Digital Authoritarianism In The Middle East

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Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Marc Owen Jones
Publisher : Hurst Publishers
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781787388826

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Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East by Marc Owen Jones Pdf

You are being lied to by people who don’t even exist. Digital deception is the new face of information warfare. Social media has been weaponised by states and commercial entities alike, as bots and trolls proliferate and users are left to navigate an infodemic of fake news and disinformation. In the Persian Gulf and the wider Middle East, where authoritarian regimes continue to innovate and adapt in the face of changing technology, online deception has reached new levels of audacity. From pro-Saudi entities that manipulate the tweets of the US president, to the activities of fake journalists and Western PR companies that whitewash human rights abuses, Marc Owen Jones’ meticulous investigative research uncovers the full gamut of tactics used by Gulf regimes and their allies to deceive domestic and international audiences. In an age of global deception, this book charts the lengths bad actors will go to when seeking to impose their ideology and views on citizens around the world.

The Politics of Cybersecurity in the Middle East

Author : James Shires
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-05-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780197651131

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The Politics of Cybersecurity in the Middle East by James Shires Pdf

Cybersecurity is a complex and contested issue in international politics. By focusing on the 'great powers'--the US, the EU, Russia and China--studies in the field often fail to capture the specific politics of cybersecurity in the Middle East, especially in Egypt and the GCC states. For these countries, cybersecurity policies and practices are entangled with those of long-standing allies in the US and Europe, and are built on reciprocal flows of data, capital, technology and expertise. At the same time, these states have authoritarian systems of governance more reminiscent of Russia or China, including approaches to digital technologies centred on sovereignty and surveillance. This book is a pioneering examination of the politics of cybersecurity in the Middle East. Drawing on new interviews and original fieldwork, James Shires shows how the label of cybersecurity is repurposed by states, companies and other organisations to encompass a variety of concepts, including state conflict, targeted spyware, domestic information controls, and foreign interference through leaks and disinformation. These shifting meanings shape key technological systems as well as the social relations underpinning digital development. But however the term is interpreted, it is clear that cybersecurity is an integral aspect of the region's contemporary politics.

Digital Middle East

Author : Mohamed Zayani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190934873

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Digital Middle East by Mohamed Zayani Pdf

In recent years, the Middle East's information and communications landscape has changed dramatically. Increasingly, states, businesses, and citizens are capitalizing on the opportunities offered by new information technologies, the fast pace of digitization, and enhanced connectivity. These changes are far from turning Middle Eastern nations into network societies, but their impact is significant. The growing adoption of a wide variety of information technologies and new media platforms in everyday life has given rise to complex dynamics that beg for a better understanding. Digital Middle East sheds a critical light on continuing changes that are closely intertwined with the adoption of information and communication technologies in the region. Drawing on case studies from throughout the Middle East, the contributors explore how these digital transformations are playing out in the social, cultural, political, and economic spheres, exposing the various disjunctions and discordances that have marked the advent of the digital Middle East.

Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : J. Karakoç Bakis,Jülide Karakoç
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1137445548

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Authoritarianism in the Middle East by J. Karakoç Bakis,Jülide Karakoç Pdf

Through a unique collection of essays drawn from rich case studies, Authoritarianism in the Middle East provides important insights into the ongoing instabilities of the Middle East, and the authoritarianism and democratisation processes that have led to dramatic socio-political transformations.

New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Ozgun Topak,Merouan Mekouar,Cavatorta
Publisher : EUP
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2024-02-14
Category : History
ISBN : 1474489419

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New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa by Ozgun Topak,Merouan Mekouar,Cavatorta Pdf

Examines new authoritarian practices and state control in MENA countries to target and neutralise dissidents

Modern Middle East Authoritarianism

Author : Noureddine Jebnoun,Mehrdad Kia,Mimi Kirk
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2013-07-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135007317

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Modern Middle East Authoritarianism by Noureddine Jebnoun,Mehrdad Kia,Mimi Kirk Pdf

