Evolution Of Wild Emmer And Wheat Improvement

Author : E. Nevo,A.B. Korol,A. Beiles,T. Fahima
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662071403

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Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement by E. Nevo,A.B. Korol,A. Beiles,T. Fahima Pdf

This book is about the contribution to evolutionary theory and agricultural technology of one of humankind's most dramatic imitations of the evolu tionary process, namely crop domestication, as exemplified by the progenitor of wheat, Triticum dicoccoides. This species is a major model organism and it has been studied at the Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, since 1979. The domestication by humans of wild plants to cultivated ones during the last ten millennia is one of the best demonstrations of evolution. It is a process that has been condensed in time and advanced by artificial rather than natural selection. Plant and animal domestication revolutionized human cultural evolution and is the major factor underlying human civilization. A post-Pleistocene global rise in temperature following the ice age, i.e., climatic-environmental factors, may have induced the expansion of econom ically important thermophilous plants and in turn promoted complex forag ing and plant cultivation. The shift from foraging to steady production led to an incipient agriculture varying in time in various part of the world. In the Levant, agriculture developed out of an intensive specialized exploitation of plants and animals. Natufian sedentism, followed by rapid population growth and resource stress, induced by the expanding desert, coupled with available grinding technology, may have triggered plant domestication.

Author : Moshe Feldman,Avraham A. Levy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 689 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2023-10-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031301759

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Wheat Evolution and Domestication by Moshe Feldman,Avraham A. Levy Pdf

This open access book covers a century of research on wheat genetics and evolution, starting with the discovery in 1918 of the accurate number of chromosomes in wheat. We re-evaluate classical studies that are pillars of the current knowledge considering recent genomic data in the wheat group comprising 31 species from the genera Amblyopyrum, Aegilops, Triticum, and other more distant relatives. For these species, we describe morphology, ecogeographical distribution, phylogeny as well as cytogenetic and genomic features. For crops, we also address evolution under human selection, namely pre-domestication cultivation and domestication. We re-examine the genetic and archeological evidence of where, when, and how domestication occurred. We discuss unique aspects of genome evolution and maintenance under polyploidization, in natural and synthetic allopolyploids of the wheat group. Finally, we propose some thoughts on the future prospects of wheat improvement. As such, it can be of great interest to wheat researchers and breeders as well as to plant scientists and students interested in plant genetics, evolution, domestication, and polyploidy.

Author : Robert J. Redden,Shyam Singh Yadav,Nigel Maxted,Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo,Luigi Guarino,Paul Smith
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2015-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118854372

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Crop Wild Relatives and Climate Change by Robert J. Redden,Shyam Singh Yadav,Nigel Maxted,Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo,Luigi Guarino,Paul Smith Pdf

Two major challenges to continued global food security are the ever increasing demand for food products, and the unprecedented abiotic stresses that crops face due to climate change.Wild relatives of domesticated crops serve as a reservoir of genetic material, with the potential to be used to develop new, improved varieties of crops. Crop Wild Relative and Climate Change integrates crop evolution, breeding technologies and biotechnologies, improved practices and sustainable approaches while exploring the role wild relatives could play in increasing agricultural output. Crop Wild Relative and Climate Change begins with overviews of the impacts of climate change on growing environments and the challenges that agricultural production face in coming years and decades. Chapters then explore crop evolution and the potential for crop wild relatives to contribute novel genetic resources to the breeding of more resilient and productive crops. Breeding technologies and biotechnological advances that are being used to incorporate key genetic traits of wild relatives into crop varieties are also covered. There is also a valuable discussion on the importance of conserving genetic resources to ensure continued successful crop production. A timely resource, Crop Wild Relative and Climate Change will be an invaluable resource for the crop science community for years to come.

