Ethical Dilemmas In Neurology

Author : James L. Bernat
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0781790603

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Ethical Issues in Neurology by James L. Bernat Pdf

Written by an eminent authority from the American Academy of Neurology's Committee on Ethics, Law, and Humanities, this book is an excellent text for all clinicians interested in ethical decision-making. The book features outstanding presentations on dying and palliative care, physician-assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia, medical futility, and the relationship between ethics and the law. New chapters in this edition discuss how clinicians resolve ethical dilemmas in practice and explore ethical issues in neuroscience research. Other highlights include updated material on palliative sedation, advance directives, ICU withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy, gene therapy, the very-low-birth-weight premature infant, the developmentally disabled patient, informed consent, organizational ethics, brain death controversies, and fMRI and PET studies relating to persistent vegetative state.

Author : James L. Bernat,Richard Beresford
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780444535047

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by James L. Bernat,Richard Beresford Pdf

Advances in our understanding of the brain and rapid advances in the medical practice of neurology are creating questions and concerns from an ethical and legal perspective. Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology provides a detailed review of various general aspects of neuroethics, and contains chapters dealing with a vast array of specific issues such as the role of religion, the ethics of invasive neuroscience research, and the impact of potential misconduct in neurologic practice. The book focuses particular attention on problems related to palliative care, euthanasia, dementia, and neurogenetic disorders, and concludes with examinations of consciousness, personal identity, and the definition of death. This volume focuses on practices not only in North America but also in Europe and the developing world. It is a useful resource for all neuroscience and neurology professionals, researchers, students, scholars, practicing clinical neurologists, mental health professionals, and psychiatrists. A comprehensive introduction and reference on neuroethics Includes coverage of how best to understand the ethics and legal aspects of dementia, palliative care, euthanasia and neurogenetic disorders Brings clarity to issues regarding ethics and legal responsibilities in the age of rapidly evolving brain science and related clinical practice

Author : Adam Zeman,Linda L. Emanuel
Publisher : Bailliere Tindall Limited
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015049545059

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Ethical Dilemmas in Neurology by Adam Zeman,Linda L. Emanuel Pdf

An international team of recognized authorities offer a collection of thought provoking essays on ethical questions often faced by neurologists in clinical practice.

Author : Michael Williams
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781469821450

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Practical Ethics in Clinical Neurology by Michael Williams Pdf

Almost every neurologist encounters ethical issues daily. This exemplary ethics text meets the needs of students, residents, fellows, and practicing neurologists who want an accessible case-based text for learning, and it meets the needs of directors of medical student clerkships and residency programs in neurology who want an accessible case-based text for teaching. The book’s case-based approach places key ethical principles into a practical, real-world context to aid in decision-making. Each chapter includes an outstanding array of learning features includes Learning Objectives, Clinical Vignettes, Questions to guide self-study and group discussions, Key Points, Key Words, Suggestions for Further Reading, and more. Clinical Pragmatism model helps readers analyze ethical issues in a clinical context. Practical Ethics in Clinical Neurology is a companion to the most highly respected ethics text in neurology and neurosurgery, Bernat's Ethical Issues in Neurology, 3rd edition.

Author : Robert C. Macauley
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080641

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by Robert C. Macauley Pdf

Perhaps no other field of medicine illustrates the ethical dilemmas occasioned by the explosion of technology more than neurology. Many dilemmas which at first appear to be ethical, however, are actually biotechnical, informational, or interpersonal in nature. For those which are, indeed, ethical, a review of existing information and acquisition of additional data can often serve to identify the proper response. When the optimal course of action remains unclear, the comprehensive, structured approach described in this chapter is both philosophically rigorous and clinically relevant. It takes into account a variety of critical considerations – including rights, duties, consequences, virtues, and similar cases – while utilizing both inductive and deductive methods. The end result is the “least bad” of available options, or, at the very least, a practical response which preserves future options and avoids crucial mistakes.

