Drinking Water Research

Author : Dick van der Kooij,Paul W. J. J. van der Wielen,Diego Rosso,Andrew Shaw,Dietrich Borchardt,Ralf Ibisch,Dirk Apgar,Jay Witherspoon,Dominic M. di Toro,Paul R. Paquin,Don Mavinic,Fred Koch,Emmanuelle Guillot,Jean-Francois Loret,Erhard Hoffmann,Hallvard Ødegaard,Francesc Hernandez-Sancho,Maria Molinos-Senante
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780400402

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Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies by Dick van der Kooij,Paul W. J. J. van der Wielen,Diego Rosso,Andrew Shaw,Dietrich Borchardt,Ralf Ibisch,Dirk Apgar,Jay Witherspoon,Dominic M. di Toro,Paul R. Paquin,Don Mavinic,Fred Koch,Emmanuelle Guillot,Jean-Francois Loret,Erhard Hoffmann,Hallvard Ødegaard,Francesc Hernandez-Sancho,Maria Molinos-Senante Pdf

Maintaining the microbial quality in distribution systems and connected installations remains a challenge for the water supply companies all over the world, despite many years of research. This book identifies the main concerns and knowledge gaps related to regrowth and stimulates cooperation in future research. Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies provides an overview of the regrowth issue in different countries and the water quality problems related to regrowth. The book assesses the causes of regrowth in drinking water and the prevention of regrowth by water treatment and distribution. Editors: Dirk van der Kooij and Paul W.J.J. van der Wielen, KWR Watercycle Research Institute, The Netherlands

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Copper in Drinking Water
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2000-04-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309172202

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Copper in Drinking Water by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Copper in Drinking Water Pdf

The safety of the nation's drinking water must be maintained to ensure the health of the public. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating the levels of substances in the drinking water supply. Copper can leach into drinking water from the pipes in the distribution system, and the allowable levels are regulated by the EPA. The regulation of copper, however, is complicated by the fact that it is both necessary to the normal functioning of the body and toxic to the body at too high a level. The National Research Council was requested to form a committee to review the scientific validity of the EPA's maximum contaminant level goal for copper in drinking water. Copper in Drinking Water outlines the findings of the committee's review. The book provides a review of the toxicity of copper as well as a discussion of the essential nature of this metal. The risks posed by both short-term and long-term exposure to copper are characterized, and the implications for public health are discussed. This book is a valuable reference for individuals involved in the regulation of water supplies and individuals interested in issues surrounding this metal.

Author : Patrick Levallois,Cristina Villanueva Belmonte
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783038977261

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Drinking Water Quality and Human Health by Patrick Levallois,Cristina Villanueva Belmonte Pdf

The quality of drinking water is paramount for public health. Despite important improvements in the last decades, access to safe drinking water is not universal. The World Health Organization estimates that almost 10% of the population in the world do not have access to improved drinking water sources. Among other diseases, waterborne infections cause diarrhea, which kills nearly one million people every year, mostly children under 5 years of age. On the other hand, chemical pollution is a concern in high-income countries and an increasing problem in low- and middle-income countries. Exposure to chemicals in drinking water may lead to a range of chronic non-communicable diseases (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disease), adverse reproductive outcomes, and effects on children’s health (e.g., neurodevelopment), among other health effects. Although drinking water quality is regulated and monitored in many countries, increasing knowledge leads to the need for reviewing standards and guidelines on a nearly permanent basis, both for regulated and newly identified contaminants. Drinking water standards are mostly based on animal toxicity data, and more robust epidemiologic studies with accurate exposure assessment are needed. The current risk assessment paradigm dealing mostly with one-by-one chemicals dismisses the potential synergisms or interactions from exposures to mixtures of contaminants, particularly at the low-exposure range. Thus, evidence is needed on exposure and health effects of mixtures of contaminants in drinking water. Finally, water stress and water quality problems are expected to increase in the coming years due to climate change and increasing water demand by population growth, and new evidence is needed to design appropriate adaptation policies. This Special Issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on the current state of knowledge on the links between drinking water quality and human health.

