Elite Rivalry Mass Killing And Genocide In Authoritarian Regimes

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Elite Rivalry, Mass Killing and Genocide in Authoritarian Regimes

Eelco Van der Maat
Elite Rivalry Mass Killing and Genocide in Authoritarian Regimes Book PDF

Author : Eelco Van der Maat
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Authoritarianism
ISBN : 0367529610

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Elite Rivalry, Mass Killing and Genocide in Authoritarian Regimes by Eelco Van der Maat Pdf

"This book explains how mass killing is driven by elite politics within authoritarian regimes. Mass killing and genocide defy reason and explanation. How can genocidal elites present defenceless victims as an existential threat? Why use indiscriminate killing that drives victims to coordinated resistance? Mass killing seems counterproductive, irrational, and therefore inherently ideological. By building on new insights on authoritarian politics, this book argues that mass killing is not ideological, but instead is a rational response to elite rivalry within authoritarian regimes. Mass killing is therefore not driven by rivalries between groups, but by elite rivalry within groups. In Rwanda for example, the genocide was not driven by conflicts between Hutu and Tutsi, but by conflicts within the Hutu regime. The work demonstrates how mass killing helps elites build coalitions with groups that benefit from violence and how it divides support coalitions of rival elites. Mass killing can therefore help elites win dangerous internal rivalries. By qualitatively and quantitatively exploring elite rivalry and mass killing, the book provides a new explanation for a host of mass killings and genocides. It demonstrates that well-known genocides, such as the Rwandan and Cambodian genocides, which are seemingly ideological are instead better explained by elite rivalry. Mass killing is therefore not driven by the random madness of leaders, nor by the desire to kill an outgroup, but by the internal threats that authoritarian elites face. This book will be of much interest to scholars and students of civil wars, genocide, political violence, and International Relations in general"--

The Politics of Mass Killing in Autocratic Regimes

Bumba Mukherjee,Ore Koren
The Politics of Mass Killing in Autocratic Regimes Book PDF

Author : Bumba Mukherjee,Ore Koren
Publisher : Springer
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319917580

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The Politics of Mass Killing in Autocratic Regimes by Bumba Mukherjee,Ore Koren Pdf

This book develops a detailed, disaggregated theoretical and empirical framework that explains variations in mass killing by authoritarian regimes globally, with a specific focus on Pakistan, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Using a combination of game-theoretic, statistical, and qualitative approaches, this project explicates when civilians within nondemocratic states will mobilize against the ruling elite, and when such mobilization will result in mass killing. In doing so, it illustrates the important role urbanization and food insecurity historically played, and will continue to play, in generating extreme forms of civilian victimization.

Elite Rivalry, Mass Killing and Genocide in Authoritarian Regimes

Eelco van der Maat
Elite Rivalry Mass Killing and Genocide in Authoritarian Regimes Book PDF

Author : Eelco van der Maat
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781040043912

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Elite Rivalry, Mass Killing and Genocide in Authoritarian Regimes by Eelco van der Maat Pdf

This book explains how mass killing is driven by elite politics within authoritarian regimes. Mass killing and genocide defy reason and explanation. How can genocidal elites present defenceless victims as an existential threat? Why use indiscriminate killing that drives victims to coordinated resistance? Mass killing seems counterproductive, irrational, and therefore inherently ideological. By building on new insights on authoritarian politics, this book argues that mass killing is not ideological, but instead is a rational response to elite rivalry within authoritarian regimes. Mass killing is therefore not driven by rivalries between groups, but by elite rivalry within groups. In Rwanda, for example, the genocide was not driven by conflicts between Hutu and Tutsi, but by conflicts within the Hutu regime. The work demonstrates how mass killing helps elites build coalitions with groups that benefit from violence and how it divides support coalitions of rival elites. Mass killing can therefore help elites win dangerous internal rivalries. By qualitatively and quantitatively exploring elite rivalry and mass killing, this book provides a new explanation for a host of mass killings and genocides. It demonstrates that well-known genocides, such as the Rwandan and Cambodian genocides, which are seemingly ideological are instead better explained by elite rivalry. Mass killing is therefore not driven by the random madness of leaders, nor by the desire to kill an outgroup, but by the internal threats that authoritarian elites face. This book will be of much interest to scholars and students of civil wars, genocide, political violence, and International Relations in general.

