Evolution Of A Taboo

Author : Max D. Price
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021-01-07
Category : SOCIAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 9780197543276

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Evolution of a Taboo by Max D. Price Pdf

"From their domestication to their taboo, the role of pigs in the ancient Near East is one of the most complicated topics in archaeology. Rejecting monocausal explanations, this book adopts an evolutionary approach and uses zooarchaeology and texts to unravel the cultural significance of swine from the Paleolithic to today. Five major themes emerge: The domestication of the pig from wild boar in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic, the unique roles that pigs developed in agricultural economies before and after the development of complex societies, the raising of swine in cities, the shifting ritual roles of pigs, and the formation and development of the pork taboo in Judaism and, later, Islam. The development of this taboo has inspired much academic debate. I argue that the well-known taboo described in Leviticus reflects the intention of the Biblical writers to develop an image of a glorious pastoral ancestry for a heroic Israelite past, something they achieved by tying together existing food traditions. These included a taboo on pigs, which was developed early in the Iron Age during conflicts between Israelites and Philistines and was revitalized by the Biblical writers. The taboo persisted and mutated, gaining strength over the next two and a half millennia. In particular, the pig taboo became a point of contention in the ethno-political struggles between Jewish and Greco-Roman cultures in the Levant. Ultimately, it was this continued evolution within the context of ethnic and religious politics that gave the pig taboo the strength it has today"--

Author : Jonathan H. Turner,Alexandra Maryanski
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2015-12-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317257677

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Incest by Jonathan H. Turner,Alexandra Maryanski Pdf

Throughout history humans have been fascinated with incest. Stories, fables, literature, philosophers, church officials, and scientists have explored this mysterious topic. The taboo is critical to human survival, as incest threatens the species and patterns of human social organization. Drawing upon the rich legacy of theory, empirical data, and speculation about the origins of the incest taboo, this book develops a new explanation for, not only the emergence of the taboo in hominid and human evolutionary history, but also for the varying strength of the taboo for the incestuous dyads of the nuclear family, the different rates of incest of these dyads, and the dramatic differences the psychological pathology incest has on its younger victims. Synthesizing findings from biology, sociobiology, neurology, primatology, clinical psychology, anthropology, and sociology, the authors weave together a scenario of how natural selection initially generated mechanisms of sexual avoidance; and then, as the nuclear family emerged in hominid and human evolution, how sociocultural selection led to the development of the incest taboo.

Author : Jon Entine
Publisher : PublicAffairs
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2008-08-05
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9780786724505

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Taboo by Jon Entine Pdf

In virtually every sport in which they are given opportunity to compete, people of African descent dominate. East Africans own every distance running record. Professional sports in the Americas are dominated by men and women of West African descent. Why have blacks come to dominate sports? Are they somehow physically better? And why are we so uncomfortable when we discuss this? Drawing on the latest scientific research, journalist Jon Entine makes an irrefutable case for black athletic superiority. We learn how scientists have used numerous, bogus "scientific" methods to prove that blacks were either more or less superior physically, and how racist scientists have often equated physical prowess with intellectual deficiency. Entine recalls the long, hard road to integration, both on the field and in society. And he shows why it isn't just being black that matters—it makes a huge difference as to where in Africa your ancestors are from.Equal parts sports, science and examination of why this topic is so sensitive, Taboois a book that will spark national debate.

Author : Carole A Travis-Henikoff
Publisher : Santa Monica Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781595809964

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Dinner with a Cannibal by Carole A Travis-Henikoff Pdf

Presenting the history of cannibalism in concert with human evolution, Dinner with a Cannibal takes its readers on an astonishing trip around the world and through history, examining its subject from every angle in order to paint the incredible, multifaceted panoply that is the reality of cannibalism. At the heart of Carole A. Travis-Henikoff’s book is the question of how cannibalism began with the human species and how it has become an unspeakable taboo today. At a time when science is being battered by religions and failing teaching methods, Dinner with a Cannibal presents slices of multiple sciences in a readable, understandable form nested within a wealth of data. With history, paleoanthropology, science, gore, sex, murder, war, culinary tidbits, medical facts, and anthropology filling its pages, Dinner with a Cannibal presents both the light and dark side of the human story; the story of how we came to be all the things we are today.

