Early Iron Production

Author : Maria Ågren
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1998-03-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781782388036

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Iron-making Societies by Maria Ågren Pdf

The title of this book has a double meaning: on the one hand, it deals with two very different societies both of which made iron in the early modern period. On the other hand, iron "made" these societies: the needs of iron production and the resistance to these demands from local peasant communities gave the societies a special kind of cohesion and rationality. This volume presents the findings of a joint team of Swedish and Russian scholars examining the social organization of work in early modern iron industry and their respective societies. The comparison was carried out against the backdrop of the international discussion on proto-industrialization, its prerequisites and consequences. There has, however, been a certain bias in much of that debate, the focus being mainly on Western Europe, particularly on Britain, and on textile trades. This book offers an important contribution to the debate in that it widens the perspective by discussing Northern and Eastern Europe and by studying the iron industry. More particularly it examines actual production processes, the organization of work, social conflict, questions of ownership and its evolution, as well as the diffusion and organization of technical knowledge. The comparative approach is consistently applied throughout, with each chapter closely integrating the results relating to the two selected geographical areas, thus showing ways of solving some of the problems arising from comparative history.

Author : Brigitte Cech,Thilo Rehren
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Iron industry and trade
ISBN : 2355180415

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Early Iron in Europe by Brigitte Cech,Thilo Rehren Pdf

Thilo Rehren, Brigitte Cech - Early Iron in Europe. An introduction and overviewf arch, p. 70- Brigitte Cech - The production of ferrum Noricum at Hüttenberg, Austria. The results of archaeological excavations carried out from 2003 to 2010 at the site Semlach/Eisner, p. 110- Guntram Gassmann, Andreas Schäfer - Early iron production in Germany - a short review, p. 210- Andreas Schäfer - Early iron production in the Central German Highlands. Current research in the Lahn Valley at Wetzlar-Dalheim (Lahn-Dill-District, Hessen), p. 330.

Author : Donald B. Wagner
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9004096329

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Iron and Steel in Ancient China by Donald B. Wagner Pdf

A study of the production and use of iron and steel in early China, and simultaneously a methodological study of the reconciliation of archaeological and written sources in Chinese cultural history. Includes chapters on the technology of iron production based on studies of artifact microstructures.

Author : Lars Chr Nørbach
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Iron
ISBN : 8787567407

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Early Iron Production by Lars Chr Nørbach Pdf

Author : Paul T. Craddock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009815049

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Early Metal Mining and Production by Paul T. Craddock Pdf

Technical advancement has for millennia been intimately linked to the mining and production of metals, and this book provides a comprehensive history of the early development of extractive metallurgy. Drawing on the latest archaeological discoveries and laboratory investigations, Paul Craddock brings together for the first time the evidence for the very inception of mining and smelting, showing that early techniques were often different from what was previously believed. The book presents much new material throughout and provides new interpretations and insights into many aspects of early metal production right through to the blast furnaces and high-temperature distillation units that heralded the Industrial Revolution. Integrating documentary evidence with metallurgical study and new information from archaeological excavations in Europe, India, North America, and China, this book gives a full and approachable synthesis of mining and metal production everywhere.

Author : Vagn Fabritius Buchwald
Publisher : Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Bronzezeit
ISBN : 8773043087

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Iron and Steel in Ancient Times by Vagn Fabritius Buchwald Pdf

Author : Peter Ridgway Schmidt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : History
ISBN : 0813013844

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The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production by Peter Ridgway Schmidt Pdf

Archaeological and ethnographic investigations in western Tanzania in the 1970s revealed remarkable evidence for a complex and highly advanced iron technology that existed there several thousand years ago. Still, Western scientific and historical practice continues to obscure the history of iron technology and its accomplishments in Africa. Weaving together myth, ritual, history, and science, this work describes the systems of smithing and iron smelting, some of which arose 2,000 to 2,500 years ago. Revealing the world of African technological achievement, the contributors to this work demonstrate that iron production there is a socially constructed activity and that its cultural and technological domains cannot be understood separately.

Author : Peter Ridgway Schmidt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Crafts & Hobbies
ISBN : STANFORD:36105019352231

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Iron Technology in East Africa by Peter Ridgway Schmidt Pdf

The purpose of this study is to recuperate the history of African iron technology.