Ideology and Mass Killing

Jonathan Leader Maynard
Ideology and Mass Killing Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Leader Maynard
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191082665

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Ideology and Mass Killing by Jonathan Leader Maynard Pdf

In research on 'mass killings' such as genocides and campaigns of state terror, the role of ideology is hotly debated. For some scholars, ideologies are crucial in providing the extremist goals and hatreds that motivate ideologically committed people to kill. But many other scholars are sceptical: contending that perpetrators of mass killing rarely seem ideologically committed, and that rational self-interest or powerful forms of social pressure are more important drivers of violence than ideology. In Ideology and Mass Killing, Jonathan Leader Maynard challenges both these prevailing views, advancing an alternative 'neo-ideological' perspective which systematically retheorises the key ideological foundations of large-scale violence against civilians. Integrating cutting-edge research from multiple disciplines, including political science, political psychology, history and sociology, Ideology and Mass Killing demonstrates that ideological justifications vitally shape such violence in ways that go beyond deep ideological commitment. Most disturbingly of all, the key ideological foundations of mass killings are found to lie, not in extraordinary political goals or hatreds, but in radicalised versions of those conventional, widely accepted ideas that underpin the politics of security in ordinary societies across the world. This study then substantiates this account by a detailed examination of four contrasting cases of mass killing - Stalinist Repression in the Soviet Union between 1930 and 1938, the Allied Bombing Campaign against Germany and Japan in World War II from 1940 to 1945, mass atrocities in the Guatemalan Civil War between 1978 and 1983, and the Rwandan Genocide in 1994. This represents the first volume to offer a dedicated, comparative theory of ideology's role in mass killing, while also developing a powerful new account of how ideology affects violence and politics more generally.

Constructing Genocide and Mass Violence

Maureen S. Hiebert
Constructing Genocide and Mass Violence Book PDF

Author : Maureen S. Hiebert
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317755784

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Constructing Genocide and Mass Violence by Maureen S. Hiebert Pdf

This book addresses two closely related questions: what is the process by which the relatively short and violent genocides of the twentieth century and beyond have occurred? Why have these instances of mass violence been genocidal and not some other form of state violence, repression, or conflict? Hiebert answers these questions by exploring the structures and processes that underpin the decision by political elites to commit genocide, focusing on a sustained comparison of two cases, the Nazi ' Final Solution' and the Cambodian genocide. The book clearly differentiates the structures and processes - contained within a larger overall process - that leads to genocidal violence. Uncovering the mechanisms by which societies (at least in the contemporary era) come to experience genocide as a distinct form of destruction and not some other form of mass or political violence, Hiebert is able to highlight a set of key process that lead to specifically genocidal violence. Providing an insightful contribution to the burgeoning literature in this area, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of genocide, international relations, and political violence.

The Path to Genocide in Rwanda

Omar Shahabudin McDoom
The Path to Genocide in Rwanda Book PDF

Author : Omar Shahabudin McDoom
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108491464

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The Path to Genocide in Rwanda by Omar Shahabudin McDoom Pdf

Uses unique field data to offer a rigorous explanation of how Rwanda's genocide occurred and why Rwandans participated in it.