Author : Eric Racine
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080924

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by Eric Racine Pdf

In this chapter, evolution of ethics and bioethics is traced to show how an abstract and individualistic paradigm was at the core of mainstream ethics prior to the advent of bioethics and applied ethics. Bioethics has transformed this individualistic paradigm because of its inherent interdisciplinarity and real-world connection. This evolution has raised questions regarding how nonabstract (e.g., experiential) and nonindividualistic (e.g., social, relational) components of ethics could be married to normative theory and ethics reflection, the latter usually not amenable to empiric research. In the first part of this chapter, pragmatism is introduced as an approach offering perspectives on the integration of social, nonindividualistic aspects of ethics, supporting the use of social science methods within ethics and neuroethics. In the second part of this chapter, using the example of disorders of consciousness, a pragmatic perspective is explored to reframe questions and help foster nonreductionistic understandings of ethical questions and ethical dilemmas. This chapter aims to generate reflections on a set of specific clinical contexts that will also stimulate a discussion on the nature of ethical approaches.

Author : James L. Bernat
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080955

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by James L. Bernat Pdf

The definition and criterion of death have been rendered ambiguous by developments in organ support technology, particularly the positive-pressure ventilator and vasopressor medications, that uncouple the unitary loss of vital functions in death and create cases in which the brain has been destroyed while circulation and ventilation can be supported. Developing a biophilosophic analysis of the meaning of death before physicians can declare it requires four sequential steps: (1) agreement on the paradigm conditions that frame the analysis and clarify the task; (2) identifying the definition of death, which makes explicit the meaning of death that is accepted in our consensual usage of the term but that has become obscured by technology; (3) identifying the criterion of death that shows that the definition has been fulfilled, and that can be incorporated into a death statute; and (4) devising bedside tests of death for physicians to perform to satisfy the criterion. Although there is a strong consensus on death determination medical standards in countries around the world that has been enshrined into laws, and accepted by most societies and religions, there remains an active dispute among scholars on the precise definition and criterion of death.

Author : Michael Williams
Publisher : Lww
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-24
Category : Medical ethics
ISBN : 1469877627

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Practical Ethics in Clinical Neurology by Michael Williams Pdf

Practical Ethics in Clinical Neurology: A Case-Based Learning Approach Practical Ethics in Clinical Neurology (PECN) is a case-based ethics textbook designed for readers who want a concise, accessible book to help them assess and resolve ethical challenges in everyday practice. With chapter topics and case content that reflect commonly encountered issues in adult and pediatric neurology, PECN meets the needs of students, residents, fellows, and practicing neurologists. With easy, web-based access to key guidance documents from the American Academy of Neurology, and references to important sections in Dr. James L. Bernat's "Ethical Issues in Neurology, 3rd ed." (the most highly respected ethics textbook in neurology), PECN helps readers focus on the essential ethical and professional considerations in each case. Directors of medical student clerkships and residency programs in neurology will find that PECN helps them meet the learning objectives of the AAMC, ACGME, and ABPN. "Look inside and explore..."- Case-based approach places key ethical principles into a practical, real-world context to aid in decision-making.- An outstanding array of learning features includes the following sections: Learning Objectives, Clinical Vignettes, Questions to guide self-study and group discussions, Key Points, Key Words, Suggestions for Further Reading, and more.- Clinical pragmatism model helps readers analyze ethical issues in a clinical context.

Author : Grace Lee,Judy Illes,Frauke Ohl
Publisher : Springer
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662448663

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Ethical Issues in Behavioral Neuroscience by Grace Lee,Judy Illes,Frauke Ohl Pdf

Behavioral neuroscience encompasses the disciplines of neurobiology and psychology to study mechanisms of behavior. This volume provides a contemporary overview of the current state of how ethics informs behavioral neuroscience research. There is dual emphasis on ethical challenges in experimental animal approaches and in clinical and nonclinical research involving human participants.

Author : Marie-Aurélie Bruno,Steven Laureys,Athena Demertzi
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080795

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by Marie-Aurélie Bruno,Steven Laureys,Athena Demertzi Pdf

Patients in coma, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, and in minimally conscious states pose medical, scientific, and ethical challenges. As patients with disorders of consciousness are by definition unable to communicate, the assessment of pain, quality of life, and end-of-life preferences in these conditions can only be approached by adopting a third-person perspective. Surveys of healthcare workers’ attitudes towards pain and end of life in disorders of consciousness shed light on the background of clinical reality, where no standard medical-legal framework is widely accepted. On the other hand, patients with locked-in syndrome, who are severely paralyzed but fully conscious, can inform about subjective quality of life in serious disability and help us to understand better the underlying factors influencing happiness in disease. In the medico-legal arena, such ethical issues may be resolved by previously drafted advance directives and, when absent, by surrogate representation. Lately, functional medical imaging and electrophysiology provide alternative means to communicate with these challenging patients and will potentially mediate to extract responses of medical-ethical content. Eventually, the clinical translation of these advanced technologies in the medical routine is of paramount importance for the promotion of medical management of these challenging patients.

