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Engineering the Human Germline

Gregory Stock,John Campbell

Author : Gregory Stock,John Campbell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2000-02-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195350937

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Engineering the Human Germline by Gregory Stock,John Campbell Pdf

This book explores the many prospects, challenges and ethical questions that surround the engineering of our reproductive cells. It is an accessible, three-part examination, moving from focused, realistic assessments of the promise and problems for this advancing technology to a section of short essays on the implications of our technological ability. Also included is a panel discussion in which leading scientists, ethicists, and public policy workers give voice to their thoughts and concerns regarding our impending genetic technologies. Many world leaders in these fields, including Leroy Hood, French Anderson, Mario Capecchi, Daniel Koshland, Michael Rose, Lee Silver, and James Watson, have contributed to this volume, providing the essential elements of the debate over germline engineering. If you have ever pondered the question: "Would I be willing to genetically alter my own child-to-be, given a safe, reliable technology, offering a tempting possibility?", this book will be an indispensable guide.

The Science and Ethics of Engineering the Human Germ Line

Jon W. Gordon

Author : Jon W. Gordon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2003-09-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471478201

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The Science and Ethics of Engineering the Human Germ Line by Jon W. Gordon Pdf

With implications that go to the core of what it means to be human, the issues raised by genetic manipulation-especially cloning-have sparked a passionate debate among governmental, religious, and scientific quarters, as well as the media and the general public. Keeping to the actual science rather than speculation is of the utmost importance for an enlightened approach to this weighty discussion. In clear, lively prose, The Science and Ethics of Engineering the Human Germ Line: Mendel's Maze provides an authoritative treatment of the principles of science and bioethics that bear upon such technologies as germ-line insertion and cloning. It offers a realistic assessment of possible applications, limitations, and new developments likely to arise in these areas. Written by a top physician-investigator, this book progresses from the basics of building a living organism from inanimate parts through to recombinant DNA technology, assisted reproductive technologies, and gene transfer and germ-line engineering. Ethical considerations are woven into this material throughout, while a special section covers the intellectual role played by various social biases. As genetic and reproductive technologies spread from the laboratory to the clinic-and society takes further notice-students and practitioners of biology and medicine, as well as the interested general reader, will find The Science and Ethics of Engineering the Human Germ Line: Mendel's Maze to be an essential and accessible guide to these important subjects.

Heritable Human Genome Editing

The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing

Author : The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309671132

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Heritable Human Genome Editing by The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing Pdf

Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.

Human Germline Modification and the Right to Science

Andrea Boggio,Cesare P. R. Romano,Jessica Almqvist

Author : Andrea Boggio,Cesare P. R. Romano,Jessica Almqvist
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 681 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108499873

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Human Germline Modification and the Right to Science by Andrea Boggio,Cesare P. R. Romano,Jessica Almqvist Pdf

A survey of the regulation of human germline genome modification in eighteen countries and the emerging international standards.

Human Genome Editing

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452885

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Human Genome Editing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations Pdf

Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.

The Ethics of Genetic Engineering

Roberta M. Berry

Author : Roberta M. Berry
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781135195915

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The Ethics of Genetic Engineering by Roberta M. Berry Pdf

Human genetic engineering may soon be possible. The gathering debate about this prospect already threatens to become mired in irresolvable disagreement. After surveying the scientific and technological developments that have brought us to this pass, The Ethics of Genetic Engineering focuses on the ethical and policy debate, noting the deep divide that separates proponents and opponents. The book locates the source of this divide in differing framing assumptions: reductionist pluralist on one side, holist communitarian on the other. The book argues that we must bridge this divide, drawing on the resources from both encampments, if we are to understand and cope with the distinctive problems posed by genetic engineering. These problems, termed "fractious problems," are novel, complex, ethically fraught, unavoidably of public concern, and unavoidably divisive. Berry examines three prominent ethical and political theories – utilitarianism, Kantianism, and virtue ethics – to consider their competency in bridging the divide and addressing these fractious problems. The book concludes that virtue ethics can best guide parental decision making and that a new policymaking approach sketched here, a "navigational approach," can best guide policymaking. These approaches enable us to gain a rich understanding of the problems posed and to craft resolutions adequate to their challenges.

