratories by Ann Wright Pdf

U.S. laboratories working with dangerous biological pathogens (commonly referred to as high-containment laboratories) have proliferated in recent years. As a result, the public is concerned about the oversight of these laboratories. The deliberate or accidental release of biological pathogens can have disastrous consequences. This report determines: (1) to what extent, and in what areas, the number of high-containment laboratories has increased in the U.S.; (2) which federal agency is responsible for tracking this expansion and determining the associated aggregate risks; and (3) lessons learned from highly publicized incidents at these laboratories and actions taken by the regulatory agencies. Charts and tables.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2004-04-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309166515

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Giving Full Measure to Countermeasures by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents Pdf

In recent years, substantial efforts have been initiated to develop new drugs, vaccines, and other medical interventions against biological agents that could be used in bioterrorist attacks against civilian populations. According to a new congressionally mandated report from the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council of the National Academies, to successfully develop these drugs, vaccines, and other medical interventions against biowarfare agents, Congress should authorize the creation of a new agency within the Office of the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense. The committee recommended that Congress should improve liability protections for those who develop and manufacture these products, to stimulate willingness to invest in new research and development for biowarfare protection. Giving Full Measure to Countermeasures also identifies other challengesâ€"such as the need for appropriate animal models and laboratories equipped with high-level biosafety protectionsâ€"that will require attention if DoD efforts to develop new medical countermeasures are to be successful.