Explanation In The Special Sciences

Author : Marie I. Kaiser,Oliver R. Scholz,Daniel Plenge,Andreas Hüttemann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400775633

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Explanation in the Special Sciences by Marie I. Kaiser,Oliver R. Scholz,Daniel Plenge,Andreas Hüttemann Pdf

Biology and history are often viewed as closely related disciplines, with biology informed by history, especially in its task of charting our evolutionary past. Maximizing the opportunities for cross-fertilization in these two fields requires an accurate reckoning of their commonalities and differences—precisely what this volume sets out to achieve. Specially commissioned essays by a team of recognized international researchers cover the full panoply of topics in these fields and include notable contributions on the correlativity of evolutionary and historical explanations, applying to history the latest causal-mechanical approach in the philosophy of biology, and the question of generalized laws that might pertain across the two subjects. The collection opens with a vital interrogation of general issues on explanation that apart from potentially fruitful areas of interaction (could the etiology of the causal-mechanical perspective in biology account for the historical trajectory of the Roman Empire?) this volume also seeks to chart relative certainties distinguishing explanations in biology and history. It also assesses techniques such as the use of probabilities in biological reconstruction, deployed to overcome the inevitable gaps in physical evidence on early evolution. Methodologies such as causal graphs and semantic explanation receive in-depth analysis. Contributions from a host of prominent and widely read philosophers ensure that this new volume has the stature of a major addition to the literature. ​

Author : Sahotra Sarkar
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0815322658

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Logical Empiricism and the Special Sciences by Sahotra Sarkar Pdf

Twenty-nine collected essays represent a critical history of Shakespeare's play as text and as theater, beginning with Samuel Johnson in 1765, and ending with a review of the Royal Shakespeare Company production in 1991. The criticism centers on three aspects of the play: the love/friendship debate.

Author : Robert E. Butts,Jaakko Hintikka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401011419

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Foundational Problems in the Special Sciences by Robert E. Butts,Jaakko Hintikka Pdf

The Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science was held at the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, 27 August to 2 September 1975. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, and was sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada and the University of Western Ontario. As those associated closely with the work of the Division over the years know weIl, the work undertaken by its members varies greatly and spans a number of fields not always obviously related. In addition, the volume of work done by first rate scholars and scientists in the various fields of the Division has risen enormously. For these and related reasons it seemed to the editors chosen by the Divisional officers that the usual format of publishing the proceedings of the Congress be abandoned in favour of a somewhat more flexible, and hopefully acceptable, method of pre sentation. Accordingly, the work of the invited participants to the Congress has been divided into four volumes appearing in the University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science. The volumes are entitled, Logic, Foundations of Mathematics and Computability Theory, Foun dational Problems in the Special Sciences, Basic Problems in Methodol ogy and Linguistics, and Historical and Philosophical Dimensions of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science.

Author : Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400720299

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Special Sciences and the Unity of Science by Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman Pdf

Science is a dynamic process in which the assimilation of new phenomena, perspectives, and hypotheses into the scientific corpus takes place slowly. The apparent disunity of the sciences is the unavoidable consequence of this gradual integration process. Some thinkers label this dynamical circumstance a ‘crisis’. However, a retrospective view of the practical results of the scientific enterprise and of science itself, grants us a clear view of the unity of the human knowledge seeking enterprise. This book provides many arguments, case studies and examples in favor of the unity of science. These contributions touch upon various scientific perspectives and disciplines such as: Physics, Computer Science, Biology, Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology, and Economics.

Author : Thomas S. Kuhn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Historia de la fisica
ISBN : 0226458032

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The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas S. Kuhn Pdf

Author : Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400720305

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Special Sciences and the Unity of Science by Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman Pdf

Science is a dynamic process in which the assimilation of new phenomena, perspectives, and hypotheses into the scientific corpus takes place slowly. The apparent disunity of the sciences is the unavoidable consequence of this gradual integration process. Some thinkers label this dynamical circumstance a ‘crisis’. However, a retrospective view of the practical results of the scientific enterprise and of science itself, grants us a clear view of the unity of the human knowledge seeking enterprise. This book provides many arguments, case studies and examples in favor of the unity of science. These contributions touch upon various scientific perspectives and disciplines such as: Physics, Computer Science, Biology, Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology, and Economics.

