Evaluating Cereal Market Dis Integration In Sudan

Author : Abay, Kibrom A.,Abdelfattah, Lina Alaaeldin,Breisinger, Clemens,Siddig, Khalid
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Evaluating cereal market (dis)integration in Sudan by Abay, Kibrom A.,Abdelfattah, Lina Alaaeldin,Breisinger, Clemens,Siddig, Khalid Pdf

This paper evaluates spatial market and price transmission in cereal markets in Sudan, focusing on wheat and sorghum, two major cereal crops. We use comprehensive and long-ranging monthly cereal price data and a multivariate vector of error-correction cointegration models (VECM) to characterize both short-term and long-term price transmissions across local cereal markets. We find that among the 15 local wheat markets and 18 sorghum markets we can only detect significant spatial market integration among 7 wheat and 10 sorghum markets. Despite some strong spatial market integration among a few neighboring markets, there is no market integration between several regions. For example, cereal markets in Darfur are not integrated with cereal markets in the rest of the country. Among integrated markets, we observe significant variations in the strength of price transmission elasticities as well as speed of adjustment to longterm equilibrium, which implies that shocks (and price policies) in some markets can affect only some other markets. Most of the strong price transmission and spatial market dependence follow existing trade flows and road networks, insinuating that infrastructural barriers may be obstructing spatial market integration. We also find that markets in production surplus states are less responsive to price changes in neighboring markets than those located in cereal deficit states. Finally, we also observe relatively stronger spatial integration and short-term adjustment in sorghum markets than wheat markets. Shocks to sorghum prices in sorghum producing markets have permanent impact while shocks to wheat prices in wheat producing markets endure transitory effects. These findings have important policy implications for improving the efficiency of cereal markets in Sudan and other similar settings.

Author : Abay, Kibrom A.,Abdelaziz, Fatma,Abdelfattah, Lina Alaaeldin,Breisinger, Clemens,Dorosh, Paul A.,Resnick, Danielle,Siddig, Khalid,William, Amy
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Wheat subsidies, wheat markets and food security in Sudan: Current state and options for the future by Abay, Kibrom A.,Abdelaziz, Fatma,Abdelfattah, Lina Alaaeldin,Breisinger, Clemens,Dorosh, Paul A.,Resnick, Danielle,Siddig, Khalid,William, Amy Pdf

This policy note summarizes the key findings from the following four research papers prepared by the International Food Policy Research Institute with financial support by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID): 1. Bottlenecks in Sudan’s Wheat Value Chains: Insights from Surveys 2. Evaluating Cereal Market (Dis)Integration in Sudan 3. Distributional Consequences of Wheat Policy in Sudan: A Simulation Model Analysis 4. Political Economy of Wheat Value Chains in Post-Revolution Sudan

Author : Abay, Kibrom A.,Breisinger, Clemens,Glauber, Joseph W.,Kurdi, Sikandra,Laborde Debucquet, David,Siddig, Khalid
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

The Russia-Ukraine crisis: Implications for global and regional food security and potential policy responses by Abay, Kibrom A.,Breisinger, Clemens,Glauber, Joseph W.,Kurdi, Sikandra,Laborde Debucquet, David,Siddig, Khalid Pdf

This paper analyzes the implications of the Russian-Ukraine crisis on global and regional food security. We start with a global vulnerability analysis to identify most vulnerable regions and countries. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is particularly vulnerable to trade shocks because of its high food import dependence. Thus, we provide descriptive evidence characterizing how food systems and policies impact vulnerability to the price shock in selected MENA countries: Egypt, Sudan, and Yemen. Within these countries, we show that the crisis will differentially impact poor and non-poor households as well as rural and urban households. Although the absolute level of food insecurity may still be higher in rural areas where larger numbers of poor households are located, urban poor are likely to suffer most because of the Russia-Ukraine crisis and associated hikes in food prices, especially in those countries where social protection and food subsidies are missing. On the policy side, we review lessons from previous food crises and identify actions needed to take (and to avoid) to protect most vulnerable countries and households in the short-term while also highlighting long-term policy options to diversify food, fertilizer and energy production and trade.