While the Arab uprisings have overturned the idea of Arab "exceptionalism," or the acceptance of authoritarianism, better analysis of authoritarianism’s resilience in pre- and post-uprising scenarios is still needed. Modern Middle East Authoritarianism: Roots, Ramifications, and Crisis undertakes this task by addressing not only the mechanisms that allowed Middle Eastern regimes to survive and adapt for decades, but also the obstacles that certain countries face in their current transition to democracy. This volume analyzes the role of ruling elites, Islamists, and others, as well as variables such as bureaucracy, patronage, the strength of security apparatuses, and ideological legitimacy to ascertain regimes’ life expectancies and these factors’ post-uprisings repercussions. Discussing not only the paradigms through which the region has been analyzed, but also providing in-depth case studies of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran, the authors arrive at critical conclusions about dictatorship and possibilities for its transformation. Employing diverse research methods, including interviews, participant observation, and theoretical discussions of authoritarianism and political transition, this book is essential reading for scholars of Middle East Studies, Islamic Studies and those with an interest in the governance and politics of the Middle East.

Cyberwars in the Middle East

Author : Ahmed Al-Rawi
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781978810129

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Cyberwars in the Middle East by Ahmed Al-Rawi Pdf

Cyberwars in the Middle East argues that hacking is a form of online political disruption whose influence flows vertically in two directions (top-bottom or bottom-up) or horizontally. These hacking activities are performed along three political dimensions: international, regional, and local. Author Ahmed Al-Rawi argues that political hacking is an aggressive and militant form of public communication employed by tech-savvy individuals, regardless of their affiliations, in order to influence politics and policies. Kenneth Waltz’s structural realism theory is linked to this argument as it provides a relevant framework to explain why nation-states employ cyber tools against each other. On the one hand, nation-states as well as their affiliated hacking groups like cyber warriors employ hacking as offensive and defensive tools in connection to the cyber activity or inactivity of other nation-states, such as the role of Russian Trolls disseminating disinformation on social media during the US 2016 presidential election. This is regarded as a horizontal flow of political disruption. Sometimes, nation-states, like the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain, use hacking and surveillance tactics as a vertical flow (top-bottom) form of online political disruption by targeting their own citizens due to their oppositional or activists’ political views. On the other hand, regular hackers who are often politically independent practice a form of bottom-top political disruption to address issues related to the internal politics of their respective nation-states such as the case of a number of Iraqi, Saudi, and Algerian hackers. In some cases, other hackers target ordinary citizens to express opposition to their political or ideological views which is regarded as a horizontal form of online political disruption. This book is the first of its kind to shine a light on many ways that governments and hackers are perpetrating cyber attacks in the Middle East and beyond, and to show the ripple effect of these attacks.

The Rise of Digital Repression

Author : Steven Feldstein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190057497

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The Rise of Digital Repression by Steven Feldstein Pdf

"A Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Book" -- dust jacket.

The Lure of Authoritarianism

Author : Stephen J. King,Abdeslam M. Maghraoui
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253040893

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The Lure of Authoritarianism by Stephen J. King,Abdeslam M. Maghraoui Pdf

The works collected in The Lure of Authoritarianism consider the normative appeal of authoritarianism in light of the 2011 popular uprisings in the Middle East. Despite what seemed to be a popular revolution in favor of more democratic politics, there has instead been a slide back toward authoritarian regimes that merely gesture toward notions of democracy. In the chaos that followed the Arab Spring, societies were lured by the prospect of strong leaders with firm guiding hands. The shift toward normalizing these regimes seems sudden, but the works collected in this volume document a gradual shift toward support for authoritarianism over democracy that stretches back decades in North Africa. Contributors consider the ideological, socioeconomic, and security-based justifications of authoritarianism as well as the surprising and vigorous reestablishment of authoritarianism in these regions. With careful attention to local variations and differences in political strategies, the volume provides a nuanced and sweeping consideration of the changes in the Middle East in the past and what they mean for the future.

