Essays On Paradoxes

Author : Terence Horgan,Terry Horgan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780199858422

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Essays on Paradoxes by Terence Horgan,Terry Horgan Pdf

This volume brings together many of Terence Horgan's essays on paradoxes: Newcomb's problem, the Monty Hall problem, the two-envelope paradox, the sorites paradox, and the Sleeping Beauty problem. Newcomb's problem arises because the ordinary concept of practical rationality constitutively includes normative standards that can sometimes come into direct conflict with one another. The Monty Hall problem reveals that sometimes the higher-order fact of one's having reliably received pertinent new first-order information constitutes stronger pertinent new information than does the new first-order information itself. The two-envelope paradox reveals that epistemic-probability contexts are weakly hyper-intensional; that therefore, non-zero epistemic probabilities sometimes accrue to epistemic possibilities that are not metaphysical possibilities; that therefore, the available acts in a given decision problem sometimes can simultaneously possess several different kinds of non-standard expected utility that rank the acts incompatibly. The sorites paradox reveals that a certain kind of logical incoherence is inherent to vagueness, and that therefore, ontological vagueness is impossible. The Sleeping Beauty problem reveals that some questions of probability are properly answered using a generalized variant of standard conditionalization that is applicable to essentially indexical self-locational possibilities, and deploys preliminary probabilities of such possibilities that are not prior probabilities. The volume also includes three new essays: one on Newcomb's problem, one on the Sleeping Beauty problem, and an essay on epistemic probability that articulates and motivates a number of novel claims about epistemic probability that Horgan has come to espouse in the course of his writings on paradoxes. A common theme unifying these essays is that philosophically interesting paradoxes typically resist either easy solutions or solutions that are formally/mathematically highly technical. Another unifying theme is that such paradoxes often have deep-sometimes disturbing-philosophical morals.

Author : Willard Van Orman Quine
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : LCCN:66111465

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The Ways of Paradox by Willard Van Orman Quine Pdf

Author : Willard van Orman Quine
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:256241621

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The Ways of Paradox by Willard van Orman Quine Pdf

Author : JC Beall
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191528507

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Revenge of the Liar by JC Beall Pdf

The Liar paradox raises foundational questions about logic, language, and truth (and semantic notions in general). A simple Liar sentence like 'This sentence is false' appears to be both true and false if it is either true or false. For if the sentence is true, then what it says is the case; but what it says is that it is false, hence it must be false. On the other hand, if the statement is false, then it is true, since it says (only) that it is false. How, then, should we classify Liar sentences? Are they true or false? A natural suggestion would be that Liars are neither true nor false; that is, they fall into a category beyond truth and falsity. This solution might resolve the initial problem, but it beckons the Liar's revenge. A sentence that says of itself only that it is false or beyond truth and falsity will, in effect, bring back the initial problem. The Liar's revenge is a witness to the hydra-like nature of Liars: in dealing with one Liar you often bring about another. JC Beall presents fourteen new essays and an extensive introduction, which examine the nature of the Liar paradox and its resistance to any attempt to solve it. Written by some of the world's leading experts in the field, the papers in this volume will be an important resource for those working in truth studies, philosophical logic, and philosophy of language, as well as those with an interest in formal semantics and metaphysics.

Author : Alan Montefiore
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-12-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000765717

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Philosophy and the Human Paradox by Alan Montefiore Pdf

This book collects essays by Alan Montefiore on the role philosophy plays in the formation of the self, and how philosophical questions regarding the nature of reason, truth, and identity inform ethics and politics. It offers a comprehensive overview of Montefiore’s influential, non-dogmatic philosophical voice. Throughout his 70-year career, Montefiore sought to bridge the analytic/continental divide and develop a new way of thinking about philosophy. He defines philosophy as the search for a higher-order understanding of whatever the situation or activity in which one may be involved or engaged, an understanding which may be achieved and expressed by and in a variety of different forms of philosophical persuasion, and which may serve to shed new light on particular problems. The book’s essays, half of which are previously unpublished, are divided into two thematic sections. The first focuses on the nature of philosophy, while the second addresses the relationship between philosophy and moral and political responsibilities. Philosophy and the Human Paradox will be of interest to philosophers and students who work on ethics, Kantian and post-Kantian continental philosophy, and political philosophy.

Author : J. C. Beall
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Paradox
ISBN : 1383040664

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Liars and Heaps by J. C. Beall Pdf

Logic is fundamental to thought and language. But which logical principles are correct? The paradoxes play a crucial role in answering that question. Written by leading figures in the field, this text discusses novel thoughts about the paradoxes.

Author : James V. Schall
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2010-04
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9780813218236

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Schall on Chesterton by James V. Schall Pdf

In this book of essays, Father James V. Schall, a prolific author himself and a prominent Catholic writer, brings readers to Chesterton through a witty series of original reflections prompted by something Chesterton wrote--timely essays on timeless issues.

