Double Booked Effects Of Overlap Between School And Farming Calendars On Education And Child Labor

Author : Allen IV, James
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2024-02-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Double-booked: Effects of overlap between school and farming calendars on education and child labor by Allen IV, James Pdf

Across sub-Saharan Africa, countries with a greater percentage of overlapping days in their school and farming calendars also have lower primary school survival rates. In theory, greater overlap between the school and farming calendars should indeed reduce schooling investments, and farm-based child labor too, as it constrains the time allocation opportunity set for both productive activities. I causally identify such effects by leveraging a four-month shift to the school calendar in Malawi that exogenously changed the number of days that the school calendar overlapped with specific crop calendars, which differentially affected communities based on their pre-policy crop allotments. Using panel data for school-aged children, I find that a 10-day increase in school calendar overlap during peak farming periods significantly decreases school advancement by 0.34 grades (one lost grade for every three children) and the share of children engaged in peak-period household farming by 11 percentage points after four years. Secondary analyses reveal stronger negative schooling impacts for girls and poorer households driven by overlap with the labor-intensive planting period. A policy simulation illustrates that adapting the school calendar to minimize overlap with peak farming periods is a highly cost-effective educational intervention to increase school participation by better accommodating farm labor demand.

Author : T. Paul Schultz,John Strauss
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1055 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2008-03-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780080569420

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Handbook of Development Economics by T. Paul Schultz,John Strauss Pdf

The field of development economics has evolved since volume 3 of the Handbook of Development Economics was published more than a decade ago. Volume 4 takes stock of some of the newer trends and their implications for research in the field and our understanding of economic development. The handbook is divided into four sections which reflect these developments, of which the first deals with agricultural and rural development. Section two is concerned with developments in the theory and evidence regarding public goods and political economy. The third section is focused on the behavior of households and individuals regarding various aspects of human capital investments, in the face of the various constraints, particularly market incentives and public goods. The final section contains papers that describe the different methods now available, both experimental and non-experimental, to conduct program evaluations, as well as describing papers that implement these methods. The authors of the chapters are all experts in the fields they survey and extend, and this volume promises to be an invaluable addition to the Handbooks in Economics series and a useful reference to graduate students, researchers and professionals in the field of development economics. Presents an accurate, self-contained survey of the current state of the field Summarizes the most recent discussions in journals, and elucidates new developments Although original material is also included, the main aim is the provision of comprehensive and accessible surveys

Author : Kevin Watkins
Publisher : Oxfam
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0855984287

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The Oxfam Education Report by Kevin Watkins Pdf

This comprehensive report focuses on the fact that millions of people in poor countries remain uneducated and illiterate - which prevents them from developing the skills they need to escape poverty. The book looks at the underlying causes of the problem and sets out a clear agenda for reform.

Author : FAO
Publisher : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251328460

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FAO framework on ending child labour in agriculture by FAO Pdf

The purpose of the FAO’s framework is to guide the Organization and its personnel in the integration of measures addressing child labour within FAO’s typical work, programmes and initiatives at global, regional and country levels. It aims to enhance compliance with organization’s operational standards, and strengthen coherence and synergies across the Organization and with partners. The FAO framework is primarily targeted at FAO as an organization, including all personnel in all geographic locations. But the framework is also relevant for FAO’s governing bodies and Member States, and provides guidance and a basis for collaboration with development partners. The framework is also to be used as a key guidance to assess and monitor compliance with FAO’s environmental and social standards addressing prevention and reduction of child labour in FAO’s programming.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9280652397

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Child Labour (Print) by Anonim Pdf

Author : Alison Green
Publisher : Ballantine Books
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780399181825

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Ask a Manager by Alison Green Pdf

From the creator of the popular website Ask a Manager and New York’s work-advice columnist comes a witty, practical guide to 200 difficult professional conversations—featuring all-new advice! There’s a reason Alison Green has been called “the Dear Abby of the work world.” Ten years as a workplace-advice columnist have taught her that people avoid awkward conversations in the office because they simply don’t know what to say. Thankfully, Green does—and in this incredibly helpful book, she tackles the tough discussions you may need to have during your career. You’ll learn what to say when • coworkers push their work on you—then take credit for it • you accidentally trash-talk someone in an email then hit “reply all” • you’re being micromanaged—or not being managed at all • you catch a colleague in a lie • your boss seems unhappy with your work • your cubemate’s loud speakerphone is making you homicidal • you got drunk at the holiday party Praise for Ask a Manager “A must-read for anyone who works . . . [Alison Green’s] advice boils down to the idea that you should be professional (even when others are not) and that communicating in a straightforward manner with candor and kindness will get you far, no matter where you work.”—Booklist (starred review) “The author’s friendly, warm, no-nonsense writing is a pleasure to read, and her advice can be widely applied to relationships in all areas of readers’ lives. Ideal for anyone new to the job market or new to management, or anyone hoping to improve their work experience.”—Library Journal (starred review) “I am a huge fan of Alison Green’s Ask a Manager column. This book is even better. It teaches us how to deal with many of the most vexing big and little problems in our workplaces—and to do so with grace, confidence, and a sense of humor.”—Robert Sutton, Stanford professor and author of The No Asshole Rule and The Asshole Survival Guide “Ask a Manager is the ultimate playbook for navigating the traditional workforce in a diplomatic but firm way.”—Erin Lowry, author of Broke Millennial: Stop Scraping By and Get Your Financial Life Together

