Evolution Of Primary Producers In The Sea

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Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea

Paul Falkowski,Andrew H. Knoll
Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea Book PDF

Author : Paul Falkowski,Andrew H. Knoll
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080550517

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Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea by Paul Falkowski,Andrew H. Knoll Pdf

Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea reference examines how photosynthesis evolved on Earth and how phytoplankton evolved through time – ultimately to permit the evolution of complex life, including human beings. The first of its kind, this book provides thorough coverage of key topics, with contributions by leading experts in biophysics, evolutionary biology, micropaleontology, marine ecology, and biogeochemistry. This exciting new book is of interest not only to students and researchers in marine science, but also to evolutionary biologists and ecologists interested in understanding the origins and diversification of life. Evolution of Primary Producers in the Sea offers these students and researchers an understanding of the molecular evolution, phylogeny, fossil record, and environmental processes that collectively permits us to comprehend the rise of phytoplankton and their impact on Earth's ecology and biogeochemistry. It is certain to become the first and best word on this exhilarating topic. Discusses the evolution of phytoplankton in the world's oceans as the first living organisms and the first and basic producers in the earths food chain Includes the latest developments in the evolution and ecology of marine phytoplankton specifically with additional information on marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles The only book to consider of the evolution of phytoplankton and its role in molecular evolution, biogeochemistry, paleontology, and oceanographic aspects Written at a level suitable for related reading use in courses on the Evolution of the Biosphere, Ecological and Biological oceanography and marine biology, and Biodiversity

The Major Transitions in Evolution Revisited

Brett Calcott,Kim Sterelny
The Major Transitions in Evolution Revisited Book PDF

Author : Brett Calcott,Kim Sterelny
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262294539

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The Major Transitions in Evolution Revisited by Brett Calcott,Kim Sterelny Pdf

Drawing on recent advances in evolutionary biology, prominent scholars return to the question posed in a pathbreaking book: how evolution itself evolved. In 1995, John Maynard Smith and Eörs Szathmáry published their influential book The Major Transitions in Evolution. The "transitions" that Maynard Smith and Szathmáry chose to describe all constituted major changes in the kinds of organisms that existed but, most important, these events also transformed the evolutionary process itself. The evolution of new levels of biological organization, such as chromosomes, cells, multicelled organisms, and complex social groups radically changed the kinds of individuals natural selection could act upon. Many of these events also produced revolutionary changes in the process of inheritance, by expanding the range and fidelity of transmission, establishing new inheritance channels, and developing more open-ended sources of variation. Maynard Smith and Szathmáry had planned a major revision of their work, but the death of Maynard Smith in 2004 prevented this. In this volume, prominent scholars (including Szathmáry himself) reconsider and extend the earlier book's themes in light of recent developments in evolutionary biology. The contributors discuss different frameworks for understanding macroevolution, prokaryote evolution (the study of which has been aided by developments in molecular biology), and the complex evolution of multicellularity.

The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”

Sauro Longhi,Andrea Monteriù,Alessandro Freddi,Lucia Aquilanti,Maria Gabriella Ceravolo,Oliana Carnevali,Mario Giordano,Gianluca Moroncini
The First Outstanding 50 Years of Universit Politecnica delle Marche Book PDF

Author : Sauro Longhi,Andrea Monteriù,Alessandro Freddi,Lucia Aquilanti,Maria Gabriella Ceravolo,Oliana Carnevali,Mario Giordano,Gianluca Moroncini
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030338329

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The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche” by Sauro Longhi,Andrea Monteriù,Alessandro Freddi,Lucia Aquilanti,Maria Gabriella Ceravolo,Oliana Carnevali,Mario Giordano,Gianluca Moroncini Pdf

The book describes the significant multidisciplinary research findings at the Università Politecnica delle Marche and the expected future advances. It addresses some of the most dramatic challenges posed by today’s fast-growing, global society and the changes it has caused. It also discusses solutions to improve the wellbeing of human beings. The book covers the main research achievements in the various disciplines of the life sciences, and includes chapters that highlight mechanisms relevant to all aspects of human diseases, the molecular, cellular, and functional basis of therapy, and its translation into the management of people’s health needs. It also describes research on traditional and innovative foods to enhance quality, safety and functionality, and to develop bioactive/nutraceutical compounds. Further chapters address conservation and management of various environments, from the forests to the oceans, describing the studies on countermeasures against climate changes and terrestrial/aquatic pollutants, and on terrestrial/marine biodiversity, ecosystems and landscapes, erosion of genetic biodiversity, innovative aquaculture feed, sustainable crop production and management of forests. Lastly, the book reports the findings of research work on different classes of biomolecules, and on the molecular basis of antibiotic resistances and their diffusion.