Author : Geoff Emberling,Bruce Williams
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 1217 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190496272

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The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia by Geoff Emberling,Bruce Williams Pdf

The cultures of Nubia built the earliest cities, states, and empires of inner Africa, but they remain relatively poorly known outside their modern descendants and the community of archaeologists, historians, and art historians researching them. The earliest archaeological work in Nubia was motivated by the region's role as neighbor, trade partner, and enemy of ancient Egypt. Increasingly, however, ancient Nile-based Nubian cultures are recognized in their own right as the earliest complex societies in inner Africa. As agro-pastoral cultures, Nubian settlement, economy, political organization, and religious ideologies were often organized differently from those of the urban, bureaucratic, and predominantly agricultural states of Egypt and the ancient Near East. Nubian societies are thus of great interest in comparative study, and are also recognized for their broader impact on the histories of the eastern Mediterranean and the Near East. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia brings together chapters by an international group of scholars on a wide variety of topics that relate to the history and archaeology of the region. After important introductory chapters on the history of research in Nubia and on its climate and physical environment, the largest part of the volume focuses on the sequence of cultures that lead almost to the present day. Several cross-cutting themes are woven through these chapters, including essays on desert cultures and on Nubians in Egypt. Eleven final chapters synthesize subjects across all historical phases, including gender and the body, economy and trade, landscape archaeology, iron working, and stone quarrying.

Author : James Moore Swank
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1881
Category : Iron industry and trade
ISBN : COLUMBIA:CU55738516

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Statistics of the Iron and Steel Production of the United States by James Moore Swank Pdf

Author : Sasisekaran B
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798666234891

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Iron Industry and Metallurgy by Sasisekaran B Pdf

The Author: Dr. B. Sasisekaran was a Scientist with the National Institute of Ocean Technology, India. The Research: This project was funded by the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi and the research was co-ordinated by the Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Madras.The Book: The author presents in this monograph: the distribution of iron ore, the iron age in Tamil Nadu area, literary references to iron, the iron and steel production centres, the types of furnaces that were in use and the techniques employed to produce iron and wootz steel employing crucible process by ancient and post - medieval communities of South India, particularly in Tamil Nadu, and most importantly metallurgical study of the iron objects found during excavation at these sites.This monograph illustrated with a map, ten line drawings which includes two graphs, twelve tables and 102 multi colour photographs in 40 pages is bound to be useful to archaeologists, metallurgists, historians and the general public interested in the development of metallurgical science in India.Contents of the Book1: Introduction1.1: Previous Research on Early Indian Iron1.2: Distribution of Iron Ore in Tamilnadu1.3: Iron Age Culture in Tamilnadu1.4: Literary References to Iron Industry2: Pre - Industrial Iron and Steel Industry2.1: Iron and Steel Production Centres in Ancient Period2.2: Furnace Technology: Techniques, Types and Methods2.3: Steel - Developments in Production Techniques2.4: Production of wootz Steel by Crucible Process3: Metallurgical Studies of Iron Objects of the Iron Age3.1: Typology of the Objects from Iron Age Sites in Tamilnadu3.2: Guttur3.3: Mallappadi3.4: Kodumanal3.5: Kanchipuram3.6: Mel-Siruvalur3.7: Explored Sites4: Summary

Author : Bernt Rundberget
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004331570

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Tales of the Iron Bloomery by Bernt Rundberget Pdf

In Tales of the Iron Bloomery Bernt Rundberget argues that the ironmaking of southern Hedmark was an important basis for political developments from chiefdom to Norwegian kingdom in the period AD 700-1300.

Author : Harry Scrivenor
Publisher : London, Longman
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1854
Category : Iron industry and trade
ISBN : NYPL:33433079415067

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History of the Iron Trade by Harry Scrivenor Pdf

Author : David Akhmedovich Khakhutaĭshvili
Publisher : British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UOM:39015080731659

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The Manufacture of Iron in Ancient Colchis by David Akhmedovich Khakhutaĭshvili Pdf

This publication makes the evidence for early iron smelting in Georgia available in English for the first time. It presents the results of excavations carried out between 1960 and 1984 on 9 clusters of iron-working sites in western Georgia.

Author : Rob Atkins,Ian Meadows
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781803277523

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Neolithic Pits, Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age Pit Alignments and Iron Age to Roman Settlements at Wollaston Quarry, Northamptonshire by Rob Atkins,Ian Meadows Pdf

Between 1990 and 1998, MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) undertook a series of archaeological excavations within Wollaston Quarry covering an area of 116ha. Eight excavation areas and a watching brief were undertaken revealing evidence of Neolithic pits, late Bronze Age/early Iron Age pit alignments and Iron Age to Roman settlements.