Author : Subcommittee on Arsenic in Drinking Water,Commission on Life Sciences,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1999-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309553674

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Arsenic in Drinking Water by Subcommittee on Arsenic in Drinking Water,Commission on Life Sciences,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council Pdf

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been considering a more stringent regulation of arsenic in water. A significant reduction in the maximum contaminant level (MCL) could increase compliance costs for water utilities. This book discusses the adequacy of the current EPA MCL for protecting human health in the context of stated EPA policy and provides an unbiased scientific basis for deriving the arsenic standard for drinking water and surface water. Arsenic in Drinking Water evaluates epidemiological data on the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health effects of arsenic exposure of Taiwanese populations and compares those effects with the effects of arsenic exposure demonstrated in other countries—including the United States. The book also reviews data on toxicokinetics, metabolism, and mechanism and mode of action of arsenic to ascertain how these data could assist in assessing human health risks from arsenic exposures. This volume recommends specific changes to improve the toxicity analyses and risk characterization. The implications of the changes for EPA’s current MCL for arsenic are also described.

Author : Vladyslav V. Goncharuk
Publisher : Springer
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319043340

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Drinking Water by Vladyslav V. Goncharuk Pdf

This book takes a broad and eclectic view of the water that all humanity depends upon, probing its role in human life and in the history of our planet, as well as surveying the latest scientific understanding of purification techniques and standards for the protection of water quality. The volume opens with a chapter on the role of drinking water in human life, which discusses the planet’s water resources, the quality of drinking water, water and health, the advent of water quality standards, “Green” chemistry and more. The chapter concludes by discussing the relationship of the biosphere and human civilization. Chapter Two explores the unique properties of water, the role of water in the scenario of development on Earth. Also covered is the current understanding of the importance of the isotopic composition of water, in particular the ratio of protium to deuterium, which is fundamental to life. The third chapter is devoted to Water Clusters, examining the structure, properties and formation of clusters. Also covered here is theoretical research on the interaction of water clusters with ozone, the impact of temperature on water clusters and more. Chapter Four is devoted to drinking water and factors affecting its quality. Discussion includes ecological and hygienic classification of centralized drinking water supply sources, water quality requirements, and problems and potentialities of drinking water preparation. The author introduces a new concept for supplying the population with high-quality drinking water. The fifth chapter examines the peculiarities and problems of water decontamination, with sections on chlorination, ozonation, the bactericidal effects of ultrasound and ultraviolet rays and more. Chapter Six offers a thorough exploration of the theory, means and methods of bio testing as an evaluation method for the quality of drinking water. The final chapter discusses new state standards for drinking water, as well as requirements and methods of quality control. The concluding selection relates the urgent need to measure, evaluate and protect the quality of drinking water and describes a new state standard of drinking water quality.

Author : Patrick Sullivan,Franklin J. Agardy,James J.J. Clark
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080457727

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The Environmental Science of Drinking Water by Patrick Sullivan,Franklin J. Agardy,James J.J. Clark Pdf

In today’s chemically dependent society, environmental studies demonstrate that drinking water in developed countries contains numerous industrial chemicals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and chemicals from water treatment processes. This poses a real threat. As a result of the ever-expanding list of chemical and biochemical products industry, current drinking water standards that serve to preserve our drinking water quality are grossly out of date. Environmental Science of Drinking Water demonstrates why we need to make a fundamental change in our approach toward protecting our drinking water. Factual and circumstantial evidence showing the failure of current drinking water standards to adequately protect human health is presented along with analysis of the extent of pollution in our water resources and drinking water. The authors also present detail of the currently available state-of-the-art technologies which, if fully employed, can move us toward a healthier future. * Addresses the international problems of outdated standards and the overwhelming onslaught of new contaminants. * Includes new monitoring data on non-regulated chemicals in water sources and drinking water. * Includes a summary of different bottled waters as well as consumer water purification technologies.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1537 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-09-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123821836

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Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification by Anonim Pdf

Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, Four Volume Set provides a rich source of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from natural and deliberate contaminants, including those that are added because of carelessness of human endeavors. Human development has great impact on water quality, and new contaminants are emerging every day. The issues of sampling for water analysis, regulatory considerations, and forensics in water quality and purity investigations are covered in detail. Microbial as well as chemical contaminations from inorganic compounds, radionuclides, volatile and semivolatile compounds, disinfectants, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals, including endocrine disruptors, are treated extensively. Researchers must be aware of all sources of contamination and know how to prescribe techniques for removing them from our water supply. Unlike other works published to date that concentrate on issues of water supply, water resource management, hydrology, and water use by industry, this work is more tightly focused on the monitoring and improvement of the quality of existing water supplies and the recovery of wastewater via new and standard separation techniques Using analytical chemistry methods, offers remediation advice on pollutants and contaminants in addition to providing the critical identification perspective The players in the global boom of water purification are numerous and varied. Having worked extensively in academia and industry, the Editor-in-Chief has been careful about constructing a work for a shared audience and cause

Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : CORNELL:31924076514698

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Drinking Water Research by United States. General Accounting Office Pdf

Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development,Carol Grove
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : OCLC:30989341

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Drinking Water Treatment for Small Communities by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development,Carol Grove Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Subcommittee to Update the 1999 Arsenic in Drinking Water Report
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2001-11-26
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309170437

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Arsenic in Drinking Water by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Subcommittee to Update the 1999 Arsenic in Drinking Water Report Pdf

Having safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.

Author : Steve E. Hrudey,Elizabeth J. Hrudey
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 501 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2004-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843390428

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Safe Drinking Water by Steve E. Hrudey,Elizabeth J. Hrudey Pdf

Drinking water provides an efficient source for the spread of gastrointestinal microbial pathogens capable of causing serious human disease. The massive death toll and burden of disease worldwide caused by unsafe drinking water is a compelling reason to value the privilege of having safe drinking water delivered to individual homes. On rare occasions, that privilege has been undermined in affluent nations by waterborne disease outbreaks traced to the water supply. Using the rich and detailed perspectives offered by the evidence and reports from the Canadian public inquiries into the Walkerton (2000) and North Battleford (2001) outbreaks to develop templates for understanding their key dimensions, over 60 waterborne outbreaks from 15 affluent countries over the past 30 years are explored as individual case studies. Recurring themes and patterns are revealed and the critical human dimensions are highlighted suggesting insights for more effective and more individualized preventive strategies, personnel training, management, and regulatory control. Safe Drinking Water aims to raise understanding and awareness of those factors that have most commonly contributed to or caused drinking-water-transmitted disease outbreaks - essentially a case-history analysis within the multi-barrier framework. It contains detailed analysis of the failures underlying drinking-water-transmitted disease epidemics that have been documented in the open literature, by public inquiry, in investigation reports, in surveillance databases and other reliable information sources. The book adopts a theme of 'converting hindsight into foresight', to inform drinking-water and health professionals including operators, managers, engineers, chemists and microbiologists, regulators, as well as undergraduates and graduates at specialty level. Key Features: Contains details and perspectives of major outbreaks not widely known or understood beyond those directly involved in the investigations. Technical and scientific background associated with case studies is offered in an accessible summary form. Does not require specialist training or experience to comprehend the details of the numerous outbreaks reviewed. By providing a broad-spectrum review using a consistent approach, several key recurring themes are revealed that offer insights for developing localized, tailor-made prevention strategies.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : MINN:31951D02988376N

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Drinking Water from Forests and Grasslands by Anonim Pdf

Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : SRLF:AA0008488447

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Drinking Water Treatment for Small Communities by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development Pdf

Author : Sibdas Bandyopadhyay
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2024-01-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323972024

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Advances in Drinking Water Purification by Sibdas Bandyopadhyay Pdf

Advances in Drinking Water Purification: Small Systems and Emerging Issues captures the knowledge and impact on the performance of various types of water purification technologies and identities the need for further development with a view to carry forward the SDG global targets of achieving safe and affordable drinking water. The book bridges the knowledge gap between various types of treatability options which is essential for selection of suitable treatment systems and augmentation in the desirable levels of specific contaminants. It focuses on providing the scope of selecting location specific technology options by presenting multiple approaches for treatment of most crucial toxic contaminants/pathogens. In addition, it provides insights into the effect of nature of impurities and selection of treatment options on the global quality of drinking water, comprising its possible impacts on the efficiency of the techniques used and thus on the safety of drinking water. This information is indispensable in identifying the appropriate technology depending on the socioeconomic conditions to address the problem of decontamination in drinking water. Discusses point-of-use devices for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from drinking water Provides a multipronged approach to encourage, recognize, protect and commercialize available options for water purification Includes case studies for field testing/pilot trials Provides an in-depth analysis on the efficacy of small systems with an emphasis on the sustainability, socio-technical aspects and emerging issues

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 2 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : UCR:31210010703534

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The U.S. Geological Survey Drinking Water Initiative by Anonim Pdf