Marine Biology: a Very Short Introduction

Philip Mladenov
Marine Biology a Very Short Introduction Book PDF

Author : Philip Mladenov
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198841715

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Marine Biology: a Very Short Introduction by Philip Mladenov Pdf

The oceans are our planet's most distinctive and imposing natural habitat. They cover 71 percent of its surface; support a remarkably diverse and exquisitely adapted array of life forms, from microscopic viruses, bacteria, and plankton to the largest existing animals; and possess many of Earth's most significant, intriguing, and inaccessible ecosystems. In an era in which humans are significantly altering the global environment, the oceans are undergoing rapid and profound changes. The study of marine biology is thus taking on added importance and urgency as people struggle to understand and manage these changes to protect our marine ecosystems. Healthy oceans produce half of the oxygen we breathe; stabilize our climate; create ecosystems that protect our coasts from storms; provide us with abundant food; and host diverse organisms that provide us with natural products for medicine and biotechnology. In this Very Short Introduction, marine biologist Philip Mladenov provides an accessible and up-to-date overview of marine biology, offering a tour of marine life and marine processes that ranges from the unimaginably abundant microscopic organisms that drive the oceans' food web to the apex predators that we exploit for food; from polar ocean ecosystems to tropical coral reefs; and from the luxurious kelp beds of the coastal ocean to deep-ocean hydrothermal vents where life exists without the energy of the sun. Throughout the book he considers the human impacts on marine life including overfishing, plastic and nutrient pollution, the spread of exotic species, and ocean warming and acidification. He discusses the threats these pose to our welfare, and the actions required to put us on a path to a more sustainable relationship with our oceans so that they can be restored and protected for future generations. Mladenov concludes with a new chapter offering an inspiring vision for the future of our oceans in 2050 that can be realised if we are wise enough to accelerate actions already underway and be bold with implementing new approaches. The next decade will decide the state of the oceans that we leave behind for future generations. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Fundamentals of Geobiology

Andrew H. Knoll,Don E. Canfield,Kurt O. Konhauser
Fundamentals of Geobiology Book PDF

Author : Andrew H. Knoll,Don E. Canfield,Kurt O. Konhauser
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 876 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118280881

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Fundamentals of Geobiology by Andrew H. Knoll,Don E. Canfield,Kurt O. Konhauser Pdf

2012 PROSE Award, Earth Science: Honorable Mention For more than fifty years scientists have been concerned with the interrelationships of Earth and life. Over the past decade, however, geobiology, the name given to this interdisciplinary endeavour, has emerged as an exciting and rapidly expanding field, fuelled by advances in molecular phylogeny, a new microbial ecology made possible by the molecular revolution, increasingly sophisticated new techniques for imaging and determining chemical compositions of solids on nanometer scales, the development of non-traditional stable isotope analyses, Earth systems science and Earth system history, and accelerating exploration of other planets within and beyond our solar system. Geobiology has many faces: there is the microbial weathering of minerals, bacterial and skeletal biomineralization, the roles of autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolisms in elemental cycling, the redox history in the oceans and its relationship to evolution and the origin of life itself.. This book is the first to set out a coherent set of principles that underpin geobiology, and will act as a foundational text that will speed the dissemination of those principles. The chapters have been carefully chosen to provide intellectually rich but concise summaries of key topics, and each has been written by one or more of the leading scientists in that field.. Fundamentals of Geobiology is aimed at advanced undergraduates and graduates in the Earth and biological sciences, and to the growing number of scientists worldwide who have an interest in this burgeoning new discipline. Additional resources for this book can be found at: http://www.wiley.com/go/knoll/geobiology.

In Search of the Causes of Evolution

Peter R. Grant,B. Rosemary Grant
In Search of the Causes of Evolution Book PDF

Author : Peter R. Grant,B. Rosemary Grant
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-07-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400837090

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In Search of the Causes of Evolution by Peter R. Grant,B. Rosemary Grant Pdf