Author : Amare, Mulubrhan,Abay, Kibrom A.,Hatzenbuehler, Patrick L.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023-11-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Spatial market integration of food markets during a shock: Evidence from food markets in Nigeria by Amare, Mulubrhan,Abay, Kibrom A.,Hatzenbuehler, Patrick L. Pdf

This paper uses comprehensive and long time series monthly food price data and a panel dyadic regression framework to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated policy responses on spatial market integration across a diverse set of food items in Nigeria. The empirical results reveal several important insights. First, we show that a significant slowdown in the speed of adjustment and price transmission occurred during the pandemic. For some food items, the speed of adjustment and, by implication, spatial market integration weakened by two- to-threefold after the pandemic outbreak. The effect was specially pronounced for perishable food items. Second, lockdown measures and the spread of the pandemic triggered additional dispersion in market prices across markets. For example, lockdown measures were associated with a 5–10 percent reduction in the speed of readjustment toward long-term equilibrium. Third, additional underlying attributes of markets, including lack of access to digital infrastructure and distance between markets, exacerbated impacts associated with the pandemic. For instance, access to Internet service reduced the slowdown in the speed of adjustment caused by the pandemic, but longer distances between market pairs induced greater slowdown in the speed of price transmission. Our findings offer important insights for revitalizing the efficiency of food markets affected by the pandemic. The heterogenous impacts of the pandemic across value chains and markets reinforce the need to properly target post-pandemic recovery interventions and investments. Finally, we offer some insights to reduce the vulnerability of food and market systems to disruptions in future pandemics or similar phenomena that inhibit food marketing and trade.

Author : Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2023-04-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781668489253

Get Book

Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine Crisis on the Agricultural Sector by Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues Pdf

The agricultural sector has undergone significant changes in response to both the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine turmoil. These changes have significantly affected markets and distribution chains due to lockdowns and rising energy prices within the global food production economy. Some of these issues stemmed from a lack of available labor due to pandemic shutdowns, a lowered demand for certain commodities, and the Ukraine regional crisis has led to a 25% decrease in agricultural production and output. A thorough evaluation of the real impacts of these events is necessary to identify the main factors and provide concepts for future adjustments that may create a more resilient agriculture industry. Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine Crisis on the Agricultural Sector offers a novel and valuable contribution to the scientific community by examining the true effects of compounded crises on the global agricultural sector. The author, Vítor João Pereira Domingues Martinho, draws on over 20 years of experience in agriculture and economics, with expertise in areas such as agricultural policy, European Union food markets, and more. This book is an ideal resource for students, professors, researchers, farmers, and policymakers from national and international organizations. Its methodologies and insights provide crucial information for stakeholders seeking to understand the implications of these crises on the agricultural sector.

Author : Dorosh, Paul A.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Distributional consequences of wheat policy in Sudan: A simulation model analysis by Dorosh, Paul A. Pdf