Author : Elsa Simões Lucas Freitas
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027254238

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Taboo in Advertising by Elsa Simões Lucas Freitas Pdf

Taboos are much more than just a synonym of 'forbidden'. Proof of the concept's complexity can be found in the way ads often try to hide the taboo inherent to their products or, conversely, in the way certain taboo readings are foregrounded on purpose in other ads. This volume shows why and how that happens, using print and television ads to exemplify (a) the elaborate strategies used by ads for certain products to cleverly hide the taboo inherent to them, and (b) the deliberate recourse to taboo references in ads for products that do not present any taboo connotation. The linguistic analysis undertaken takes into account the different modes (verbal language, music, sound effects, moving and static images) that convey meaning in ads. Taboo is very often conveyed or disguised through one of the channels while the others play the opposite role, thus achieving a balance that prevents the ad from being too obscure to be understood or too daring for the general public to accept it. For this comprehensive approach, concepts are drawn from different disciplines: textual and semiotic analysis from linguistics, theories of taboo from anthropology, and background to advertising from media studies.

Author : Éric D. Taillard
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031137143

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Design of Heuristic Algorithms for Hard Optimization by Éric D. Taillard Pdf

This open access book demonstrates all the steps required to design heuristic algorithms for difficult optimization. The classic problem of the travelling salesman is used as a common thread to illustrate all the techniques discussed. This problem is ideal for introducing readers to the subject because it is very intuitive and its solutions can be graphically represented. The book features a wealth of illustrations that allow the concepts to be understood at a glance. The book approaches the main metaheuristics from a new angle, deconstructing them into a few key concepts presented in separate chapters: construction, improvement, decomposition, randomization and learning methods. Each metaheuristic can then be presented in simplified form as a combination of these concepts. This approach avoids giving the impression that metaheuristics is a non-formal discipline, a kind of cloud sculpture. Moreover, it provides concrete applications of the travelling salesman problem, which illustrate in just a few lines of code how to design a new heuristic and remove all ambiguities left by a general framework. Two chapters reviewing the basics of combinatorial optimization and complexity theory make the book self-contained. As such, even readers with a very limited background in the field will be able to follow all the content.

Author : Bijata Ketan Panigraphi,Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan,Swagatam Das,Suresh Chandra Satapathy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2011-12-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642272417

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Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing, Part II by Bijata Ketan Panigraphi,Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan,Swagatam Das,Suresh Chandra Satapathy Pdf

These two volumes, LNCS 7076 and LNCS 7077, constitute the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing, SEMCCO 2011, held in Visakhapatnam, India, in December 2011. The 124 revised full papers presented in both volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 422 submissions. The papers explore new application areas, feature new bio-inspired algorithms for solving specific hard optimization problems, and review the latest progresses in the cutting-edge research with swarm, evolutionary, and memetic computing in both theoretical and practical aspects.

Author : Brian M. Mazanec
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781612347769

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The Evolution of Cyber War by Brian M. Mazanec Pdf

Former secretary of defense Leon Panetta once described cyber warfare as “the most serious threat in the twenty-first century,” capable of destroying our entire infrastructure and crippling the nation. Already, major cyber attacks have affected countries around the world: Estonia in 2007, Georgia in 2008, Iran in 2010, and most recently the United States. As with other methods of war, cyber technology can be used not only against military forces and facilities but also against civilian targets. Information technology has enabled a new method of warfare that is proving extremely difficult to combat, let alone defeat. And yet cyber warfare is still in its infancy, with innumerable possibilities and contingencies for how such conflicts may play out in the coming decades. Brian M. Mazanec examines the worldwide development of constraining norms for cyber war and predicts how those norms will unfold in the future. Employing case studies of other emerging-technology weapons—chemical and biological, strategic bombing, and nuclear weaponry—Mazanec expands previous understandings of norm-evolution theory, offering recommendations for U.S. policymakers and citizens alike as they grapple with the reality of cyber terrorism in our own backyard.

