Distributed Situation Awareness

Author : Paul M. Salmon,Neville A. Stanton,Daniel P. Jenkins
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317149378

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Distributed Situation Awareness by Paul M. Salmon,Neville A. Stanton,Daniel P. Jenkins Pdf

Having an accurate understanding of what is going on is a key commodity for teams working within military systems. 'Situation awareness' (SA) is the term that is used within human factors circles to describe the level of awareness that operators have of the situation that they are engaged in; it focuses on how operators develop and maintain a sufficient understanding of 'what is going on' in order to achieve success in task performance. Over the past two decades, the construct has become a fundamental theme within the areas of system design and evaluation and has received considerable attention from the human factors research community. Despite this, there is still considerable debate over how SA operates in complex collaborative systems and how SA achievement and maintenance is best supported through system, procedure and interface design. This book focuses on the recently developed concept of distributed situation awareness, which takes a systems perspective on the concept and moves the focus on situation awareness out of the heads of individual operators and on to the overall joint cognitive system consisting of human and technological agents. Situation awareness is viewed as an emergent property of collaborative systems, something that resides in the interaction between elements of the system and not in the heads of individual operators working in that system. The first part of the book presents a comprehensive review and critique of existing SA theory and measurement approaches, following which a novel model for complex collaborative systems, the distributed SA model, and a new modelling procedure, the propositional network approach, are outlined and demonstrated. The next part focuses on real-world applications of the model and modelling procedure, and presents four case studies undertaken in the land warfare, multinational warfare and energy distribution domains. Each case study is described in terms of the domain in question, the methodology employed, and the findings derived in relation to situation awareness theory. The third and final part of the book then concentrates on theoretical development, and uses the academic literature and the findings from the case study applications to validate and extend the distributed SA model described at the beginning of the book. In closing, the utility of the distributed SA model and modeling procedure are outlined and a series of initial guidelines for supporting distributed SA through system design are articulated.

Author : Paul M. Salmon,Gemma Jennie Megan Read,Guy H. Walker,Michael G. Lenné,Neville A. Stanton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317054580

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Distributed Situation Awareness in Road Transport by Paul M. Salmon,Gemma Jennie Megan Read,Guy H. Walker,Michael G. Lenné,Neville A. Stanton Pdf

How can we design transport environments that cater to the situation awareness needs of different end-users? This book answers this question by showcasing how state-of-the-art human factors theory and methods can be used to understand how situation awareness differs across drivers, cyclists, motorcyclists, and pedestrians and creates new designs that cater to these diverse situation awareness needs. Written by experts in the field and based on a major program of work funded by the Australian Research Council, this book outlines the distributed situation awareness model and provides practical guidance on how to study situation awareness naturalistically and how to create designs that support, rather than hinder, situation awareness. The book closes by outlining outline a generic framework to support similar applications in other areas, and discusses future applications in areas such as vehicle automation, artificial intelligence, and cybersecurity. Features Challenges traditional road safety analysis, design processes and conventions Outlines a novel on-road study methodology for analyzing naturalistic interactions among drivers, cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians Presents a review of state-of-the-art situation awareness theory and methods Provides practical guidance on a series of human factors methods Describes a framework to support the design of transport environments Evaluates new intersection concepts that encompass features designed to prevent collisions at intersections

Author : Mica R. Endsley,Betty Bolte,Debra G. Jones
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2003-07-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0748409661

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Designing for Situation Awareness by Mica R. Endsley,Betty Bolte,Debra G. Jones Pdf

Enhancing Situation Awareness (SA) is a major design goal for projects in many fields, including aviation, ground transportation, air traffic control, nuclear power, and medicine, but little information exists in an integral format to support this goal. Designing for Situation Awareness helps designers understand how people acquire and interpret information in complex settings and recognize the factors that undermine this process. Designing to support operator SA reduces the incidence of human error, which has been found to occur largely due to failures in SA. Whereas many previous human factors efforts have focused on design at the perceptual and surface feature level, SA-oriented design focuses on the operator's information needs and cognitive processes as they juggle to integrate information from many sources and achieve multiple competing goals. Thus it addresses design from a system's perspective. By applying theoretical and empirical information on SA to the system design process, human factors practitioners can create designs to support SA across a wide variety of domains and design issues. This book serves as a helpful reference to that end.