Redesigning Humans

Gregory Stock

Author : Gregory Stock
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0618340831

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Redesigning Humans by Gregory Stock Pdf

Writing for the lay reader, Stock, the director of the Program on Medicine, Technology, and Society at the School of Public Health at UCLA, discusses the science, potential impact, and many controversies surrounding the development of germline engineering, which involves selectively altering human g

CRISPR People

Henry T. Greely

Author : Henry T. Greely
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262543880

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CRISPR People by Henry T. Greely Pdf

What does the birth of babies whose embryos had gone through genome editing mean--for science and for all of us? In November 2018, the world was shocked to learn that two babies had been born in China with DNA edited while they were embryos—as dramatic a development in genetics as the 1996 cloning of Dolly the sheep. In this book, Hank Greely, a leading authority on law and genetics, tells the fascinating story of this human experiment and its consequences. Greely explains what Chinese scientist He Jiankui did, how he did it, and how the public and other scientists learned about and reacted to this unprecedented genetic intervention. The two babies, nonidentical twin girls, were the first “CRISPR'd” people ever born (CRISPR, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, is a powerful gene-editing method). Greely not only describes He's experiment and its public rollout (aided by a public relations adviser) but also considers, in a balanced and thoughtful way, the lessons to be drawn both from these CRISPR'd babies and, more broadly, from this kind of human DNA editing—“germline editing” that can be passed on from one generation to the next. Greely doesn't mince words, describing He's experiment as grossly reckless, irresponsible, immoral, and illegal. Although he sees no inherent or unmanageable barriers to human germline editing, he also sees very few good uses for it—other, less risky, technologies can achieve the same benefits. We should consider the implications carefully before we proceed.

Our Posthuman Future

Francis Fukuyama

Author : Francis Fukuyama
Publisher : Profile Books
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781847653703

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Our Posthuman Future by Francis Fukuyama Pdf

Is a baby whose personality has been chosen from a gene supermarket still a human? If we choose what we create what happens to morality? Is this the end of human nature? The dramatic advances in DNA technology over the last few years are the stuff of science fiction. It is now not only possible to clone human beings it is happening. For the first time since the creation of the earth four billion years ago, or the emergence of mankind 10 million years ago, people will be able to choose their children's' sex, height, colour, personality traits and intelligence. It will even be possible to create 'superhumans' by mixing human genes with those of other animals for extra strength or longevity. But is this desirable? What are the moral and political consequences? Will it mean anything to talk about 'human nature' any more? Is this the end of human beings? Our Posthuman Future is a passionate analysis of the greatest political and moral problem ever to face the human race.

The Human Gene Editing Debate

John H. Evans

Author : John H. Evans
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780197519585

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The Human Gene Editing Debate by John H. Evans Pdf

In 2018 the first genetically modified babies were reportedly born in China, made possible by the invention of CRISPR technology in 2012. This controversial advancement overturned the pre-existing moral consensus, which had held for over fifty years before: while gene editing an adult person was morally acceptable, modifying babies, and thus subsequent generations, crossed a significant moral line. If this line is passed over, scientists will be left without an agreed-upon ethical limit. What do we do now? John H. Evans here provides a meta-level guide to how these debates move forward and their significance to society. He explains how the bioethical debate has long been characterized as a slippery slope, with consensually ethical use at the top, nightmarish dystopia at the bottom, and specific agreed-upon limits in between, which draw the lines between the ethical and the unethical. Evans frames his analysis around these limits, or barriers. Historically they have existed to guide scientists and to prevent the debate from slipping down the metaphorical slope into unacceptable eugenicist possibilities, such as in Aldous Huxley's novel Brave New World or the movie Gattaca. Evans examines the history of how barriers were placed, then fell, then replaced by new ones, and discusses how these insights inform where the debate may head. He evaluates other proposed barriers relevant to where we are now, projects that most of the barriers suggested by scientists and bioethicists will not hold, and cautiously identifies a few that could serve as the moral boundary for the next generation. At a critical time in this new era of intervention in the human genome, The Human Gene Editing Debate provides a necessary, comprehensive analysis of the conversation's direction, past, present, and future.