Author : Robert M. Taylor
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080634

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by Robert M. Taylor Pdf

Clinical ethics is the application of ethical theories, principles, rules, and guidelines to clinical situations in medicine. Therefore, clinical ethics is analogous to clinical medicine in that general principles and concepts must be applied intelligently and thoughtfully to unique clinical circumstances. The three major ethical theories are consequentialism, whereby the consequences of an action determine whether it is ethical; deontology, whereby to be ethical is to do one’s duty, and virtue ethics, whereby ethics is a matter of cultivating appropriate virtues. In the real world of medicine, most people find that all three perspectives offer useful insights and are complementary rather than contradictory. The most common approach to clinical ethical analysis is principlism. According to principlism, the medical practitioner must attempt to uphold four important principles: respect for patient autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. When these principles conflict, resolving them depends on the details of the case. Alternative approaches to medical ethics, including the primacy of beneficence, care-based ethics, feminist ethics, and narrative ethics, help to define the limitations of principlism and provide a broader perspective on medical ethics.

Author : C. Christopher Hook,Keith M. Swetz,Paul S. Mueller
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080658

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by C. Christopher Hook,Keith M. Swetz,Paul S. Mueller Pdf

The increasing complexity of healthcare creates numerous ethical challenges in patient care and in institutional functions and policies. During the past several decades, clinical ethics consultation services and institutional ethics committees have been developed to assist patients, medical professionals, and institutions in addressing ethical challenges. This chapter discusses the nature of clinical ethics consultation and the training of ethics consultants and committees. The authors review the experience at their institution (Mayo Clinic). Finally, the value of ethics consultation, as described in the medical literature, is reviewed.

Author : Eran Klein,Jason Karlawish
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080825

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by Eran Klein,Jason Karlawish Pdf

Caring for persons with Alzheimer’s disease presents neurologists with ethical challenges. Some of these, such as end-of-life care or research participation, are well known and have significant overlap with challenges in other areas of medicine or other neurologic diseases, such as cancer or traumatic brain injury, while others, such as the rise of biomarker-based diagnostics, are more novel and reflect the impact of developments in the science and clinical care of Alzheimer’s disease. A thoughtful and systematic approach to these challenges, from the preclinical to the late symptomatic stage of this disease, is required and will help clinicians be better advocates and stewards of their patients. This chapter addresses a number of the most pressing ethical problems facing patients, caregivers, and clinicians during this disease, including early and presymptomatic testing, assessment of decision-making capacity for treatment or research participation, restriction of driving, remote monitoring, assisted suicide, and treatment of disruptive behaviors.

Author : Thomas P. Morley
Publisher : Springfield, Ill. : Thomas
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Brain death
ISBN : UOM:39015003226720

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Moral, Ethical, and Legal Issues in the Neurosciences by Thomas P. Morley Pdf

Author : Peter B. Kang
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128080849

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Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology by Peter B. Kang Pdf

The field of neurogenetics is moving so rapidly that new discoveries are announced almost weekly. The tools available for the diagnosis of neurogenetic disorders have become powerful and complex, and raise new ethical dilemmas that did not exist just a few years ago. In addition to previous concerns about presymptomatic genetic testing and carrier testing, the widening availability of next-generation sequencing raises concerns about the reporting of incidental findings of unclear significance. Genetically targeted therapies have now been proven to be efficacious for a few neurogenetic diseases, and it is likely that gene therapies and cell-based therapies will soon be applied to other neurologic disorders. These therapies are generally quite expensive compared to other treatments. Given the cost constraints that will be needed in the healthcare system in the United States and other countries, and the likelihood that new genetically targeted therapies will be introduced, society will face difficult questions regarding its obligations to fund expensive therapies both for large populations and for small numbers of patients with rare diseases. Potential conflicts of interest involving both individuals and institutions will need ongoing vigilance. Scientific advances will continue to raise consequential ethical questions in the field of neurogenetics.