Author : David K. Henderson
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1993-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 079141406X

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Interpretation and Explanation in the Human Sciences by David K. Henderson Pdf

Henderson examines the foundations of an analytic social science approach to develop a well-integrated account of the human sciences, focusing on the pivotal notions of interpretation and explanation. The author acknowledges the importance of interpretive understanding in the human sciences, and proposes a methodology that reflects both interpretive practice as well as scientific methodology. He refutes the methodological separatists who hold that the logic of explanation and testing in the human sciences is fundamentally different from that of the natural sciences, and examines in detail the constraints on interpretation. In providing an integrated treatment of these two central issues in social science, Henderson offers a thorough analysis of the adequacy of interpretation and the nature of explanation in the human sciences.

Author : Johannes Persson,Petri Ylikoski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2007-05-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402055812

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Rethinking Explanation by Johannes Persson,Petri Ylikoski Pdf

The nature of scientific explanation has been an important topic in philosophy of science for many years. This book highlights some of the conceptual problems that still need to be solved and points out a number of fresh philosophical ideas to explore.

Author : Jaegwon Kim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1993-11-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521433940

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Supervenience and Mind by Jaegwon Kim Pdf

Jaegwon Kim is one of the most preeminent and most influential contributors to the philosophy of mind and metaphysics. This collection of essays presents the core of his work on supervenience and mind with two sets of postscripts especially written for the book. The essays focus on such issues as the nature of causation and events, what dependency relations other than causal relations connect facts and events, the analysis of supervenience, and the mind-body problem. A central problem in the philosophy of mind is the problem of explaining how the mind can causally influence bodily processes. Professor Kim explores this problem in detail, criticizes the nonreductionist solution of it, and offers a modified reductionist solution of his own. Both professional philosophers and their graduate students will find this an invaluable collection.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on a Conceptual Framework for New K-12 Science Education Standards
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-28
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309214452

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A Framework for K-12 Science Education by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on a Conceptual Framework for New K-12 Science Education Standards Pdf

Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments.

Author : Anouk Barberousse,Denis Bonnay,Mikael Cozic
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 688 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190690656

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The Philosophy of Science by Anouk Barberousse,Denis Bonnay,Mikael Cozic Pdf

Philosophy of science studies the methods, theories, and concepts used by scientists. It mainly developed as a field in its own right during the twentieth century and is now a diversified and lively research area. This book surveys the current state of the discipline by focusing on central themes like confirmation of scientific hypotheses, scientific explanation, causality, the relationship between science and metaphysics, scientific change, the relationship between philosophy of science and science studies, the role of theories and models, unity of science. These themes define general philosophy of science. The book also presents sub-disciplines in the philosophy of science dealing with the main sciences: logic, mathematics, physics, biology, medicine, cognitive science, linguistics, social sciences, and economics. While it is common to address the specific philosophical problems raised by physics and biology in such a book, the place assigned to the philosophy of special sciences is much more unusual. Most authors collaborate on a regular basis in their research or teaching and share a common vision of philosophy of science and its place within philosophy and academia in general. The chapters have been written in close accordance with the three editors, thus achieving strong unity of style and tone.

Author : Igor Hanzel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1999-11-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 079235852X

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The Concept of Scientific Law in the Philosophy of Science and Epistemology by Igor Hanzel Pdf

"In this book Igor Hanzel reconstructs the developmental stages of scientific law, working both with the history of different conceptions of scientific explanation and also within the limitations of each, which then demand further sophistication. As one basic argument of this work, which is deeply analytic as well as dialectical, the author shows that the natural and the social sciences do not operate exclusively with one type of scientific law, nor do they explain phenomena by means of one exclusive method. Thus science is not mono-paradigmatic, but poly-paradigmatic."--Jacket.

Author : Robert E. Butts,Jaakko Hintikka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1977-10-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9027707103

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Foundational Problems in the Special Sciences by Robert E. Butts,Jaakko Hintikka Pdf

Part two of the proceedings of the fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, London, Ontario, Canada, August 27 - September 2, 1975

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Fisheries
ISBN : MINN:30000010642662

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Special Scientific Report by Anonim Pdf

Author : B.F Skinner
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781476716152

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Science And Human Behavior by B.F Skinner Pdf

The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics