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Author : Yuejin Hua,Hari S. Misra,Anthony Davis
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889741946
Author : Heinz-Peter Nasheuer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789048134717
Since the establishment of the DNA structure researchers have been highly interested in the molecular basis of the inheritance of genes and of genetic disorders. Scientific investigations of the last two decades have shown that, in addition to oncogenic viruses and signalling pathways alterations, genomic instability is important in the development of cancer. This view is supported by the findings that aneuploidy, which results from chromosome instability, is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Chromosomal instability also underpins our fundamental principles of understanding tumourigenesis: It thought that cancer arises from the sequential acquisition of genetic alterations in specific genes. In this hypothesis, these rare genetic events represent rate-limiting ‘bottlenecks’ in the clonal evolution of a cancer, and pre-cancerous cells can evolve into neoplastic cells through the acquisition of somatic mutations. This book is written by international leading scientists in the field of genome stability. Chapters are devoted to genome stability and anti-cancer drug targets, histone modifications, chromatin factors, DNA repair, apoptosis and many other key areas of research. The chapters give insights into the newest development of the genome stability and human diseases and bring the current understanding of the mechanisms leading to chromosome instability and their potential for clinical impact to the reader.
Author : Igor Kovalchuk,Olga Kovalchuk
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 762 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-07-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323856805
Genome Stability: From Virus to Human Application, Second Edition, a volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, explores how various species maintain genome stability and genome diversification in response to environmental factors. Here, across thirty-eight chapters, leading researchers provide a deep analysis of genome stability in DNA/RNA viruses, prokaryotes, single cell eukaryotes, lower multicellular eukaryotes, and mammals, examining how epigenetic factors contribute to genome stability and how these species pass memories of encounters to progeny. Topics also include major DNA repair mechanisms, the role of chromatin in genome stability, human diseases associated with genome instability, and genome stability in response to aging. This second edition has been fully revised to address evolving research trends, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing; conventional versus transgenic genome instability; breeding and genetic diseases associated with abnormal DNA repair; RNA and extrachromosomal DNA; cloning, stem cells, and embryo development; programmed genome instability; and conserved and divergent features of repair. This volume is an essential resource for geneticists, epigeneticists, and molecular biologists who are looking to gain a deeper understanding of this rapidly expanding field, and can also be of great use to advanced students who are looking to gain additional expertise in genome stability. A deep analysis of genome stability research from various kingdoms, including epigenetics and transgenerational effects Provides comprehensive coverage of mechanisms utilized by different organisms to maintain genomic stability Contains applications of genome instability research and outcomes for human disease Features all-new chapters on evolving areas of genome stability research, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing, RNA and extrachromosomal DNA, programmed genome instability, and conserved and divergent features of repair
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814477116
Author : Roger J. A. Grand,John J. Reynolds
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-09-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429876547
DNA Repair and Replication brings together contributions from active researchers. The first part of this book covers most aspects of the DNA damage response, emphasizing the relationship to replication stress. The second part concentrates on the relevance of this to human disease, with particular focus on both the causes and treatments which make use of DNA Damage Repair (DDR) pathways. Key Selling Features: Chapters written by leading researchers Includes description of replication processes, causes of damage, and methods of repair
Author : Qingyi Wei,Dr. Lei Li,Dr. David Chen
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789812700148
This volume describes the elaborate surveillance systems and various DNA repair mechanisms that ensure accurate passage of genetic information onto daughter cells. In particular, it narrates how the cell cycle checkpoint and DNA repair machineries detect and restore DNA damages that are embedded in millions to billions of normal base pairs. The scope of the book ranges from biochemical analyses and structural details of DNA repair proteins, to integrative genomics and population-based studies. It provides a snapshot of current understanding about some of the major DNA repair pathways, including base-excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, homologous recombination, and non-homologous end-joining as well as cell cycle checkpoints and translesion DNA synthesis. One of the particular emphases of the book is the link between inherited DNA repair deficiencies and susceptibility to cancer in the general population. For the first time, the book brings together a collection of review articles written by a group of active and laboratory-based investigators who have a clear understanding of the recent advances in the fields of DNA damage repair and genomic stability and their implications in carcinogenesis, new approaches in cancer therapy, and cancer prevention.
Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181
Author : Kristijan Ramadan,Ivan Dikic
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-02-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889454419
DNA damage response (DDR) is a term that includes a variety of highly sophisticated mechanisms that cells have evolved in safeguarding the genome from the deleterious consequences of DNA damage. It is estimated that every single cell receives tens of thousands of DNA lesions per day. Failure of DDR to properly respond to DNA damage leads to stem cell dysfunction, accelerated ageing, various degenerative diseases or cancer. The sole function of DDR is to recognize diverse DNA lesions, signal their presence, activate cell cycle arrest and finally recruit specific DNA repair proteins to fix the DNA damage and thus prevent genomic instability. DDR is composed of hundreds of spatiotemporally regulated and interconnected proteins, which are able to promptly respond to various DNA lesions. So it is not surprising that mutations in genes encoding various DDR proteins cause embryonic lethality, malignancies, neurodegenerative diseases and premature ageing. The importance of DDR for cell survival and genome stability is unquestionable, but how the sophisticated network of hundreds of different DDR proteins is spatiotemporally coordinated is far from being understood. In the last ten years ubiquitin (ubiquitination) and the ubiquitin-relative SUMO (sumoylation) have emerged as essential posttranslational modifications that regulate DDR. Beside a plethora of ubiqutin and sumo E1-activating enzymes, E2-conjugating enzymes, E3-ligases and ubiquitin/sumo proteases involved in ubiquitination and sumoylation, the complexity of ubiqutin and sumo systems is additionally increased by the fact that both ubiquitin and sumo can form a variety of different chains on substrates which govern the substrate fate, such as its interaction with other proteins, changing its enzymatic activity or promoting substrate degradation. The importance of ubiquitin/SUMO systems in the orchestration of DDR is best illustrated in patients with mutations in E3-ubiquitin ligases BRCA1 or RNF168. BRCA1 is essential for proper function of DDR and its mutations lead to triple-negative breast and ovarian cancers. RNF168 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which creates the ubiquitin docking platform for recruitment of different DNA damage signalling and repair proteins at sites of DNA lesion, and its mutations cause RIDDLE syndrome characterized by radiosensitivity, immunodeficiency and learning disability. In addition, recently discovered the ubiquitin receptor protein SPRTN is part of the DNA replication machinery and its mutations cause early-onset hepatocellular carcinoma and premature ageing in humans. Despite more than 700 different enzymes directly involved in ubiquitination and sumoylation processes only few of them are known to play a role in DDR. Therefore, we feel that the role of ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-related SUMO in DDR is far from being understood, and that this is the emerging field that will hugely expand in the next decade due to the rapid development of a new generation of technologies, which will allow us a more robust and precise analyses of human genome, transcriptome and proteome. In this Research Topic we provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of ubiquitin and SUMO pathways in all aspects of DDR, from DNA replication to different DNA repair pathways, and demonstrate how alterations in these pathways cause genomic instability that is linked to degenerative diseases, cancer and pathological ageing.
Author : James Haber
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781317682318
Genome Stability: DNA Repair and Recombination describes the various mechanisms of repairing DNA damage by recombination, most notably the repair of chromosomal breaks. The text presents a definitive history of the evolution of molecular models of DNA repair, emphasizing current research. The book introduces the central players in recombination. An overview of the four major pathways of homologous recombinational repair is followed by a description of the several mechanisms of nonhomologous end-joining. Designed as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a molecular biology and genetics background, researchers and practitioners, especially in cancer biology, will also appreciate the book as a reference.
Author : Qing Hu,Advaitha Madireddy,Chun-Long Chen,Stefano Gnan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2023-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832514184
Author : Maria Isabel Nogueira Cano,Richard McCulloch,Marcelo Santos Da Silva
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889746309
Author : Jean-Nicolas Volff
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783805580298
Cancer and other genetic human diseases are caused by a variety of mutations, ranging from subtle sequence changes to larger genomic rearrangements and alterations in chromosome number (aneuploidy). With contributions by reputed experts, this book aims to update the knowledge on the multiple mechanisms of genomic instability leading to human disease. Emphasis is given to the different types of genomic sequences involved in disease-related genomic rearrangements as well as to the various exogenous factors increasing the frequency of mutations. Several chapters are dedicated to the dysfunction of important cellular mechanisms like DNA repair and chromosome segregation, which may cause genomic instability and result in tumorigenesis. Important 'caretaker' genes controlling the stability of our genome have been identified through their defect in genomic instability syndromes, which are also extensively reviewed in this volume. This book provides an important update not only for investigators in biology and medicine, but also for physicians and anyone interested in the molecular basis of human disease.
Author : James E. Haber
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : DNA repair
ISBN : OCLC:1310744494
"Genome Stability: DNA Repair and Recombination describes the various mechanisms of repairing DNA damage by recombination, most notably the repair of chromosomal breaks. The text presents a definitive history of the evolution of molecular models of DNA repair, emphasizing current research. The book introduces the central players in recombination. An overview of the four major pathways of homologous recombinational repair is followed by a description of the several mechanisms of nonhomologous end-joining. Designed as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a molecular biology and genetics background, researchers and practitioners, especially in cancer biology, will also appreciate the book as a reference"--
Author : Jan Vijg
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2007-01-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191524585
Aging has long since been ascribed to the gradual accumulation of DNA mutations in the genome of somatic cells. However, it is only recently that the necessary sophisticated technology has been developed to begin testing this theory and its consequences. Vijg critically reviews the concept of genomic instability as a possible universal cause of aging in the context of a new, holistic understanding of genome functioning in complex organisms resulting from recent advances in functional genomics and systems biology. It provides an up-to-date synthesis of current research, as well as a look ahead to the design of strategies to retard or reverse the deleterious effects of aging. This is particularly important in a time when we are urgently trying to unravel the genetic component of aging-related diseases. Moreover, there is a growing public recognition of the imperative of understanding more about the underlying biology of aging, driven by continuing demographic change.
Author : Jac A. Nickoloff,Merl F. Hoekstra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1050 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1998-08-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781592594559
Cutting edge reviews by leading researchers illuminate key aspects of DNA repair in mammalian systems and its relationship to human genetic disease and cancer. Major topics include UV and X-Ray repair, repair of chemical damage, recombinational repair, mismatch repair, transcription-repair coupling, and the role of DNA repair in disease prevention. Extensive up-to-date references and rigorous peer-review of each chapter make this volume definitive and bring it to the active frontiers of research.