Despite reforms in early 2021, including a devaluation of the currency and a liberalization of imports, there remain significant distortions in Sudan’s wheat value chain, especially related to subsidized sales prices of flatbread. This flatbread subsidy, a key component of wheat policy, is not well-targeted. Calculations based on 2009 national household survey data and current 2021 prices and wheat supply show that urban poor households annually receive slightly less from this subsidy than urban non-poor households (18,900 and 20,800 SDG/capita). Rural poor households receive only 2,700 SDG/capita. This paper presents the results of several simulations of a partial equilibrium model of Sudan’s wheat economy that are designed to analyze the impacts of recent shocks and various policy options. Model simulations show that increased wheat imports, such as those financed by food aid, add to supplies for processing into wheat flour, flatbread, and other wheat products, resulting in lower prices for consumers and increased consumption, but also disincentives for production. A 300,000 ton increase in wheat imports, as occurred in early 2021, results in an 8 percent increase in wheat consumption and a 35 percent decline in the market price of non-flatbread wheat products. Production falls by 12 percent. Since flatbread prices are unchanged, wheat consumption of the urban poor, for whom flatbread is the major wheat product consumed, increases by only 4 percent. Raising flatbread prices by 30 percent to reduce the size of the fiscal subsidy reduces total consumption of flatbread by 17 percent and sharply reduces wheat consumption and real incomes of the urban poor. All households suffer a loss of 41 to 45 percent in the value of flatbread subsidies received. The urban poor experience the largest decline in total consumption of wheat (14 percent) and in total income (11 percent). (The average total income loss for all households is only 3 percent.) Reducing the flatbread subsidy without a compensating income transfer would significantly reduce the welfare of the urban poor and likely threaten political stability. Our results suggest that a combination of key wheat policies involving high levels of imports – including injection of food aid wheat into the economy in late 2020 – and subsidized flatbread will significantly benefit urban poor households. Nonetheless, the are important data gaps on several aspects of the wheat sector, including no recent nationally representative household expenditure survey data. In addition, greater transparency, including publication of quantities and prices of government purchases, sales of wheat and wheat flour, and quantities and prices of subsidized flatbread across the country has the potential to significantly increase the efficiency of the entire wheat sector. As shown in this paper, Sudan’s wheat policies in recent years, such as increased wheat imports, price subsidies in the wheat value chain, and low prices of flatbread, have in general favored consumers, to the detriment of producers. These interventions in the wheat value chain, especially those related to subsidies on flatbread, have especially large effects on the welfare of urban households, making these policies particularly politically sensitive. However, they have entailed high fiscal costs, threatening macro-economic stability and crowding out other possible investments to promote growth and poverty reduction. Careful policy analysis and ongoing monitoring of outcomes and new developments will be needed to help guide the important choices ahead.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251038619

Get Book

The World Sorghum and Millet Economies by Anonim Pdf

Shorghum and millet: production trends, utilization, stocks, international trade, international market prices, international marketing and domestic policies, technological change, enviromental issues and focus of research, medium-term outlook. Annex I: types of millet. Annex II: relative importance of millet species, 1992-94. Sorghum and millet statistics.

Author : Jennifer Clapp,Marc J. Cohen
Publisher : Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1554581982

Get Book

The Global Food Crisis by Jennifer Clapp,Marc J. Cohen Pdf

The global food crisis is a stark reminder of the fragility of the global food system. The Global Food Crisis: Governance Challenges and Opportunities captures the debate about how to go forward and examines the implications of the crisis for food security in the world’s poorest countries, both for the global environment and for the global rules and institutions that govern food and agriculture. In this volume, policy-makers and scholars assess the causes and consequences of the most recent food price volatility and examine the associated governance challenges and opportunities, including short-term emergency responses, the ecological dimensions of the crisis, and the longer-term goal of building sustainable global food systems. The recommendations include vastly increasing public investment in small-farm agriculture; reforming global food aid and food research institutions; establishing fairer international agricultural trade rules; promoting sustainable agricultural methods; placing agriculture higher on the post-Kyoto climate change agenda; revamping biofuel policies; and enhancing international agricultural policy-making. Co-published with the Centre for International Governance Innovation

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Economic development
ISBN : STANFORD:36105119487234

Get Book

A.I.D. Research and Development Abstracts by Anonim Pdf

Author : Andy Clark
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2008-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437903799

Get Book

Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by Andy Clark Pdf

Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.