Author : Nina Tannenwald
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0521524288

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The Nuclear Taboo by Nina Tannenwald Pdf

Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what she calls a nuclear taboo - a widespread inhibition on using nuclear weapons - which has arisen in global politics. Drawing on newly released archival sources, Tannenwald traces the rise of the nuclear taboo, the forces that produced it, and its influence, particularly on US leaders. She analyzes four critical instances where US leaders considered using nuclear weapons (Japan 1945, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War 1991) and examines how the nuclear taboo has repeatedly dissuaded US and other world leaders from resorting to these 'ultimate weapons'. Through a systematic analysis, Tannenwald challenges conventional conceptions of deterrence and offers a compelling argument on the moral bases of nuclear restraint as well as an important insight into how nuclear war can be avoided in the future.

Author : Arthur P. Wolf
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780804751414

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Inbreeding, Incest, and the Incest Taboo by Arthur P. Wolf Pdf

Why is incest widely prohibited? Why does the scope of the prohibition vary from society to society? Why does incest occur despite the prohibition? What are the consequences? To reexamine these questions, this book brings together contributions from the fields of genetics, behavioral biology, primatology, biological and social anthropology, philosophy, and psychiatry.

Author : Frank Byron Jevons
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1896
Category : Religion
ISBN : HARVARD:HWRLYR

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An Introduction to the History of Religion by Frank Byron Jevons Pdf

Author : Edited by Tigran Aivazian
Publisher : Tigran Aivazian
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Religion
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The British Study Edition of the Urantia Papers Book [eReader PDF] by Edited by Tigran Aivazian Pdf

The British Study Edition of the Urantia Papers is based on the standard SRT text, but uses the metric system and adds a critical apparatus of textual variants and study notes.

Author : Nico Nassenstein,Anne Storch
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781501511080

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Swearing and Cursing by Nico Nassenstein,Anne Storch Pdf

While most of the more recent influential work on swearing has concentrated on English and other languages from the Global North, looking at forms and functions of swear words, this contribution redirects the necessary focus onto a sociolinguistics of swearing that puts transgressive practices in non-Western languages into the focus. The transdisciplinary volume contains innovative case studies that address swearing and cursing in parts of the world characterized by consequences of colonialism and increasingly debated inequalities. Turning away from more conventional and established methodologies and theoretical approaches, the book envisages to address transgressive linguistic practices, performances and contexts in Africa, Asia, America and Europe –including individuals' creativity, subversive power and agency. Due to its interdisciplinary and non-mainstream focus, this volume is an essential addition to the field of studies.

Author : Stephen K. Sanderson
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0847695352

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The Evolution of Human Sociality by Stephen K. Sanderson Pdf

This text attempts a broad theoretical synthesis within the field of sociology and its closely allied sister discipline of anthropology. It draws together these disciplines' theoretical approaches into a synthesized theory called Darwinian conflict theory.

Author : Matt J. Rossano
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-08-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231535465

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Mortal Rituals by Matt J. Rossano Pdf

A psychology professor examines what the survivors of the airplane crash hailed “The Miracle of the Andes” can show us about human evolution. On December 21, 1972, sixteen young survivors of Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 were rescued after spending ten weeks stranded at the crash site of their plane, high in the remote Andes Mountains. The incident made international headlines and spawned several best-selling books, fueled partly by the fact that the young men had resorted to cannibalism to survive. Matt Rossano examines this story from an evolutionary perspective, weaving together findings and ideas from anthropology, psychology, religion, and cognitive science. During their ordeal, these young men broke “civilized” taboos to fend off starvation and abandoned “civilized” modes of thinking to maintain social unity and individual sanity. Through the power of ritual, the survivors were able to endure severe emotional and physical hardship. Rossano ties their story to our story, seeing in the mortal rituals of this struggle for survival a reflection of what it means to be human. “[Rossano’s] narrative describes a “microcosm of human evolution,” and I think this book will grab the interest of many readers―students as well as the general public―as it teaches essential facts about the way Homo sapiens evolved.”—David Hicks, Stony Brook University and Clare College, Cambridge University “[Rossano] masterfully weaves a moving contemporary drama with a compelling account of the evolutionary history of ritual and religion. An impressive accomplishment and a truly captivating read from start to finish.”—Richard Sosis, University of Connecticut, cofounder and coeditor of Religion, Brain, & Behavior