Early Steps To The Foundation Of Modern Turkey Nineteenth Century Reforms And The Young Turk Revolution

Author : Can Esen
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9783656100652

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Early Steps to the foundation of Modern Turkey: Nineteenth Century Reforms and the Young Turk Revolution by Can Esen Pdf

Essay from the year 2011 in the subject History of Europe - Modern Times, Absolutism, Industrialization, grade: A, St. Mary's University, course: Politics of the Middle East, language: English, abstract: The modern Republic of Turkey has been hesitant to embrace its Ottoman past for nearly three quarters of a century following the years of its foundation. During the Ottoman period, majority of the people were living an Islamic lifestyle under the guidance of traditional Islamic shari’a law. This situation was challenging to the modern, secular ideas of the young republic. In order to overcome this problem, the new secular state controlled religious affairs and abolished the institution of Caliphate. Morever, founders of the modern Turkey created a National Assembly and which served as the early steps to the representative democracy. There were series of reforms on the education, military system, women’s rights and general dress code for public places. However, although Ataturk and his friends’ contribution to the Turkish modernization is undeniable, it should be made clear that his ideas were inspired both by the realities of his time and more importantly the reforms of the late Ottoman period. Thus, contrary to what primary level education which is taught in state schools in Turkey suggests, it is hard to claim that he singlehandedly invented all the ideas and reforms concerning the Turkish modernization. In fact, the idea of Turkish modernization long predates the foundation of the secular republic. There had been reforms from top to down during the nineteenth century. These were followed by a new group of intellectuals who were influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment and French Revolution who were called ‘Young Turks’. The Young Turk movement, which was emerged among the students of higher learning schools of Istanbul attracted many other members of the society. The members of the movement were united in their opposition to the personal rule of the Sultan and created the backbone of the modern democratic reforms happened during early years of the modern Turkish Republic (Hanioglu, 2011).

Author : Ernest Edmondson Ramsaur Jr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1258332442

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The Young Turks by Ernest Edmondson Ramsaur Jr Pdf

Author : Ernest Edmondson Ramsaur
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Turkey
ISBN : UCAL:B4447353

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The Young Turks by Ernest Edmondson Ramsaur Pdf

Author : Emine O. Evered
Publisher : I.B. Tauris
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 1780761090

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Empire and Education under the Ottomans by Emine O. Evered Pdf

Once hailed as 'the eternal state', the Ottoman Empire was in decline by the end of the nineteenth century, finally collapsing under the pressures of World War I. Yet its legacies are still apparent, and few have had more impact than those of its schools and educational policies. "Empire and Education under the Ottomans" analyses the Empire's educational politics from the mid-nineteenth century, amidst the Tanzimat reform period, until "The Young Turk Revolution in 1908". Through a focus on the regional impact of decrees from Istanbul, Emine O. Evered unravels the complexities of the era, demonstrating how educational changes devised to strengthen the Empire actually hastened its demise. This book is the first history of education in the Ottoman Middle East to evaluate policies in the context of local responses and resistance, and includes the first published English translation of the watershed 1869 Ottoman Education Law. A stimulating and impressively-researched study, it represents an important new addition to the historiography of the Ottoman Empire and will be essential for those researching its lasting legacy.

Author : Gerard Delanty,Krishan Kumar
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 598 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2006-06-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781446206447

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The SAGE Handbook of Nations and Nationalism by Gerard Delanty,Krishan Kumar Pdf