Digital Resistance in the Middle East

Author : Deborah L. Wheeler
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781474422567

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Digital Resistance in the Middle East by Deborah L. Wheeler Pdf

This book argues that Internet diffusion and use in the Middle East enables meaningful micro-changes in citizens' lives, even in states where no Arab Spring revolution occurred. Using ethnographic evidence and taking a comparative perspective, it presents a grass roots look at how new media use fits into the practice of everyday life. It explores why citizens use social media to digitally route around state and other forms of power at work in their lives. This increase in citizen civic engagement, supported by new media use, offers the possibility of a new order of things, from redefining patriarchal power relations at home, to reconfigurations of citizens' relationships with the state, broadly defined. The author argues that new media channels offer pathways to empowerment widely and cheaply in the Middle East.

Liberation Technology

Author : Larry Diamond,Marc F. Plattner
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-07-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781421405681

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Liberation Technology by Larry Diamond,Marc F. Plattner Pdf

Liberation Technology brings together cutting-edge scholarship from scholars and practitioners at the forefront of this burgeoning field of study. An introductory section defines the debate with a foundational piece on liberation technology and is then followed by essays discussing the popular dichotomy of liberation'' versus "control" with regard to the Internet and the sociopolitical dimensions of such controls. Additional chapters delve into the cases of individual countries: China, Egypt, Iran, and Tunisia.

Saddam Hussein's Ba'th Party

Author : Joseph Sassoon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780521193016

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Saddam Hussein's Ba'th Party by Joseph Sassoon Pdf

A unique and revealing portrait of Saddam Hussein's Iraq which was every bit as authoritarian and brutal as Stalin's Russia or Mao's China.

Polarized and Demobilized

Author : Dana El Kurd
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190095864

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Polarized and Demobilized by Dana El Kurd Pdf

After the 1994 Oslo Accords, Palestinians were hopeful that an end to the Israeli occupation was within reach, and that a state would be theirs by 1999. With this promise, international powers became increasingly involved in Palestinian politics, and many shadows of statehood arose in the territories. Today, however, no state has emerged, and the occupation has become more entrenched. Concurrently, the Palestinian Authority has become increasingly authoritarian, and Palestinians ever more polarized and demobilized. Palestine is not unique in this: international involvement, and its disruptive effects, have been a constant across the contemporary Arab world. This book argues that internationally backed authoritarianism has an effect on society itself, not just on regime-level dynamics. It explains how the Oslo paradigm has demobilized Palestinians in a way that direct Israeli occupation, for many years, failed to do. Using a multi-method approach including interviews, historical analysis, and cutting-edge experimental data, Dana El Kurd reveals how international involvement has insulated Palestinian elites from the public, and strengthened their ability to engage in authoritarian practices. In turn, those practices have had profound effects on society, including crippling levels of polarization and a weakened capacity for collective action.

New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Özgün E. Topak,Merouan Mekouar,Francesco Cavatorta
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-22
Category : Africa, North
ISBN : 1399518690

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New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa by Özgün E. Topak,Merouan Mekouar,Francesco Cavatorta Pdf

This work examines the new authoritarian practices MENA countries developed in the aftermath of the major uprisings in the region. These include new forms of digital surveillance (such as through internet, social media, and spyware), new protest policing practices, new forms of control over the judiciary, civil society and media, and new security and communication laws and state of emergencies.

Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Marc Owen Jones
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780197676509

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Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East by Marc Owen Jones Pdf

You are being lied to by people who don't even exist. Digital deception is the new face of information warfare. Social media has been weaponised by states and commercial entities alike, as bots and trolls proliferate and users are left to navigate an infodemic of fake news and disinformation. In the Persian Gulf and the wider Middle East, where authoritarian regimes continue to innovate and adapt in the face of changing technology, online deception has reached new levels of audacity. From pro-Saudi entities that manipulate the tweets of the US president, to the activities of fake journalists and Western PR companies that whitewash human rights abuses, Marc Owen Jones' meticulous investigative research uncovers the full gamut of tactics used by Gulf regimes and their allies to deceive domestic and international audiences. In an age of global deception, this book charts the lengths bad actors will go to when seeking to impose their ideology and views on citizens around the world.