Forgotten Genocides

Rene Lemarchand,René Lemarchand
Forgotten Genocides Book PDF

Author : Rene Lemarchand,René Lemarchand
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2011-06-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780812204384

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Forgotten Genocides by Rene Lemarchand,René Lemarchand Pdf

Unlike the Holocaust, Rwanda, Cambodia, or Armenia, scant attention has been paid to the human tragedies analyzed in this book. From German Southwest Africa (now Namibia), Burundi, and eastern Congo to Tasmania, Tibet, and Kurdistan, from the mass killings of the Roms by the Nazis to the extermination of the Assyrians in Ottoman Turkey, the mind reels when confronted with the inhuman acts that have been consigned to oblivion. Forgotten Genocides: Oblivion, Denial, and Memory gathers eight essays about genocidal conflicts that are unremembered and, as a consequence, understudied. The contributors, scholars in political science, anthropology, history, and other fields, seek to restore these mass killings to the place they deserve in the public consciousness. Remembrance of long forgotten crimes is not the volume's only purpose—equally significant are the rich quarry of empirical data offered in each chapter, the theoretical insights provided, and the comparative perspectives suggested for the analysis of genocidal phenomena. While each genocide is unique in its circumstances and motives, the essays in this volume explain that deliberate concealment and manipulation of the facts by the perpetrators are more often the rule than the exception, and that memory often tends to distort the past and blame the victims while exonerating the killers. Although the cases discussed here are but a sample of a litany going back to biblical times, Forgotten Genocides offers an important examination of the diversity of contexts out of which repeatedly emerge the same hideous realities.

The Dark Side of Democracy

Michael Mann
The Dark Side of Democracy Book PDF

Author : Michael Mann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 596 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : History
ISBN : 0521538548

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The Dark Side of Democracy by Michael Mann Pdf

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"Leave None to Tell the Story"

Alison Liebhafsky Des Forges,Human Rights Watch (Organization)
Leave None to Tell the Story Book PDF

Author : Alison Liebhafsky Des Forges,Human Rights Watch (Organization)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 888 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015043096984

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"Leave None to Tell the Story" by Alison Liebhafsky Des Forges,Human Rights Watch (Organization) Pdf

*** Law and Order

Global Trends 2040

National Intelligence Council
Global Trends 2040 Book PDF

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

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Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Making and Unmaking Nations

Scott Straus
Making and Unmaking Nations Book PDF

Author : Scott Straus
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780801455674

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Making and Unmaking Nations by Scott Straus Pdf

Winner of the Grawmeyer Award for Ideas Improving World Order, 2018 Winner of the Joseph Lepgold Prize Winner of the Best Books in Conflict Studies (APSA) Winner of the Best Book in Human Rights (ISA) In Making and Unmaking Nations, Scott Straus seeks to explain why and how genocide takes place—and, perhaps more important, how it has been avoided in places where it may have seemed likely or even inevitable. To solve that puzzle, he examines postcolonial Africa, analyzing countries in which genocide occurred and where it could have but did not. Why have there not been other Rwandas? Straus finds that deep-rooted ideologies—how leaders make their nations—shape strategies of violence and are central to what leads to or away from genocide. Other critical factors include the dynamics of war, the role of restraint, and the interaction between national and local actors in the staging of campaigns of large-scale violence. Grounded in Straus's extensive fieldwork in contemporary Africa, the study of major twentieth-century cases of genocide, and the literature on genocide and political violence, Making and Unmaking Nations centers on cogent analyses of three nongenocide cases (Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal) and two in which genocide took place (Rwanda and Sudan). Straus's empirical analysis is based in part on an original database of presidential speeches from 1960 to 2005. The book also includes a broad-gauge analysis of all major cases of large-scale violence in Africa since decolonization. Straus's insights into the causes of genocide will inform the study of political violence as well as giving policymakers and nongovernmental organizations valuable tools for the future.