Exploding the Gene Myth

Ruth Hubbard

Author : Ruth Hubbard
Publisher : Beacon Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1999-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0807004316

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Exploding the Gene Myth by Ruth Hubbard Pdf

How Genetic Information Is Produced and Manipulated by Scientists, Physicians, Employers, Insurance Companies, Educators, and Law Enforcers

Science and Ethics

Bernard E. Rollin

Author : Bernard E. Rollin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2006-03-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139455046

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Science and Ethics by Bernard E. Rollin Pdf

In Science and Ethics, Bernard Rollin examines the ideology that denies the relevance of ethics to science. Providing an introduction to basic ethical concepts, he discusses a variety of ethical issues that are relevant to science and how they are ignored, to the detriment of both science and society. These include research on human subjects, animal research, genetic engineering, biotechnology, cloning, xenotransplantation, and stem cell research. Rollin also explores the ideological agnosticism that scientists have displayed regarding subjective experience in humans and animals, and its pernicious effect on pain management. Finally, he articulates the implications of the ideological denial of ethics for the practice of science itself in terms of fraud, plagiarism, and data falsification. In engaging prose and with philosophical sophistication, Rollin cogently argues in favor of making education in ethics part and parcel of scientific training.

Human Genome Editing

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452915

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Human Genome Editing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations Pdf

Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.

Redesigning Humans

Gregory Stock

Author : Gregory Stock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Genetic engineering
ISBN : 1861975511

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Redesigning Humans by Gregory Stock Pdf

Forget worries about cloning people. In the future, technological advances will bring far more meaningful and controversial changes to our offspring. As scientists rapidly improve their ability to identify, screen and manipulate genes, people will want to protect their future children from diseases, help them live longer and even influence their looks and their abilities. Stock, an expert on the implications of recent advances in reproductive biology, clearly shows that neither governments, nor religious groups will be able to stop the coming trend of choosing an embryo's genes, and that there is little point in even trying.

Design and Destiny

Ronald Cole-Turner

Author : Ronald Cole-Turner
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780262533010

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Design and Destiny by Ronald Cole-Turner Pdf

Scholars discuss the genetic modification of embryonic cells from the viewpoints of traditional Jewish and Christian teaching, considering both the possible therapeutic benefits of this technology and moral concerns about its implementation. We are approaching the day when advances in biotechnology will allow parents to "design" a baby with the traits they want. The continuing debate over the possibilities of genetic engineering has been spirited, but so far largely confined to the realms of bioethics and public policy. Design and Destiny approaches the question in religious terms, discussing human germline modification (the genetic modification of the embryonic cells that become the eggs or sperm of a developing organism) from the viewpoints of traditional Christian and Jewish teaching. The contributors, leading religious scholars and writers, call our attention not to technology but to humanity, reflecting upon the meaning and destiny of human life in a technological age. Many of these scholars argue that religious teaching can support human germline modification implemented for therapeutic reasons, although they offer certain moral conditions that must be met. The essays offer a surprising variety of opinions, including a discussion of Judaism's traditional presumption in favor of medicine, an argument that Catholic doctrine could accept germline modification if it is therapeutic for the embryo, an argument implying that "traditional" Christian teaching permits germline modification whether for therapy or enhancement, and a "classical" Protestant view that germline modification should be categorically opposed. Contributors Lisa Sowle Cahill, Nigel M. de S. Cameron, Ronald Cole-Turner, Amy Michelle DeBaets, Celia Deane-Drummond, Elliot Dorff, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., Thomas A. Shannon, James J. Walter

Engineering The Human Germline

Engineering the Human Germline by Gregory Stock,John Campbell Pdf

The Science and Ethics of Engineering the Human Germ Line by Jon W. Gordon Pdf

Heritable Human Genome Editing by The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing Pdf

Human Germline Modification and the Right to Science by Andrea Boggio,Cesare P. R. Romano,Jessica Almqvist Pdf

Human Genome Editing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations Pdf

The Ethics of Genetic Engineering by Roberta M. Berry Pdf

Redesigning Humans by Gregory Stock Pdf

CRISPR People by Henry T. Greely Pdf

Our Posthuman Future by Francis Fukuyama Pdf

The Human Gene Editing Debate by John H. Evans Pdf

Exploding the Gene Myth by Ruth Hubbard Pdf

Science and Ethics by Bernard E. Rollin Pdf

Human Genome Editing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations Pdf

Redesigning Humans by Gregory Stock Pdf

Design and Destiny by Ronald Cole-Turner Pdf

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