Author : Piërre van de Laar,Jan Tretmans,Michael Borth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-02-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461462309

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Situation Awareness with Systems of Systems by Piërre van de Laar,Jan Tretmans,Michael Borth Pdf

This book discusses various aspects, challenges, and solutions for developing systems-of-systems for situation awareness, using applications in the domain of maritime safety and security. Topics include advanced, multi-objective visualization methods for situation awareness, stochastic outlier selection, rule-based anomaly detection, an ontology-based event model for semantic reasoning, new methods for semi-automatic generation of adapters bridging communication gaps, security policies for systems-of-systems, trust assessment, and methods to deal with the dynamics of systems-of-systems in run-time monitoring, testing, and diagnosis. Architectural considerations for designing information-centric systems-of-systems such as situation awareness systems, and an integrated demonstrator implementing many of the investigated aspects, complete the book.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Panel on Human Factors in the Design of Tactical Display Systems for the Individual Soldier
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1997-01-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309175111

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Tactical Display for Soldiers by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Panel on Human Factors in the Design of Tactical Display Systems for the Individual Soldier Pdf

This book examines the human factors issues associated with the development, testing, and implementation of helmet-mounted display technology in the 21st Century Land Warrior System. Because the framework of analysis is soldier performance with the system in the full range of environments and missions, the book discusses both the military context and the characteristics of the infantry soldiers who will use the system. The major issues covered include the positive and negative effects of such a display on the local and global situation awareness of the individual soldier, an analysis of the visual and psychomotor factors associated with each design feature, design considerations for auditory displays, and physical sources of stress and the implications of the display for affecting the soldier's workload. The book proposes an innovative approach to research and testing based on a three-stage strategy that begins in the laboratory, moves to controlled field studies, and culminates in operational testing.

Author : Mica R. Endsley,Daniel J. Garland
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2000-07-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781410605306

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Situation Awareness Analysis and Measurement by Mica R. Endsley,Daniel J. Garland Pdf

A comprehensive overview of different approaches to the measurement of situation awareness in experimental and applied setting, this book directly tackles the problem of ensuring that system designs and training programs are effective at promoting situation awareness. It is the first book to provide a all-inclusive coverage of situation awareness and its measurement. Topics addressed provide a detailed analysis of the use of a wide variety of techniques for measuring situation awareness and situation assessment processes. It provides a rich resource for engineers and human factors psychologists involved in designing and evaluating systems in many domains.

Author : LINDA JOHNSTONE. SORENSEN
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1138629596

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DISTRIBUTED SITUATION AWARENESS IN TEAMWORK. by LINDA JOHNSTONE. SORENSEN Pdf

Author : Dennis A. Vincenzi,Mustapha Mouloua,Peter A. Hancock
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2005-01-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135604325

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Human Performance, Situation Awareness, and Automation by Dennis A. Vincenzi,Mustapha Mouloua,Peter A. Hancock Pdf

In 2000, the Conference on Automation joined forces with a partner group on situation awareness (SA). The rising complexity of systems demands that one can be aware of a large range of environmental and task-based stimulation in order to match what is done with what has to be done. Thus, SA and automation-based interaction fall naturally together and this conference is the second embodiment of this union. Moving into the 21st century, further diversification of the applications of automation will continue--for example, the revolution in genetic technology. Given the broad nature of this form of human-machine interaction, it is vital to apply past lessons to map a future for the symbiotic relationship between humans and the artifacts they create. It is as part of this ongoing endeavor that the present volume is offered.

Author : Michael McNeese,Eduardo Salas,Mica R. Endsley
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780429861604

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Contemporary Research by Michael McNeese,Eduardo Salas,Mica R. Endsley Pdf

The objective of Contemporary Research: Models, Methodologies, and Measures in Distributed Team Cognition is to advance knowledge in terms of real-world interactions among information, people, and technologies through explorations and discovery embedded within the research topics covered. Each chapter provides insight, comprehension, and differing yet cogent perspectives to topics relevant within distributed team cognition. Experts present their use of models and frameworks, different approaches to studying distributed team cognition, and new types of measures and indications of successful outcomes. The research topics presented span the continuum of interdisciplinary philosophies, ideas, and concepts that underline research investigation. Features Articulates distributed team cognition principles/constructs within studies, models, methods, and measures Utilizes experimental studies and models as cases to explore new analytical techniques and tools Provides team situation awareness measurement, mental model assessment, conceptual recurrence analysis, quantitative model evaluation, and unobtrusive measures Transforms analytical output from tools/models as a basis for design in collaborative technologies Generates an interdisciplinary approach using multiple methods of inquiry

Author : Peter Simon Sapaty
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2024-04-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781040009178

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Providing Integrity, Awareness, and Consciousness in Distributed Dynamic Systems by Peter Simon Sapaty Pdf

The ideas of this book originate from the mobile WAVE approach which allowed us, more than a half century ago, to implement citywide heterogeneous computer networks and solve distributed problems on them well before the internet. The invented paradigm evolved into Spatial Grasp Technology and resulted in a European patent and eight books. The volumes covered concrete applications in graph and network theory, defense and social systems, crisis management, simulation of global viruses, gestalt theory, collective robotics, space research, and related concepts. The obtained solutions often exhibited high system qualities like global integrity, distributed awareness, and even consciousness. This current book takes these important characteristics as primary research objectives, together with the theory of patterns covering them all. This book is oriented towards system scientists, application programmers, industry managers, defense and security commanders, and university students (especially those interested in advanced MSc and PhD projects on distributed system management), as well as philosophers, psychologists, and United Nations personnel.