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1909
Category : Education
ISBN : PRNC:32101076384591

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Journal of Education and School World by Anonim Pdf

Author : International Labour Office
Publisher : International Labour Organization
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Law
ISBN : 9221218732

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Accelerating Action Against Child Labour by International Labour Office Pdf

In its quadrennial Global Report on child labour, the ILO says that the global number of child labourers had declined from 222 million to 215 million, or 3 per cent, over the period 2004 to 2008, representing a "slowing down of the global pace of reduction." The report also expresses concern that the global economic crisis could "further brake" progress toward the goal of eliminating the worst forms of child labour by 2016.

Author : C. Mark Blackden,Quentin Wodon
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780821365625

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Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa by C. Mark Blackden,Quentin Wodon Pdf

The papers in this volume examine the links between gender, time use, and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. They contribute to a broader definition of poverty to include "time poverty," and to a broader definition of work to include household work. The papers present a conceptual framework linking both market and household work, review some of the available literature and surveys on time use in Africa, and use tools and approaches drawn from analysis of consumption-based poverty to develop the concept of a time poverty line and to examine linkages between time poverty, consumption poverty, and ot.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Unesco
Publisher : UNESCO/FAO
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015069183443

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Education for Rural Development by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Unesco Pdf

An international joint study by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and UNESCO's International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) was conducted on education and rural development to review the status of the topic from the standpoint of public policies and the conceptual frameworks on which they are based and also to shed light on what may be called "good practice." The findings of the study are meant to serve not as models, but rather as points of reference for all those who are seeking ways of developing education in rural areas and contributing more effectively to rural development. Chapter I, "Education and Rural Development: Setting the Framework" (David Atchoarena and Charlotte Sedel), provides a contextual and theoretical introduction to the new rural development and poverty reduction thinking, as well as a discussion on the contribution of education to rural development. In Chapter II, "Basic Education in Rural Areas: Status, Issues and Prospects" (Michael Lakin with Lavinia Gasperini), the book reviews in depth the provision of basic education in rural areas and offers some policy directions for improvement. Further exploring a particular dimension of basic education, Chapter III, "Making Learning Relevant: Principles and Evidence from Recent Experiences" (Peter Taylor, Daniel Desmond, James Grieshop and Aarti Subramaniam), devotes specific attention to strategies linking the formal school teaching with students' life environment, including agriculture, and to garden-based learning. The intention is to provide updated information and new insights on much-debated aspects which are often associated with rural areas although their application is much broader. Chapter IV, "Strategies and Institutions for Promoting Skills for Rural Development" (David Atchoarena, Ian Wallace, Kate Green, and Candido Alberto Gomes), shifts the analysis from education to work and discusses the implications of the transformation of rural labor markets for skill development. A particular concern is the rise in rural non-farm employment and the need to enlarge the policy focus from agricultural education and training to technical and vocational education for rural development. This debate is taken further in Chapter V, "Higher Education and Rural Development: A New Perspective" (Charles Maguire and David Atchoarena), which considers higher level skills and the contribution of the tertiary education sector to rural development. Special attention is given to the reform of higher agricultural institutions and lessons based on case studies are provided to document good practice in institutional reform. Finally, Chapter VI, "Main Findings and Implications for Policy and Donor Support" (David Atchoarena with Lavinia Gasperini, Michael Lakin and Charles Maguire), concentrates on the main findings of the study and discusses policy implications and possible responses for donors and countries. (Contains 28 tables, 14 figures, and 64 boxes.).

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 898 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1909
Category : Education
ISBN : PSU:000018557749

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Journal of Education by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 900 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1909
Category : Education
ISBN : UIUC:30112109607264

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The Journal of Education by Anonim Pdf

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789251089811

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From Evidence to Action by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Cash transfers have become a key social protection tool in developing countries and have expanded dramatically in the last two decades. However, the impacts of cash transfers programmes, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, have not been substantially documented. This book presents a detailed overview of the impact evaluations of these programmes, carried out by the Transfer Project and FAO’s From Protection to Production project. The 14 chapters include a review of eight country case studies: Kenya, Ghana, Ethiopia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, as well as a description of the innovative research methodologies, political economy issues and good practices to design cash transfer programmes. The key objective of the book is to enhance the understanding of these development programmes, how they lead to a broad range of social and productive impacts and also of the role of programme evaluation in the process of developing policies and implementing programmes.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : IND:30000064976305

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Agriculture, Food and Nutrition for Africa by Anonim Pdf

Author : Kirsten Majgaard,Alain Mingat
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012-06-26
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780821388907

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Education in Sub-Saharan Africa by Kirsten Majgaard,Alain Mingat Pdf

Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comparative Analysis takes stock of education in Sub-Saharan Africa by drawing on the collective knowledge gained through the preparation of Country Status Reports for more than 30 countries.