Author : Chittaranjan Kole
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642142284

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Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources by Chittaranjan Kole Pdf

Wild crop plants play a significant part in the elucidation and improvement of the genomes of their cultivated counterparts. The 10-volume Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources offers a comprehensive examination of wild crops as a gold mine for breeding. It details the status, origin, distribution, morphology, cytology, genetic diversity and available genetic and genomic resources of numerous wild crop relatives, as well as of their evolution and phylogenetic relationship. Further topics include their role as model plants, genetic erosion and conservation efforts, and their domestication for the purposes of bioenergy, phytomedicines, nutraceuticals and phytoremediation. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources comprises 10 volumes on cereals, millets and grasses, oilseeds, legume crops and forages, vegetables, temperate fruits, tropical and subtropical fruits, industrial crops, plantation and ornamental crops, and forest trees. It contains 126 chapters contributed by 380 authors from 39 countries.

Author : Brett F. Carver
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-09-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780813819235

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Wheat by Brett F. Carver Pdf

Wheat: Science and Trade is an up-to-date, comprehensive reference work designed to expand the current body of knowledge on this staple crop, incorporating new information made available by genetic advances, improvements in the understanding of wheat's biology, and changes in the wheat trade industry. Covering phylogeny and ontogeny, manipulation of the environment and optimal management, genetic improvement, and utilization and commercialization, the book focuses on the most economically significant diseases and impacts

Author : Donald L. Sparks
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128174050

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Advances in Agronomy by Donald L. Sparks Pdf

Advances in Agronomy, Volume 153, the latest release in this comprehensive series, continues its recognition as a leading, first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy. Each volume contains an eclectic group of reviews by leading scientists throughout the world. As always, the subjects covered are rich, varied, and exemplary of the abundant subject matter addressed by this long-running serial. Chapters in this updated volume include Novel Practice and Smart Technologies to Maximize the Nitrogen Fertilizer Value of Manure for Crop Production in Cold Humid Temperate Regions, Nitrogen Fertilization Management of Switchgrass, Miscanthus and Giant Reed: A Review, and much more. Includes numerous, timely, state-of-the-art reviews on the latest advancements in agronomy Features distinguished, well recognized authors from around the world Builds upon the venerable and iconic Advances in Agronomy series Covers the extensive variety and breadth of subject matter in the crop and soil sciences

Author : Pushpendra K. Gupta,R.K. Varshney
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 639 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2006-01-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402023590

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Cereal Genomics by Pushpendra K. Gupta,R.K. Varshney Pdf

Cereals make an important component of daily diet of a major section of human population, so that their survival mainly depends on the cereal grain production, which should match the burgeoning human population. Due to painstaking efforts of plant breeders and geneticists, at the global level, cereal production in the past witnessed a steady growth. However, the cereal production in the past has been achieved through the use of high yielding varieties, which have a heavy demand of inputs in the form of chemical fertilizers, herbicides and insecticides/pesticides, leading to environmental degradation. In view of this, while increasing cereal production, one also needs to keep in mind that agronomic practices used for realizing high productivity do not adversely affect the environment. Improvement in cereal production in the past was also achieved through the use of alien genetic variation available in the wild relatives of these cereals, so that conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources is another important area, which is currently receiving the attention of plant breeders. The work leading to increased cereal production in the past received strong support from basic research on understanding the cereal genomes, which need to be manipulated to yield more from low inputs without any adverse effects as above. Through these basic studies, it also became fairly apparent that the genomes of all cereals are related and were derived from the same lineage, million of years ago.

Author : Nusret Zencirci,Hakan Ulukan,Faheem Shehzad Baloch,Shahid Mansoor,Awais Rasheed
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-08-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031072857

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Ancient Wheats by Nusret Zencirci,Hakan Ulukan,Faheem Shehzad Baloch,Shahid Mansoor,Awais Rasheed Pdf