Author : Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1998-08-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309523899

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Modeling Human and Organizational Behavior by Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council Pdf

Simulations are widely used in the military for training personnel, analyzing proposed equipment, and rehearsing missions, and these simulations need realistic models of human behavior. This book draws together a wide variety of theoretical and applied research in human behavior modeling that can be considered for use in those simulations. It covers behavior at the individual, unit, and command level. At the individual soldier level, the topics covered include attention, learning, memory, decisionmaking, perception, situation awareness, and planning. At the unit level, the focus is on command and control. The book provides short-, medium-, and long-term goals for research and development of more realistic models of human behavior.

Author : Sushil Jajodia,Peng Liu,Vipin Swarup,Cliff Wang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2009-10-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781441901408

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Cyber Situational Awareness by Sushil Jajodia,Peng Liu,Vipin Swarup,Cliff Wang Pdf

Motivation for the Book This book seeks to establish the state of the art in the cyber situational awareness area and to set the course for future research. A multidisciplinary group of leading researchers from cyber security, cognitive science, and decision science areas elab orate on the fundamental challenges facing the research community and identify promising solution paths. Today, when a security incident occurs, the top three questions security admin istrators would ask are in essence: What has happened? Why did it happen? What should I do? Answers to the ?rst two questions form the core of Cyber Situational Awareness. Whether the last question can be satisfactorily answered is greatly de pendent upon the cyber situational awareness capability of an enterprise. A variety of computer and network security research topics (especially some sys tems security topics) belong to or touch the scope of Cyber Situational Awareness. However, the Cyber Situational Awareness capability of an enterprise is still very limited for several reasons: • Inaccurate and incomplete vulnerability analysis, intrusion detection, and foren sics. • Lack of capability to monitor certain microscopic system/attack behavior. • Limited capability to transform/fuse/distill information into cyber intelligence. • Limited capability to handle uncertainty. • Existing system designs are not very “friendly” to Cyber Situational Awareness.

Author : Michael McNeese,Eduardo Salas,Mica R. Endsley
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780429861772

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Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Team Cognition by Michael McNeese,Eduardo Salas,Mica R. Endsley Pdf

The background and interwoven streams of team cognition and distributed cognition fermenting together has wielded new nuances of exploration, which continue to be relevant for a theoretical understanding of team phenomena. Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Teams Cognition looks at fundamentals, theoretical concepts, and how theory informs perspectives of thinking for distributed team cognition. The chapters yield a broad understanding of the nature of diverse thinking and insights into technologies, foundations, and theoretical perspectives of distributed team cognition. Features Generates historical patterns and significance that compose developmental trajectories Explains multiple perspectives that incorporate an interdisciplinary understanding that specifies diverse theories Identifies and develops particular challenges resident within team simulation studies and then illustrates research frameworks Highlights and reviews how team simulations are used to produce dynamic experimental results Investigates and studies research variables within distributed team cognition

Author : Dr Daniel P Jenkins,Dr Guy H Walker,Dr Laura A Rafferty,Ms Kirsten M A Revell,Professor Neville A Stanton,Professor Paul M Salmon
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-10-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781409486114

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Digitising Command and Control by Dr Daniel P Jenkins,Dr Guy H Walker,Dr Laura A Rafferty,Ms Kirsten M A Revell,Professor Neville A Stanton,Professor Paul M Salmon Pdf

This book presents a human factors and ergonomics evaluation of a digital Mission Planning and Battle-space Management (MP/BM) system. An emphasis was placed on the activities at the Brigade (Bde) and the Battle Group (BG) headquarters (HQ) levels. The analysts distributed their time evenly between these two locations. The human factors team from Brunel University, as part of the HFI DTC, undertook a multi-faceted approach to the investigation, including: - observation of people using the traditional analogue MP/BM processes in the course of their work - cognitive work analysis of the digital MP/BM system - analysis of the tasks and goal structure required by the digital MP/BM - assessment against a usability questionnaire - analysis of the distributed situation awareness - an environmental survey. The book concludes with a summary of the research project's findings and offers many valuable insights. For example, the recommendations for short-term improvements in the current generation of digital MP/BM system address general design improvements, user-interface design improvements, hardware improvements, infrastructure improvements and support improvements. In looking forward to the next generation digital MP/BM systems, general human factors design principles are presented and human factors issues in digitising mission planning are considered.

Author : Mica Endsley,Debra G. Jones
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781420063585

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Designing for Situation Awareness by Mica Endsley,Debra G. Jones Pdf

The barrage of data overload is threatening the ability of people to effectively operate in a wide range of systems including aircraft cockpits and ground control stations, military command and control centers, intelligence operations, emergency management, medical systems, air traffic control centers, automobiles, financial and business manag