Author : Luca Alinovi,Günter Hemrich,Luca Russo
Publisher : Practical Action
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015082753297

Get Book

Beyond Relief by Luca Alinovi,Günter Hemrich,Luca Russo Pdf

In many countries, prolonged conflicts result in food emergencies that recur over years or even decades. Initial humanitarian relief efforts are rarely replaced by programs that offer a longer-term perspective on food security. This book provides examples of opportunities to bridge the gap between emergency relief and longer term developmental approaches, which can help us rethink how to support food security in protracted crises.Somalia, Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo have all been affected by severe protracted crises. For the first time, evidence and in-depth analysis from these countries sheds light on how to support the livelihoods of local populations. Using concrete examples, "Beyond Relief" demonstrates how food security means different things in different contexts while also advocating a crosscutting learning process for longer-term approaches to protracted crisis.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Organization
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9251093741

Get Book

State of Food and Agriculture by Food and Agriculture Organization Pdf

Unless action is taken now to make agriculture more sustainable, productive and resilient, climate change impacts will seriously compromise food production in countries and regions that are already highly food-insecure. The Paris Agreement, adopted in December 2015, represents a new beginning in the global effort to stabilize the climate before it is too late. It recognizes the importance of food security in the international response to climate change, as reflected by many countries prominent focus on the agriculture sector in their planned contributions to adaptation and mitigation. To help put those plans into action, this report identifies strategies, financing opportunities, and data and information needs. It also describes transformative policies and institutions that can overcome barriers to implementation. The State of Food and Agriculture is produced annually. Each edition contains an overview of the current global agricultural situation, as well as more in-depth coverage of a topical theme."

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251045097

Get Book

Handbook for Defining and Setting Up a Food Security Information and Early Warning System (FSIEWS). by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

The World Food Summit, held in Rome in November 1996, recognised the urgent need for better information. As a result the FIVIMS (Food Insecurity and Vulnerability Information and Mapping System) initiative was launched, as a co-operative venture, to assist countries and the international community to identify the "who, where and why" of food insecurity. Even before the Summit, many countries had established approaches for this purpose based on multidisciplinary networks, at national and local levels. One of these approaches, developed first in French-speaking Africa, is the FSIEWS method (Food Security Information and Early Warning System) proposed in this handbook as one of the tools available to those engaged in the fight against hunger. This contribution to the FIVIMS initiative is addressed to the national technical officers at central and decentralised level, as well as to their collaborators from the technical assistance community.

Author : Alexander Sarris
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2010-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781849806367

Get Book

Food Security in Africa by Alexander Sarris Pdf

'As they often do, Jamie Morrison and Alexander Sarris have provided researchers, policy-makers, and the interested public with the firm empirical grounding needed for sound agricultural development policies. They have synthesized from a rich and varied set of country studies a unique contribution to one of the key challenges of our times increasing the productivity of smallholder food production in the age of globalization.' Timothy A. Wise, Tufts University, US 'Food security has been a major concern in Africa for decades, and a more pressing problem with recent increases in food prices. The editors and contributors to this volume are experts in the field and should be commended for a timely, informative and in places challenging analysis of food production and markets in eastern and southern Africa. The volume brings a refreshing variety of theoretical, analytical and informed case study approaches to bear on the food security problem; it should be read by anybody seriously interested in African development.' Oliver Morrissey, University of Nottingham, UK Drawing on insights from theoretical applications, empirically based approaches and case study experience, this book contributes to the improved design and use of trade and related policy interventions in staple food markets. Trade policy interventions have a potentially critical role to play in the development of staple food markets in developing countries and, as a source of revenue, in wider processes of rural development. Governments have long defended trade and related policy interventions in staple food markets on the basis of food security concerns. However, the design and implementation of these policies has often resulted in unintended impacts, increasing the risks faced by private sector actors and reducing their incentives for investment in improved market performance. In the context of increasingly volatile staple food markets, this book, commissioned from leading experts in this field, seeks to enhance dialogue between stakeholders involved in, and affected by, the design and use of trade and related policy interventions. This significant book will appeal to policy analysts and decision makers influential in the design and implementation of trade and related market interventions, as well as students of development economics. Researchers contributing to debates on the use and impacts of trade and related market interventions in staple food markets in poor countries will also find this volume of great benefit.

Author : Harry Verhoeven
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107061149

Get Book

Water, Civilisation and Power in Sudan by Harry Verhoeven Pdf

Water, Civilisation and Power in Sudan offers an alternative account of how water policy, violence, and economic modernisation are linked.