Indigenizing the Cold War

Sinae Hyun
Indigenizing the Cold War Book PDF

Author : Sinae Hyun
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : History
ISBN : 9780824895907

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Indigenizing the Cold War by Sinae Hyun Pdf

The Border Patrol Police (BPP) of Thailand was formed as a United States CIA's paramilitary intelligence force in the early 1950s. In the early 1960s, changes in Thailand's political leadership and the US government's strategies for fighting the spread of communism in Southeast Asia led to a transformation of the BPP. The organization became a civic action agency supported by the US Agency for International Development and the Thai monarchy. Its civic actions, pinned on advancing anticommunist modernization, civilian counterinsurgency, and royalist nationalism, soon extended from the margins to the center of Thailand, and contributed to building the border of Thainess (khwam pen thai). The growing tension between the royalist network, consisting of military and rightwing groups, and the democratization movements culminated in a massacre. On October 6, 1976, the Village Scout, a rural vigilante group that the BPP created through its civic actions, and the Police Aerial Reinforcement Unit (PARU), a subunit of the BPP, attacked peaceful protesters at Thammasat University. The success of a military coup on the same day solidified the victory of the royalist network, and it would continue to dominate Thai politics and society into the post-Cold War era. Through a study of the Border Patrol Police's transformations, Indigenizing the Cold War shows how the Thai ruling elite unfailingly pursued their nation-building. With an introduction of the "indigenization" concept and an in-depth analysis of postcolonial nation-building, this work challenges conventional Cold War studies. The Cold War in Thailand was not always and only about an ideological conflict between the communist and anticommunist. It was a war between the local ruling elite and the people, each pushing forward their visions for constructing a new nation-state. The indigenization framework helps one to see the nature and impacts of the collaboration between global superpowers and the Asian local ruling elite; it exposes an arrangement that took advantage of the American Cold War to legitimize and continue their authoritarian regimes.

The Far Right Today

Cas Mudde
The Far Right Today Book PDF

Author : Cas Mudde
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781509536856

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The Far Right Today by Cas Mudde Pdf

The far right is back with a vengeance. After several decades at the political margins, far-right politics has again taken center stage. Three of the world’s largest democracies – Brazil, India, and the United States – now have a radical right leader, while far-right parties continue to increase their profile and support within Europe. In this timely book, leading global expert on political extremism Cas Mudde provides a concise overview of the fourth wave of postwar far-right politics, exploring its history, ideology, organization, causes, and consequences, as well as the responses available to civil society, party, and state actors to challenge its ideas and influence. What defines this current far-right renaissance, Mudde argues, is its mainstreaming and normalization within the contemporary political landscape. Challenging orthodox thinking on the relationship between conventional and far-right politics, Mudde offers a complex and insightful picture of one of the key political challenges of our time.

Stopping Mass Killings in Africa

Douglas Carl Peifer
Stopping Mass Killings in Africa Book PDF

Author : Douglas Carl Peifer
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009-05-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781437912814

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Stopping Mass Killings in Africa by Douglas Carl Peifer Pdf

This is a compendium of case studies that seek to describe the best uses of military power, particularly airpower, in response to genocide. The writers examine recent instances of genocide in Somalia, Rwanda, and Côte d¿Ivoire to draw out useful generalizations concerning the nature of genocide, international reactions to genocide, and effective responses to genocide and the possibility of genocide.

The Psychology of Genocide, Massacres, and Extreme Violence

Donald G. Dutton
The Psychology of Genocide Massacres and Extreme Violence Book PDF

Author : Donald G. Dutton
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2007-05-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780313071492

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The Psychology of Genocide, Massacres, and Extreme Violence by Donald G. Dutton Pdf

Chronicling horrific events that brought the 20th century to witness the largest number of systematic slaughters of human beings in any century across history, this work goes beyond historic details and examines contemporary psychological means that leaders use to convince individuals to commit horrific acts in the name of a politial or military cause. Massacres in Nanking, Rwanda, El Salvador, Vietnam, and other countries are reviewed in chilling detail. But the core issue is what psychological forces are behind large- scale killing; what psychology can be used to indoctrinate normal people with a Groupthink that moves individuals to mass murder brutally and without regret, even when the victims are innocent children. Dutton shows us how individuals are convinced to commit such sadistic acts, often preceded by torture, after being indoctrinated with beliefs that the target victims are unjust, inhuman or viral, like a virus that must be destroyed or it will destroy society.