′With its list of distinguished contributors and its wide range of topics, the handbook is surely destined to become an invaluable resource for all serious students of nationalism′ - Michael Billig, Professor of Social Sciences at Loughborough University and author of ′Banal Nationalism′ (SAGE 1995) ′The persistence - some would say: revival - of nationalism across the recent history of modernity, in particular the past two decades, has taken many scholars in the social sciences by surprise. In response, interest in the analysis of nationalism has increased and given rise to a great variety of new angles under which to study the phenomenon. What was missing in the cacophony of voices addressing nationalism was a volume that brought them together and confronted them with each other. This handbook does just that. It deserves particular praise for the wide range of approaches and topic included and for the systematic attempt at studying nationalism as a phenomenon of our time, not a remnant from the past′ - Peter Wagner, Professor of Social and Political Theory, European University Institute; and Professor of Sociology, University of Warwick ′For students concerned with the contemporary study of nationalism this will be an invaluable publication. The three-fold division into approaches, themes and cases is a very solid and sensible one. The editors have commissioned essays from leading scholars in the field [and]this handbook provides the best single-volume overview of contemporary nationalism′ - John Breuilly, Professor of Nationalism and Ethnicity, London School of Economics Nationalism has long excited debate in political, social and cultural theory and remains a key field of enquiry among historians, anthropologists, sociologists as well as political scientists. It is also one of the critical media issues of our time. There are, however, surprisingly few volumes that bring together the best of this intellectual diversity into one collection. This Handbook gives readers a critical survey of the latest theories and debates and provides a glimpse of the issues that will shape their future. Its three sections guide the reader through the theoretical approaches to this field of study, its major themes - from modernity to memory, migration and genocide - and the diversity of nationalisms found around the globe. The overall aim of this Handbook is to relate theories and debates within and across a range of disciplines, illuminate themes and issues of central importance in both historical and contemporary contexts, and show how nationalism has impacted upon and interacted with other political and social forms and forces. This book provides a much-needed resource for scholars in international relations, political science, social theory and sociology.

Author : Noémı Lévy,François Georgeon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Turkey
ISBN : 1350989428

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The Young Turk Revolution and the Ottoman Empire by Noémı Lévy,François Georgeon Pdf

"The Young Turk Revolution of 1908 reverberated across the Middle East and Europe and ushered in a new era for the Ottoman Empire. The initial military uprising in the Balkans triggered a constitutional revolution, in which social mobilization and the political aspirations of the Young Turks played a crucial role. The Young Turk Revolution and the Ottoman Empire provides a newanalysis of this process in the Balkans and the Anatolian provinces, outlining the transition from revolutionary euphoria to increasing tensions at local and central levels. Focusing on the compromises, successes and failures in the immediate aftermath of 1908, and based on new primary material and Ottoman-Turkish sources, this book represents an essential contribution to our understanding of late Ottoman and modern Turkey."--Bloomsbury Publishing.

Author : Stefano Taglia
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-04
Category : Exiles
ISBN : 0815357869

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Intellectuals and Reform in the Ottoman Empire by Stefano Taglia Pdf

This book uncovers Young Turk political and social ideas at the end of the nineteenth century, during the intellectual phase of the movement. Analysing the life in exile of two of the most charismatic leaders of the Young Turk movement, Ahmed Rıza and Mehmet Sabahattin, the book unravels their plans for the future of the Ottoman Empire, covering issues of power, religion, citizenship, minority rights, the role of the West, and the accountability of the Sultan. The book follows Rıza and Sabahattin through their association with philosophical circles, and highlights how their emphasis on intellectualism and elitism had a twofold effect. On the one hand, seeing themselves as enlightened and entrusted with a mission, they engaged in enduring debates, leaving an important legacy for both Ottoman and Republican rule. On the other hand, the rigidity resulting from elitism and intellectualism prevented the conception of concrete plans for change, causing a schism at the 1902 Congress of Ottoman Liberals and marking the end of the intellectual phase. Using bilingual period journals, contemporary accounts, police archives and political and philosophical treaties, this book is of interest to students, scholars and researchers of Middle East and Ottoman History, and Political Science more broadly.

Author : Ahmad Feroz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2002-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134898916

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The Making of Modern Turkey by Ahmad Feroz Pdf

Textbook providing a thorough assessment of the political, social and economic processes which led to the formation of a new Turkey; socio-economic change is emphasised throughout.