Evolutionary biology has witnessed breathtaking advances in recent years. Some of its most exciting insights have come from the crossover of disciplines as varied as paleontology, molecular biology, ecology, and genetics. This book brings together many of today's pioneers in evolutionary biology to describe the latest advances and explain why a cross-disciplinary and integrated approach to research questions is so essential. Contributors discuss the origins of biological diversity, mechanisms of evolutionary change at the molecular and developmental levels, morphology and behavior, and the ecology of adaptive radiations and speciation. They highlight the mutual dependence of organisms and their environments, and reveal the different strategies today's researchers are using in the field and laboratory to explore this interdependence. Peter and Rosemary Grant--renowned for their influential work on Darwin's finches in the Galápagos--provide concise introductions to each section and identify the key questions future research needs to address. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Myra Awodey, Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Rowan D. H. Barrett, May R. Berenbaum, Paul M. Brakefield, Philip J. Currie, Scott V. Edwards, Douglas J. Emlen, Joshua B. Gross, Hopi E. Hoekstra, Richard Hudson, David Jablonski, David T. Johnston, Mathieu Joron, David Kingsley, Andrew H. Knoll, Mimi A. R. Koehl, June Y. Lee, Jonathan B. Losos, Isabel Santos Magalhaes, Albert B. Phillimore, Trevor Price, Dolph Schluter, Ole Seehausen, Clifford J. Tabin, John N. Thompson, and David B. Wake.

Deep-Sea Sediments

H. Huneke,T. Mulder
Deep Sea Sediments Book PDF

Author : H. Huneke,T. Mulder
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 865 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2011-02-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444530004

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Deep-Sea Sediments by H. Huneke,T. Mulder Pdf

'Deep-Sea Sediments' focuses on the sedimentary processes operating within the various modern and ancient deep-sea environments. The chapters track the way of sedimentary particles from continental erosion or production in the marine realm, to transport into the deep sea, to final deposition on the sea floor.

Paleoecology

David J. Bottjer
Paleoecology Book PDF

Author : David J. Bottjer
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2016-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118455821

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Paleoecology by David J. Bottjer Pdf

Paleoecology is a discipline that uses evidence from fossils to provide an understanding of ancient environments and the ecological history of life through geological time. This text covers the fundamental approaches that have provided the foundation for present paleoecological understanding, and outlines new research areas in paleoecology for managing future environmental and ecological change. Topics include the use of actualism in paleoecology, development of paleoecological models for paleoenvironmental reconstruction, taphonomy and exceptional fossil preservation, evolutionary paleoecology and ecological change through time, and conservation paleoecology. Data from studies of invertebrates, vertebrates, plants and microfossils, with added emphasis on bioturbation and microbial sedimentary structures, are discussed. Examples from marine and terrestrial environments are covered, with a particular focus on periods of great ecological change, such as the Precambrian-Cambrian transition and intervals of mass extinction. Readership: This book is designed for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in the earth and biological sciences, as well as researchers and applied scientists in a range of related disciplines.

The Late Eocene Earth

Christian Koeberl,Alessandro Montanari
The Late Eocene Earth Book PDF

Author : Christian Koeberl,Alessandro Montanari
Publisher : Geological Society of America
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780813724522

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The Late Eocene Earth by Christian Koeberl,Alessandro Montanari Pdf

The Late Eocene and the Eocene-Oligocene (E-O) transition mark the most profound oceanographic and climatic changes of the past 50 million years of Earth history, with cooling beginning in the middle Eocene and culminating in the major earliest Oligocene Oi-1 isotopic event. The Late Eocene is characterized by an accelerated global cooling, with a sharp temperature drop near the E-O boundary, and significant stepwise floral and faunal turnovers. These global climate changes are commonly attributed to the expansion of the Antarctic ice cap following its gradual isolation from other continental masses. However, multiple extraterrestrial bolide impacts, possibly related to a comet shower that lasted more than 2 million years, may have played an important role in deteriorating the global climate at that time. This book provides an up-to-date review of what happened on Earth at the end of the Eocene Epoch.

Echoes of Life

Susan M. Gaines,Geoffrey Eglinton,Jurgen Rullkotter
Echoes of Life Book PDF

Author : Susan M. Gaines,Geoffrey Eglinton,Jurgen Rullkotter
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2008-11-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 0199721084

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Echoes of Life by Susan M. Gaines,Geoffrey Eglinton,Jurgen Rullkotter Pdf

In 1936 a German chemist identified certain organic molecules that he had extracted from ancient rocks and oils as the fossil remains of chlorophyll--presumably from plants that had lived and died millions of years in the past. It was another twenty-five years before this insight was developed and the term "biomarker" coined to describe fossil molecules whose molecular structures could reveal the presence of otherwise elusive organisms and processes. Echoes of Life is the story of these molecules and how they are illuminating the history of the earth and its life. It is also the story of how a few maverick organic chemists and geologists defied the dictates of their disciplines and--at a time when the natural sciences were fragmenting into ever-more-specialized sub-disciplines--reunited chemistry, biology and geology in a common endeavor. The rare combination of rigorous science and literary style--woven into a historic narrative that moves naturally from the simple to the complex--make Echoes of Life a book to be read for pleasure and contemplation, as well as education.

