Europa Vasconica Europa Semitica

Author : Theo Vennemann gen. Nierfeld
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 1000 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011-07-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110905700

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Europa Vasconica - Europa Semitica by Theo Vennemann gen. Nierfeld Pdf

This book presents the theory that the linguistic and cultural landscape of Europe north of the Alps and the Pyrenees was shaped in prehistoric times by the interaction of Indo-European speakers with speakers of languages related to Basque and to Semitic. These influences on the lexicon, grammar, and toponymy of the West Indo-European languages (with special focus on Germanic) are demonstrated in German and English research papers, provided here with summaries, commentaries, and a new introduction in English, and with general and etymological indexes.

Author : Theo Vennemann gen. Nierfeld
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 764 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110301090

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Germania Semitica by Theo Vennemann gen. Nierfeld Pdf

Germania Semitica explores prehistoric language contact in general, and attempts to identify the languages involved in shaping Germanic in particular. The book deals with a topic outside the scope of other disciplines concerned with prehistory, such as archaeology and genetics, drawing its conclusions from the linguistic evidence alone, relying on language typology and areal probability. The data for reconstruction comes from Germanic syntax, phonology, etymology, religious loan names, and the writing system, more precisely from word order, syntactic constructions, word formation, irregularities in phonological form, lexical peculiarities, and the structure and rules of the Germanic runic alphabet. It is demonstrated that common descent is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for reconstruction. Instead, lexical and structural parallels between Germanic and Semitic languages are explored and interpreted in the framework of modern language contact theory.

Author : Lyle Campbell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317610908

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Language Isolates by Lyle Campbell Pdf

Language Isolates explores this fascinating group of languages that surprisingly comprise a third of the world’s languages. Individual chapters written by experts on these languages examine the world's major language isolates and language isolates by geographic regions, with up-to-date descriptions of many, including previously unrecorded language isolates. Each language isolate represents a unique lineage and a unique window on what is possible in human language, making this an essential volume for anyone interested in understanding the diversity of languages and the very nature of human language. Language Isolates is key reading for professionals and students in linguistics and anthropology.

Author : Bernard Comrie
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1125 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781317290490

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The World's Major Languages by Bernard Comrie Pdf

The World's Major Languages features over 50 of the world's languages and language families. This revised edition includes updated bibliographies for each chapter and up-to-date census figures. The featured languages have been chosen based on the number of speakers, their role as official languages and their cultural and historical importance. Each language is looked at in depth, and the chapters provide information on both grammatical features and on salient features of the language's history and cultural role. The World’s Major Languages is an accessible and essential reference work for linguists.

Author : Irén Heged?s,Alexandra Fodor
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027248435

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English Historical Linguistics 2010 by Irén Heged?s,Alexandra Fodor Pdf

The use of linguistic forms derived from the lexicon denoting sacred entities is often subject to tabooing behaviour. In the 15th and 16th century phrases like by gogges swete body or by cockes bones allowed speakers to address God without really saying the name; cf. Hock (1991: 295). The religious interjections based on the phonetically corrupt gog and cock are evidenced to have gained currency in the 16th century. In the 17th century all interjections based on religious appellations ceased to appear on stage in accordance with the regulations of the Act to Rest.

Author : Robert Mailhammer,Theo Vennemann
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027262141

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The Carthaginian North: Semitic influence on early Germanic by Robert Mailhammer,Theo Vennemann Pdf

This book presents a new and innovative theory on the origin of the Germanic languages. This theory presents solutions to four pivotal problems in the history of Germanic with critical implications for cultural history: the origin of the Germanic writing system (the Runic alphabet), the genesis of the Germanic strong verbs, the development of the Germanic word order, and etymologies for key elements of the Germanic lexicon. The book proposes that all four problems can be solved if it is hypothesized that over 2,000 years ago the ancestor of all Germanic languages, Proto-Germanic, was in intensive contact with Punic, a Semitic language from the Mediterranean. This scenario is explored by focusing on linguistic data, supported by an interdisciplinary mosaic of evidence. This book is of interest to anyone working on the linguistic and cultural history of the Germanic languages.

Author : Juliette Blevins
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2018-08-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780429000263

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Advances in Proto-Basque Reconstruction with Evidence for the Proto-Indo-European-Euskarian Hypothesis by Juliette Blevins Pdf

This book presents a new reconstruction of Proto-Basque, the mother language of modern Basque varieties, historical Basque, and Aquitanian, grounded in traditional methods of historical linguistics. Building on a long tradition of Basque scholarship, the comparative method and internal reconstruction, informed by the phonetic bases of sound change and phonological typology, are used to explain previously underappreciated alternations and asymmetries in Basque sound patterns, resulting in a radically new view of the proto-language. The comparative method is then used to compare this new Proto-Basque with Proto-Indo-European, revealing regular sound correspondences in basic vocabulary and grammatical formatives. Evaluation of these results supports a distant genetic relationship between Proto-Basque and Proto-Indo-European, and offers new insights into specific linguistic properties of these two ancient languages. This comprehensive volume, which includes a detailed appendix including Proto-Basque/Proto-Indo-European cognate sets, will be of general interest to linguists, archeologists, historians, and geneticists, and of particular interest to scholars in historical linguistics, phonetics and phonology, language change, and Basque and Indo-European studies.

Author : Sture Ureland,Lelija Sovcanac
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783832544447

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Glottogenesis and Language Conflicts in Europe by Sture Ureland,Lelija Sovcanac Pdf

This book consisting of 21 articles is the result of three different symposia held in Zadar (2013), Moscow (2014) and Strasbourg (2016) with focus on two major topics: Glottogenesis and Conflicts in Europe and Safeguarding and protection of European lesser-used languages as formulated in the 1992 EU-Charter. PART I: Univ. of Zadar GLOTTOGENESIS ON THE EUROPEAN CONTINENT: General Introduction (Ureland), Hamel: From the Ice Age to modern languages SOUTHERN EUROPE: Genesis of French (Schmitt), Italian (Agresti, Begioni) and Spanish (Lüdtke) SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE: Genesis of Croatian (Socanac, Granic, Skelin Horvat/Simicic; Skevin/Markovic; Bulgarian (Choparinova) EASTERN EUROPE: Genesis of Russian (Oleinichenko, Iamshanova) CENTRAL EUROPE: Genesis of Germanic (Krasukhin) WESTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE: Genesis of (Celtic): (Broderick) NORTHERN EUROPE: Genesis of North Sámi (Weinstock) PART II: Linguistic Institute of the Academy of Sciences Moscow Introduction (Ureland); Report on the Moscow Round Table (De Geer); The LSJ-Project (Steller) PART III: René Schickele-Gesellschaft and Council of Europe, Strasbourg Introduction (Ureland); Kalmyk (Bitkeeva); Latin (Merolle); Colloquium in Strasbourg (Woehrling)

Author : Robert Mailhammer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110198782

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The Germanic Strong Verbs by Robert Mailhammer Pdf

As a contribution to the ongoing discussion of the genesis of the Germanic language, this book investigates the strong verbs of Proto-Germanic using a new approach that combines historical and typological morphology with quantitative etymology. It reveals that the morphological peculiarities and the etymological problems of the strong verbs have been considerably underestimated. The first part of the book explains how drastically the inherited verb system was transformed when it was uniformized and simplified around a functionalized verbal ablaut. In particular, it is shown that the systemic position of ablaut is typologically different from that in the verb morphology of the Indo-European parent language. Moreover, the origin of the lengthened grade preterits and other well-known morphological problems of the strong verbs are discussed. After developing a methodological framework, the second part of the book presents a quantitative analysis of the etymological situation of the strong verbs. It demonstrates that the etymological relations of the strong verbs are significantly less clear than commonly assumed, as almost half of them have no accepted etymology. A comparative quantification of the primary verbs of Sanskrit and Ancient Greek, both of which possess much better etymological connections within the Indo-European language family, underlines the significance of the Germanic data and the validity of the analytical framework. Taken together, the investigations presented in this book put the Germanic strong verbs in a new and markedly different light. Their largely obscure etymological situation in combination with their far-reaching morphological restructuring has telling implications for the prehistory of the Germanic languages and suggests new pathways for future research.