Wheat (Triticum L.), an annual herbaceous plant in Poacae (Gramineae) family, settles in the Triticeae (Hordeae) subfamily. The grasses (Poaceae Barnhart) are the fifth largest (monocotyledonous flowering) plant family and of great importance for human civilization and life. Cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, and millet are the domesticated ones in the family. It is still the most vital economical plant family in modern times, providing food, forage, building materials (bamboo, thatch), and fuel (ethanol). Wheat has many accessions in national and international gene banks. The estimated number of wheats by FAO in 2010 is 856,000, and, followed by rice (774,000), and barley (467,000). However, the recent consumer's (misdirected) focus on gluten content and nutritional value urges scientists to reexamine their knowledge about wheat (i.e., origin, evolution, and general and special quality characteristics), as well as their wild relatives and landraces for newer possible genetic resources. Cultured or non-cultured ancestral wheats: einkorn, emmer, wild emmer, spelt, macha, and vavilovii are still limitedly grown on the higher areas in Turkey, Italy, Germany, Morocco, Israel, and Balkan countries. They are exploited mostly for their desired agronomic, and specific quality. In some cultures, wheat species are believed to be therapeutic, with bioactive compounds that reduce and inhibit stubborn illnesses such as diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer, and cardiovascular diseases. In this book, we summarize the importance of ancestral wheat species, and provide a prospect for their future with special considerations in terms of species conservation and improvement.

Author : Thomas Miedaner,Viktor Korzun
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780081022139

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Applications of Genetic and Genomic Research in Cereals by Thomas Miedaner,Viktor Korzun Pdf

Applications of Genetic and Genomic Research in Cereals covers new techniques for practical breeding, also discussing genetic and genomic approaches for improving special traits. Additional sections cover drought tolerance, biotic stress, biomass production, the impact of modern techniques on practical breeding, hybrid breeding, genetic diversity, and genomic selection. Written by an international team of top academics and edited by an expert in the field, this book will be of value to academics working in the agricultural sciences and essential reading for professionals working in plant breeding. Provides in-depth and comprehensive coverage of a rapidly developing field Presents techniques used in genetic and genomics research, with coverage of genotyping, gene cloning, genome editing and engineering and phenotyping in various cereals Includes the latest genetic and genomic approaches for improving special traits - drought tolerance, biotic stress and biomass production Covers breeding practices, with chapters on the genetic diversity of wheat, hybrid breeding and the potential of rye and barley crops

Author : Om Prakash Gupta,Sunil Kumar,Anamika Pandey,Mohd. Kamran Khan,Sanjay Kumar Singh,Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000923506

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Wheat Science by Om Prakash Gupta,Sunil Kumar,Anamika Pandey,Mohd. Kamran Khan,Sanjay Kumar Singh,Gyanendra Pratap Singh Pdf

Globally, significant work has been done to enhance our current understanding of the nutritional and anti-nutritional properties, processing, storage, bioactivity, and product development of wheat, opening new frontiers for further improvement. Wheat Science: Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Properties, Processing, Storage, Bioactivity, and Product Development addresses the topics associated with the advances in understanding the wheat biochemical, nutritional, and rheological quality. Improving crop varieties by either conventional breeding or transgenic methods to obtain nutritionally enhanced crops has the advantage of making a one-time investment in research and development to have sustainable products. Features: Includes topics associated with the nutritional composition and anti-nutritional properties Addresses the effects of different processing technologies on flour yield and end products Reviews the effects of storage on nutritional, baking and rheological quality, organoleptic quality, etc. Processing and storage technologies have impacted the nutritional quality and the bioavailability of nutrients in wheat. Due to its peculiar grain protein composition, especially gluten protein, wheat has extensive usage in making numerous end products, eaten round the clock. Researchers have demonstrated a significant effect of alteration of flour-processing technologies on the rheological quality of end products. This book provides a holistic understanding and covers recent developments of wheat science under one umbrella. Emphasis is placed on current trends and advances in nutritional and anti-nutritional properties, processing, storage, bioactivity, and product development. Additionally, efforts have been made to compile the available information on the application of different ingredients of wheat in the industry and pharma sectors.

Author : Dinesh K. Maheshwari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642210617

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Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management by Dinesh K. Maheshwari Pdf

The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance. “Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management” focus on the management of plant nutrient to support plant growth and development. The topics treated in this book include mechanisms of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, zinc and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, sulfur oxidizing bacteria, ACC deaminase, siderophores, phytohormones, quorum-sensing, biofilms, antibiotics, volatiles, denitrification and integrated nutrient management.