Evolution of Lightweight Structures

Christian Hamm
Evolution of Lightweight Structures Book PDF

Author : Christian Hamm
Publisher : Springer
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401793988

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Evolution of Lightweight Structures by Christian Hamm Pdf

This volume contains studies on the evolution and function of lightweight constructions of planktonic and other organisms, and examples of how they can be used to create new solutions for radical innovations of lightweight constructions for technological application. The principles and underlying processes responsible for evolution and biodiversity of marine plankton organisms are highly relevant and largely unresolved issues in the field of marine science. Amongst the most promising objects for the study of evolution of stable lightweight constructions are marine organisms such as diatoms or radiolarians. Research in these fields requires interdisciplinary expertises such as in evolutionary modelling, paleontology, lightweight optimization, functional morphology, and marine ecology. Considerable effort and expert knowledge in production engineering or lightweight optimization is necessary to transfer knowledge on biogenic structures and evolutionary principles into new lightweight solutions. This book show methods and examples of how this can be achieved efficiently.

The Physiology of Microalgae

Michael A. Borowitzka,John Beardall,John A. Raven
The Physiology of Microalgae Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Borowitzka,John Beardall,John A. Raven
Publisher : Springer
Page : 673 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319249452

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The Physiology of Microalgae by Michael A. Borowitzka,John Beardall,John A. Raven Pdf

This book covers the state-of-the-art of microalgae physiology and biochemistry (and the several –omics). It serves as a key reference work for those working with microalgae, whether in the lab, the field, or for commercial applications. It is aimed at new entrants into the field (i.e. PhD students) as well as experienced practitioners. It has been over 40 years since the publication of a book on algal physiology. Apart from reviews and chapters no other comprehensive book on this topic has been published. Research on microalgae has expanded enormously since then, as has the commercial exploitation of microalgae. This volume thoroughly deals with the most critical physiological and biochemical processes governing algal growth and production.

Cell Physiology Source Book

Nicholas Sperelakis
Cell Physiology Source Book Book PDF

Author : Nicholas Sperelakis
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 997 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2011-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123877574

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Cell Physiology Source Book by Nicholas Sperelakis Pdf

Cell Physiology Source Book gathers together a broad range of ideas and topics that define the field. It provides clear, concise, and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of cellular physiology from fundamental concepts to more advanced topics. The 4e contains substantial new material. Most chapters have been thoroughly reworked. The book includes chapters on important topics such as sensory transduction, the physiology of protozoa and bacteria, and synaptic transmission. Authored by leading researchers in the field Clear, concise, and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of cellular physiology, from fundamental concepts to more advanced topics Full color illustrations

Ocean Acidification

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring
Ocean Acidification Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2010-10-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309153591

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Ocean Acidification by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring Pdf

The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.

Environmental Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aquatic Microbial Organisms

Christel Hassler,Martha Gledhill,Veronique Schoemann
Environmental Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aquatic Microbial Organisms Book PDF

Author : Christel Hassler,Martha Gledhill,Veronique Schoemann
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889191307

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Environmental Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aquatic Microbial Organisms by Christel Hassler,Martha Gledhill,Veronique Schoemann Pdf

The Environmental Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aquatic Microbial Organisms describes the interactions between metals and aquatic prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms in their environment. Metals influence microbial growth in the aquatic environment as they can be either toxic to aquatic microbes, if present at too high concentrations in the environment, or limiting, if bio-essential and present at very low concentrations. In turn, microorganisms influence the biogeochemical cycling of metals as they affect trace metal concentrations, distributions between particulate and dissolved phase, and chemical speciation. At the sub cellular level, metalloproteins are the catalysts driving many steps in the biogeochemical cycles of major elements such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Metals thus provide a link between the abundance and activity of enzymes, the growth of microorganisms, and the biogeochemical cycles of major climate influencing elements. Furthermore, the evolution of the chemistry of aquatic environments and atmosphere has left its mark on the microbial proteome as a direct result of changes in the solubility of metals. The aquatic microbial metallome thus has the potential to reveal information about key biogeochemical processes, their spatial and seasonal occurrence, and also to reveal how the geochemical environment is shaping the microbial population itself. The aim of this Research Topic is to highlight recent advances in our understanding of how metals influence the activity of aquatic microbes, and how microbes influence the biogeochemical cycling of metals. Applications of techniques in proteomics, spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and genomics are all leading to a greater understanding of the interactions between the microbial metallome and the “aquatic metallome” and thus the influence of metals on the biogeochemical cycles of climatically important elements such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Both reviews and original research on the occurrence and abundance of microbial metal proteins and peptides, the utilisation of metals by aquatic microbes, the influence of microbially produced exudates on metal speciation and the biogeochemical cycling, and the toxicity of metals to microbial organisms are welcome.