Author : Alexander Lubotsky,J. Schaeken,Jeroen Wiedenhof
Publisher : Rodopi
Page : 628 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Linguistics
ISBN : 9789042024700

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Evidence and Counter-evidence: Balto-Slavic and Indo-European linguistics by Alexander Lubotsky,J. Schaeken,Jeroen Wiedenhof Pdf

Author : John T. Koch,Barry Cunliffe
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-09-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781785702280

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Celtic from the West 3 by John T. Koch,Barry Cunliffe Pdf

"The Celtic languages and groups called Keltoi (i.e. 'Celts') emerge into our written records at the pre-Roman Iron Age. The impetus for this book is to explore from the perspectives of three disciplines--archaeology, genetics, and linguistics--the background in later European prehistory to these developments. There is a traditional scenario, according to which, Celtic speech and the associated group identity came in to being during the Early Iron Age in the north Alpine zone and then rapidly spread across central and western Europe. This idea of 'Celtogenesis' remains deeply entrenched in scholarly and popular thought. But it has become increasingly difficult to reconcile with recent discoveries pointing towards origins in the deeper past. It should no longer be taken for granted that Atlantic Europe during the 2nd and 3rd millennia BC were pre-Celtic or even pre-Indo-European. The explorations in Celtic from the West 3 are drawn together in this spirit, continuing two earlier volumes in the influential series"--Provided by publisher.

Author : Robert Drews
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351982412

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Militarism and the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe by Robert Drews Pdf

This book argues that the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe essentially began shortly before 1600 BC, when lands rich in natural resources were taken over by military forces from the Eurasian steppe and from southern Caucasia. First were the copper and silver mines (along with good harbors) in Greece, and the copper and gold mines of the Carpathian basin. By ca. 1500 BC other military men had taken over the amber coasts of Scandinavia and the metalworking district of the southern Alps. These military takeovers offer the most likely explanations for the origins of the Greek, Keltic, Germanic and Italic subgroups of the Indo-European language family. Battlefield warfare and militarism, Robert Drews contends, were novelties ca. 1600 BC and were a consequence of the military employment of chariots. Current opinion is that militarism and battlefield warfare are as old as formal states, going back before 3000 BC. Another current opinion is that the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe happened long before 1600 BC. The "Kurgan theory" of Marija Gimbutas and David Anthony dates it from late in the fifth to early in the third millennium BC and explains it as the result of horse-riding conquerors or raiders coming to Europe from the steppe. Colin Renfrew’s Archaeology and Language dates the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe to the seventh and sixth millennia BC, and explains it as a consequence of the spread of agriculture in a "wave of advance" from Anatolia through Europe. Pairing linguistic with archaeological evidence Drews concludes that in Greece and Italy, at least, no Indo-European language could have arrived before the second millennium BC.

Author : Jared Klein,Brian Joseph,Matthias Fritz
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110523874

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Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics by Jared Klein,Brian Joseph,Matthias Fritz Pdf

This book presents the most comprehensive coverage of the field of Indo-European Linguistics in a century, focusing on the entire Indo-European family and treating each major branch and most minor languages. The collaborative work of 120 scholars from 22 countries, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics combines the exhaustive coverage of an encyclopedia with the in-depth treatment of individual monographic studies.

Author : Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Finno-Ugrians
ISBN : UCLA:L0105507636

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Mémoires de la Société finno-ougrienne by Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura Pdf

Author : Bernd Kortmann,Johan van der Auwera
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 934 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2011-07-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110220261

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The Languages and Linguistics of Europe by Bernd Kortmann,Johan van der Auwera Pdf

Open publicationThe Languages and Linguistics of Europe: A Comprehensive Guide is part of the multi-volume reference work on the languages and linguistics of the continents of the world. The book supplies profiles of the language families of Europe, including the sign languages. It also discusses the areal typology, paying attention to the Standard Average European, Balkan, Baltic and Mediterranean convergence areas. Separate chapters deal with the old and new minority languages and with non-standard varieties. A major focus is language politics and policies, including discussions of the special status of English, the relation between language and the church, language and the school, and standardization. The history of European linguistics is another focus as is the history of multilingual European 'empires' and their dissolution. The volume is especially geared towards a graduate and advanced undergraduate readership. It has been designed such that it can be used, as a whole or in parts, as a textbook, the first of its kind, for graduate programmes with a focus on the linguistic (and linguistics) landscape of Europe.