Author : Brian Mello
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2013-08-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781441111074

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Evaluating Social Movement Impacts by Brian Mello Pdf

Some social movements bring in quick, radical political and social changes while others get incorporated into existing systems or subjected to harsh repression. This book examines why social movements elicit different policy responses and their varying impact on the societies in which they occur. It also seeks to understand why seemingly inconsequential movements can nonetheless have enduring effects. These issues are explored through the comparative historical analysis of four labor movements, in the UK and the U.S. in the late 1800s -early 1900s, in Japan from 1945 to 1960, and in Turkey during the mid to late 1900s, which is the book's primary case study. Turkey's labor movement, although often seen as a failure, greatly influenced state-society relations and contemporary Turkish politics. This significant study offers a new framework of analysis by focusing on social movement impacts rather than successes or failures. This leads to having to reconsider the enduring effects of repressed or failed movements. By doing so, it will help researchers study the likely impact of social movements in today's politics.

Author : Soli Shahvar
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780857712714

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The Forgotten Schools by Soli Shahvar Pdf

By the end of the nineteenth century it became evident to Iran's ruling Qajar elite that the state's contribution to the promotion of modern education in the country was unable to meet the growing expectations set by Iranian society. Muzaffar al-Din Shah sought to remedy this situation by permitting the entry of the private sector into the field of modern education and in 1899 the first Baha'i school was established in Tehran. By the 1930s there were dozens of Baha'i schools. Their high standards of education drew many non-Baha'i students, from all sections of society.Here Soli Shahvar assesses these 'forgotten schools' and investigates why they proved so popular not only with Baha'is, but Zoroastrians, Jews and especially Muslims. Shahvar explains why they were closed by the reformist Reza Shah in the late 1930s and the subsequent fragility of the Baha'is position in Iran.

Author : Asa Lundgren
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2007-03-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780857717719

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The Unwelcome Neighbour by Asa Lundgren Pdf

Asa Lundgren explores Turkish policy towards northern Iraq from the beginning of the 1990s to the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 and draws important conclusions about the relation between nation-building and foreign policy. The author argues that there is a crucial interplay between the protection of state borders, foreign policy practice and the construction of national identity. Turkey's policy towards northern Iraq during the last decade can be described as a balancing act where the integrity of the Turkish-Iraqi border was firmly defended by Ankara, while at the same time it was consistently violated through Turkish military incursions against a perceived Kurdish threat and by the permanent military presence of the Turkish army on Iraqi territory. The author's highly original proposition is that Ankara's policy opposition to all attempts to break up Iraq along ethnic lines was a mirror image of an almost obession-like concern with the unity of the Turkish nation state.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 864 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1917
Category : Eastern question (Balkan)
ISBN : CHI:103354124

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Great Britain and the East ... by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1486 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Christianity and other religions
ISBN : UVA:X030532280

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The Moslem World by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 938 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Islam
ISBN : UIUC:30112111021876

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The Muslim World by Anonim Pdf

Author : Hasan Kayali
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2023-09-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520917576

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Arabs and Young Turks by Hasan Kayali Pdf

Arabs and Young Turks provides a detailed study of Arab politics in the late Ottoman Empire as viewed from the imperial capital in Istanbul. In an analytical narrative of the Young Turk period (1908-1918) historian Hasan Kayali discusses Arab concerns on the one hand and the policies of the Ottoman government toward the Arabs on the other. Kayali's novel use of documents from the Ottoman archives, as well as Arabic sources and Western and Central European documents, enables him to reassess conventional wisdom on this complex subject and to present an original appraisal of proto-nationalist ideologies as the longest-living Middle Eastern dynasty headed for collapse. He demonstrates the persistence and resilience of the supranational ideology of Islamism which overshadowed Arab and Turkish ethnic nationalism in this crucial transition period. Kayali's study reaches back to the nineteenth century and highlights both continuity and change in Arab-Turkish relations from the reign of Abdulhamid II to the constitutional period ushered in by the revolution of 1908. Arabs and Young Turks is essential for an understanding of contemporary issues such as Islamist politics and the continuing crises of nationalism in the Middle East.