Environmental Degradation And Transformation Of Organic Chemicals
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Environmental Degradation and Transformation of Organic Chemicals by Alasdair H. Neilson,Ann-Sofie Allard Pdf
Addressing the persistent environmental threat of organic chemicals with a fresh approach to degradation and transformation processes, Environmental Degradation and Transformation of Organic Chemicals examines a wide range of compounds as well as abiotic and microbiological reactions mediated by microorganisms. The book emphasizes the pathways used
Organic Chemicals in the Environment by Alasdair H. Neilson,Ann-Sofie Allard Pdf
Addressing the persistent environmental threat of organic chemicals with a fresh approach to degradation and transformation processes, Organic Chemicals in the Environment: Mechanisms of Degradation and Transformation, Second Edition examines a wide range of compounds as well as abiotic and microbiological reactions mediated by microorganisms
René P. Schwarzenbach,Philip M. Gschwend,Dieter M. Imboden
Author : René P. Schwarzenbach,Philip M. Gschwend,Dieter M. Imboden Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 1329 pages File Size : 54,6 Mb Release : 2005-06-24 Category : Science ISBN : 9780471743996
Environmental Organic Chemistry by René P. Schwarzenbach,Philip M. Gschwend,Dieter M. Imboden Pdf
Environmental Organic Chemistry focuses on environmental factors that govern the processes that determine the fate of organic chemicals in natural and engineered systems. The information discovered is then applied to quantitatively assessing the environmental behaviour of organic chemicals. Now in its 2nd edition this book takes a more holistic view on physical-chemical properties of organic compounds. It includes new topics that address aspects of gas/solid partitioning, bioaccumulation, and transformations in the atmosphere. Structures chapters into basic and sophisticated sections Contains illustrative examples, problems and case studies Examines the fundamental aspects of organic, physical and inorganic chemistry - applied to environmentally relevant problems Addresses problems and case studies in one volume
Environmental problems have become increasingly complex. The procedures for investigating these problems cross the traditional boundaries of organic and analytical chemistry, microbiology and biology. Organic Chemicals: An Environmental Perspective brings together the basic issues of chemical analysis, distribution, persistence, and ecotoxicology. The author illustrates each point with specific examples and presents a mechanistic approach to microbial reactions. Extensive cross referencing between chapters provides cohesion and complete coverage of issues tangential to each topic. The new edition has been extensively revised, and contains a new appendix, a new chapter, plus further revised information throughout the book. In fact, it is a completely new book. A major difficulty in environmental science is that much of the background is widely scattered in the specialized chemical, microbiological, and biological literature. The coverage of all these areas in a single volume, the coherence supplied by the cross references, and the extensive references to the original literature makes Organic Chemicals: An Environmental Perspective a unique resource.
Organic Chemicals in the Aquatic Environment by Alasdair H. Neilson Pdf
Organic Chemicals in the Aquatic Environment draws from the author's experience with a variety of problems dealing with the fate, distribution, and toxicity of organic compounds in the aquatic environment. It discusses the basic issues of chemical analysis, distribution, persistence, and ecotoxicology, with an emphasis on microbial reactions. The necessary input and the difficulties of achieving a rigorous synthesis of the various elements are illustrated with specific examples. The book includes a wide range of structurally diverse compounds as illustration and presents a mechanistic approach to biodegradation and biotransformation. The final chapter addresses the issue of environmental hazard assessment and constructs a strategy for carrying it out.
Transformation Products of Synthetic Chemicals in the Environment by Alistair Boxall Pdf
When a synthetic chemical is released into the environment it may be degraded by abiotic and biotic processes. These degradation processes usually involve a cascade of reactions resulting in the formation of a number of transformation products. While we usually know a great deal about the environmental properties, fate and effects of parent synthetic chemicals, our understanding of the impacts of transformation products is much less developed. As such, this volume brings together chapters from leading researchers in the field of transformation products in the environment and describes how these products are formed, how they move through the environment, and their environmental effects. The book also presents modelling and analytical approaches for understanding the occurrence, fate and effects of transformation products in the environment. It is of interest to scientists in academia, the chemicals industry and regulators, as well as graduate students in Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology.
Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers by James G. Speight Pdf
Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers explains the principles of inorganic contaminant behavior, also applying these principles to explore available remediation technologies, and providing the design, operation, and advantages or disadvantages of the various remediation technologies. Written for environmental engineers and researchers, this reference provides the tools and methods that are imperative to protect and improve the environment. The book's three-part treatment starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of metals, including topics such as preparations, structures and bonding, reactions and properties, and complex formation and sequestering. This coverage is followed by a self-contained section concerning complex formation, sequestering, and organometallics, including hydrides and carbonyls. Part Two, Non-Metals, provides an overview of chemical periodicity and the fundamentals of their structure and properties. Clearly explains the principles of inorganic contaminant behavior in order to explore available remediation technologies Provides the design, operation, and advantages or disadvantages of the various remediation technologies Presents a clear exposition of metals, including topics such as preparations, structures, and bonding, reaction and properties, and complex formation and sequestering
Microbial Transformation and Degradation of Toxic Organic Chemicals by Lily Y. Young,Carl E. Cerniglia Pdf
Microorganisms offer a more effective and economical means of reducing or eliminating environmental contamination than more traditional treatment methods. This study examines the role of microbes in the degradation of toxic organic chemicals.
Chlorinated Organic Compounds in the Environment by Sub Ramamoorthy,Sita Ramamoorthy Pdf
This book provides up-to-date information on chlorinated organics in the environment that can be used in monitoring, impact assessment, and decision-making processes. The text assists readers in predicting the potential for organic contamination as well as the critical medium of exposure to the health of the ecosystem and humans. Toxicity profiles provided for each chemical allow for evaluation of the short- and long-term effects on the environment. Discussions of environmental residues and pertinent worldwide regulations help readers compare chloroorganic contamination in different areas and analyze the associated regulatory approaches. Chlorinated Organic Compounds in the Environment begins with an introduction to chlorinated organic compounds and discussions of fate processes and environmental migration, based on their physical properties and processes. Next, the text focuses on chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons; chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons-monocyclic and polycyclic compounds; and chlorinated biocides, phenols, dioxins, and furans in the environment. The North American and International regulations and advisories in the management of chlorinated organic compounds are reviewed in Chapters 3-8. The last two chapters of the book deal with prioritization for regulatory and monitoring assessment and regulatory decision-making processes. A glossary and comprehensive subject index makes terms easy to understand and find throughout the text. Environmental managers, regulatory personnel, scientists, and students will gain a broader understanding of environmental problems and how they can be applied to different disciplines such as chemistry, life sciences, and engineering with this important reference.
Global Contamination Trends of Persistent Organic Chemicals by Bommanna G. Loganathan,Paul Kwan-Sing Lam Pdf
Environmental pollution by man-made persistent organic chemicals (POCs) has been a serious global issue for over half a century. POCs are prevalent in air, water, soil, and organisms including wildlife and humans throughout the world. They do not degrade and cause long-term effect in organisms. Exposure to certain POCs may result in serious environmental and health effects including birth defects, diminished intelligence and certain types of cancers. Therefore, POCs have been the subject of an intensive regional, national and international effort to limit their production, use, and disposal of these chemical stocks. Trend monitoring studies are essential to make clear the behavior and fate of these compounds and to protect our environment and living resources. Global Contamination Trends of Persistent Organic Chemicals provides comprehensive coverage of spatial and temporal trends of classical and emerging contaminants in aquatic, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems, including the Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems. Compiled by an international group of experts, this volume covers: Spatial and temporal trends of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/DFs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), synthetic musks, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and octyl- and nonylphenols Environmental and biological matrices used for the trend studies were atmosphere, water, soil, sediment, bivalve mollusks, fish, marine mammals, terrestrial mammals, and human breast milk Spatial and temporal trend studies presented from Australia, Brazil, China, Estonia, Ghana, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Norway, Poland, Sweden, the United States, coastal and open ocean environments, and the Arctic and Antarctic regions POCs have been the subject of an intensive regional, national, and international effort to limit their production and use, and to mitigate the disposal of these chemicals. Since POCs are prevalent in air, water, soil, and tissues of organisms (including wildlife and humans) throughout the world and do not degrade, they cause long-term effects in organisms. Trend monitoring studies are essential to make clear the behavior and fate of these compounds and to protect our environment and living resources. Relevant to professionals and students alike, Global Contamination Trends of Persistent Organic Chemicals facilitates the understanding of environmental and biological behavior of these chemicals and the development of strategies for protecting the global environment for future generations.
Atmospheric Degradation of Organic Substances by Walter Klöpffer,Burkhard O. Wagner Pdf
This compilation on the degradation of 1,100 commercially important chemical products is the first publication to make this knowledge publicly accessible in one book. The data and annotations have been painstakingly assembled over a 10-year period in a collaboration between academia and regulatory authorities. The work explains in detail the methods, including computational ones, for the environmental assessment of volatile and semi-volatile substances, and is rounded off with data tables of degradation rates. A key resource for manufacturers and regulators of such substances.
Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals by Donald Mackay,Wan-Ying Shiu,Kuo-Ching Ma,Sum Chi Lee Pdf
CHOICE Award Winner Transport and transformation processes are key for determining how humans and other organisms are exposed to chemicals. These processes are largely controlled by the chemicals’ physical-chemical properties. This new edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is a comprehensive series in four volumes that serves as a reference source for environmentally relevant physical-chemical property data of numerous groups of chemical substances. The handbook contains physical-chemical property data from peer-reviewed journals and other valuable sources on over 1200 chemicals of environmental concern. The handbook contains new data on the temperature dependence of selected physical-chemical properties, which allows scientists and engineers to perform better chemical assessments for climatic conditions outside the 20–25-degree range for which property values are generally reported. This second edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is an essential reference for university libraries, regulatory agencies, consultants, and industry professionals, particularly those concerned with chemical synthesis, emissions, fate, persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation, exposure, and biological effects of chemicals in the environment. This resource is also available on CD-ROM
Organic Contaminants in the Environment by K.C. Jones Pdf
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SERIES The current expansion of both public and scientific interest in environ mental issues has not been accompanied by a commensurate production of adequate books, and those which are available are widely variable in approach and depth. The Environmental Management Series has been established with a view to co-ordinating a series of volumes dealing with each topic within the field in some depth. It is hoped that this Series will provide a uniform and quality coverage and that, over a period of years, it will build up to form a library of reference books covering most of the major topics within this diverse field. It is envisaged that the books will be of single, or dual, authorship, or edited volumes as appropriate for respective topics. The level of presentation will be advanced, the books being aimed primarily at a research/consultancy readership. The coverage will include all aspects of environmental science and engineering pertinent to man agement and monitoring of the natural and man-modified environment, as well as topics dealing with the political, economic, legal and social con siderations pertaining to environmental management. J. CAIRNS and R.M. HARRISON v Preface The behaviour and effects of chemicals in our environment is a fascinating subject for scientific investigation. Furthermore, an understanding of these processes is of fundamental importance in our modern world, and should enable us to understand and limit the adverse effects of pollutants.
Fate and Transport of Organic Chemicals in the Environment by Ronald E. Ney Pdf
Fate and Transport provides the equations and background information you need to predict the fate and transport of chemicals in air, water, soil, flora, and fauna, and to prevent your exposure to toxic chemicals. Featuring 22 new mathematical calculations for predicting the fate and transport of 100 non-pesticide organic compounds, this Third Edition provides you with easy-to-read explanations of how chemicals travel through the environmental compartments, how they break down, and how key physical and chemical properties of chemicals (including water solubility, volatility, and soil sorbtion or adsorption) affect fate and transport. The book also addresses methods for predicting pesticide and fish hazards, offer complete samples of calculations and exposure analyses, includes date for 203 commonly encountered chemical substances, and explains hazard prediction based on chemical structure.
Toxic Organic Chemicals in Porous Media by Zev Gerstl,Y. Chen,U. Mingelgrin,Bruno Yaron Pdf
In March, 1983 a workshop on Pollutants in Porous Media was hosted by the Institute of Soils and Water of the Agricultural Research Organi zation in Bet Dagan, Israel. At this workshop, the unsaturated zone be tween the soil surface and groundwater was the focal point of discus sions for scientists from various disciplines such as soil chemists, physicists, biologists and environmental engineers. Since then, the prob lem of soil and water pollution has only worsened as more and more cases of pollution caused by human activities including agriculture and industry have been revealed. A great deal of work has been carried out by environmental scientists since 1983 in elucidating the behavior of the many classes of pollutants and the complex physical, chemical, and bio logical transformations which they undergo as they move through the soil to the vadose zone and, in many cases, the groundwater. In light of this, it was felt that another meeting of specialists from the many disciplines which deal with this subject was necessary and so a Second International Workshop on the Behavior of Pollutants in Porous Media, sponsored by IUPAC (the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) and IAHS (the International Association of Hydrological Sciences), was organized and held in the Institute of Soils and Water of the Agricultural Research Organization in Bet Dagan, Israel during 1987. June, The present volume is a selection of the talks presented at this second workshop and deals only with toxic organic chemicals in porous media.