Author : Kodoth Prabhakaran Nair
Publisher : Springer
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030230371

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Combating Global Warming by Kodoth Prabhakaran Nair Pdf

This book critically examines the environmental hazards posed by global warming with regard to future food security, which will depend on a combination of stresses, both biotic and abiotic, imposed by climate change; variability of weather within a growing season; and the development of cultivars that are more sensitive to different ambient conditions. Furthermore, the ability to develop effective adaptive strategies which allow these cultivars to express their genetic potential under changing climate conditions will be essential. In turn, the book investigates those plant species which are very closely related to field crops and have the potential to contribute beneficial traits for crop improvement, e.g. resistance to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses, enriching the gene pool, and ultimately leading to enhanced plant yield, known as “Crop Wild Relatives” (CWRs). CWRs hold tremendous potential to sustain and enhance global food security, contributing to human well-being. Accordingly, their development, characterization and conservation in crop breeding programs have assumed great practical importance./div Professor Kodoth Prabhakaran Nair is an internationally acclaimed agricultural scientist, with over three decades of experience in Europe, Africa and Asia, holding some of the most prestigious academic positions, including the National Chair of the Science Foundation, The Royal Society, Belgium. A Senior Fellow of the world renowned Alexander von Humboldt Research Foundation of The Federal Republic of Germany, he is best known, globally, for having developed a revolutionary soil management technique, known as "The Nutrient Buffer Power Concept", which, while questioning the scientific fallacies of the highly soil extractive farming, euphemistically known as the "green revolution", has opened up an alternative path for sensible and scientific soil management

Author : J. Perry Gustafson,Peter H. Raven,Paul R. Ehrlich
Publisher : University of Missouri Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780826274403

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Population, Agriculture, and Biodiversity by J. Perry Gustafson,Peter H. Raven,Paul R. Ehrlich Pdf

This timely collection of 15 original essays written by expert scientists the world over addresses the relationships between human population growth, the need to increase food supplies to feed the world population, and the chances for avoiding the extinction of a major proportion of the world's plant and animal species that collectively makes our survival on Earth possible. These relationships are highly intertwined, and changes in each of them steadily decrease humankind’s chances to achieve environmental stability on our fragile planet. The world population is projected to be nine to ten billion by 2050, signaling the need to increase world food production by more than 70 percent on the same amount of land currently under production—and this without further damaging our fragile environment. The essays in this collection, written by experts for laypersons, present the problems we face with clarity and assess our prospects for solving them, calling for action but holding out viable solutions.

Author : Abram Bent︠s︡ionovich Korolʹ,Solomon Pavlovich Vasser
Publisher : Margulis Michael
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biologists
ISBN : 9789655554014

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The Evolution of Eibi Nevo by Abram Bent︠s︡ionovich Korolʹ,Solomon Pavlovich Vasser Pdf

Author : Solomon P. Wasser,Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323907538

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New Horizons in Evolution by Solomon P. Wasser,Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern Pdf

New Horizons in Evolution is a compendium of the latest research, analyses, and theories of evolutionary biology. Chapters are collected from the international symposium held by the Board of Governors of the University of Haifa to honor Dr. Eviatar Nevo, founder and director of the Institute of Evolution. This book includes material written by top global scientists. Such detailed summaries and recent advances include topics like genomics, epigenetics, evolutionary theory, and the evolution of cancer. This book analyzes evolutionary biology of animals, such as lizards and subterranean mammals. It also discusses agricultural evolution, specifically the vital wheat crop in various climates and locations. Each chapter contributes the most up-to-date knowledge of evolution’s role in speciation, adaptation, and regulation. New Horizons in Evolution is a valuable resource for researchers involved in evolution, evolutionary biology, and evolutionary theory. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students in evolutionary biology courses will also find this useful due to the high expertise level and latest knowledge available through this resource. Examines the evolution of species in extreme conditions Discusses the role of evolution in medicine and cancer research Features the latest data and advances in evolution theory