Author : Miguel de Unamuno
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1955190267

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Essays, Paradoxes, Soliloquies by Miguel de Unamuno Pdf

Essays, Paradoxes, Soliloquies is a new selection of Unamuno's essays from across two previously published collections, 1925's Essays and Soliloquies, translated by J. E. Crawford Flitch, and 1945's Perplexities and Paradoxes, translated by Stuart Gross. Here Unamuno forcefully and eloquently expresses his beliefs about religion, ethics, philosophy, and Spanish literature."What remain today are the argumentative Essays, perhaps the most living and enduring of all he wrote[.]" - Jorge Luis Borges

Author : Michael Asgaard Andersen,Henrik Oxvig
Publisher : Lars Muller Publishers
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Architecture
ISBN : STANFORD:36105133170550

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Paradoxes of Appearing by Michael Asgaard Andersen,Henrik Oxvig Pdf

The book contains a collection of essays by scholars and artists from a range of different fields including art, art history, architectural theory and philosophy. The essays are based on papers given at a symposium in Copenhagen in June 2008 and refer to the following considerations: When spectators confront and designers invent works of art and architecture, vital questions regarding their appearance arise. Based on multiple discourses on these subjects, contemporary positions in art, architecture and philosophy draw up new challenges, especially with regard to the creative practices. Within and between these positions emerge potentials for modes of thinking and doing with a new sensitivity. Contributors include Michael Asgaard Andersen and Henrik Oxvig, Renaud Barbaras, Andrew Benjamin, Olafur Eliasson, Sanford Kwinter, David Leatherbarrow, Martin Seel, David Summers, and Sven-Olov Wallenstein.

Author : Richard K. Betts,Thomas Mahnken
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2004-08-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135759650

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Paradoxes of Strategic Intelligence by Richard K. Betts,Thomas Mahnken Pdf

Part of a three part collection in honour of the teachings of Michael I. Handel, one of the foremost strategists of the late 20th century, this collection explores the paradoxes of intelligence analysis, surprise and deception from both historical and theoretical perspectives.

Author : Robert L. Martin
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015008970991

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Recent Essays on Truth and the Liar Paradox by Robert L. Martin Pdf

This collection of recent essays includes important and influential work on the concept of truth and the semantic pardoxes. Using techniques of mathematical logic, these philosophers tackle this age-old problem to offer new insights and widely varying analyses.

Author : Vann McGee
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1990-01-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0872200876

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Truth, Vagueness, and Paradox by Vann McGee Pdf

Awarded the 1988 Johnsonian Prize in Philosophy. Published with the aid of a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Author : James E. Schul
Publisher : IAP
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781641136525

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Paradoxes of the Public School by James E. Schul Pdf

Is the American public school doing what we want it to do? Or, is what we want it to do in conflict with what society allows it to do? This book takes on issues central to understanding the complexities of the American public school experience. Readers are simultaneously taken into the historical and contemporary context of these issues through an honest and provocative approach that engages them into the real world of school. Chapters revolve around key issues such as religion, democracy, teachers, race, reform, pedagogy, efficiency, freedom, segregation, social class, exceptionality, gender, technology, and accountability. Paradoxes of the Public School promises to foster a thoughtful dialogue on the complexity of school and how best to improve it for the future. Teacher educators may find it useful to help develop teacher candidates’ understanding of the nature of school. However, anyone interested in the nature of school will find this book insightful, clear, and easy to follow. All readers will find this book to be cutting edge as it creatively fills a dire need for a compelling tale of school that is both informative and thought provoking.

Author : Joe Salerno
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191608681

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New Essays on the Knowability Paradox by Joe Salerno Pdf

In 1945 Alonzo Church issued a pair of referee reports in which he anonymously conveyed to Frederic Fitch a surprising proof showing that wherever there is (empirical) ignorance there is also logically unknowable truth. Fitch published this and a generalization of the result in 1963. Ever since, philosophers have been attempting to understand the significance and address the counter-intuitiveness of this, the so-called paradox of knowability. This collection assembles Church's referee reports, Fitch's 1963 paper, and nineteen new papers on the knowability paradox. The contributors include logicians and philosophers from three continents, many of whom have already made important contributions to the discussion of the problem. The volume contains a general introduction to the paradox and the background literature, and is divided into seven sections that roughly mark the central points of debate. The sections include the history of the paradox, Michael Dummett's constructivism, issues of paraconsistency, developments of modal and temporal logics, Cartesian restricted theories of truth, modal and mathematical fictionalism, and reconsiderations about how, and whether, we ought to construe an anti-realist theory of truth.

Author : Keith Simmons
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1993-07-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780521430692

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Universality and the Liar by Keith Simmons Pdf

This book is about one of the most baffling of all paradoxes--the famous Liar paradox. Suppose we say: "We are lying now." Then if we are lying, we are telling the truth; and if we are telling the truth we are lying. This paradox is more than an intriguing puzzle, since it involves the concept of truth. Thus any coherent theory of truth must deal with the Liar. Keith Simmons discusses the solutions proposed by medieval philosophers and offers his own solutions and in the process assesses other contemporary attempts to solve the paradox. Unlike such attempts, Simmons' "singularity" solution does not abandon classical semantics and does not appeal to the kind of hierarchical view found in Barwise's and Etchemendy's The Liar. Moreover, Simmons' solution resolves the vexing problem of semantic universality--the problem of whether there are semantic concepts beyond the expressive reach of a natural language such as English.