Fault Tracing Against Quine Duhem

Author : Sam Mitchell
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110685091

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Fault-Tracing: Against Quine-Duhem by Sam Mitchell Pdf

It is widely believed in philosophy of science that nobody can claim that any verdict of science is forced upon us by the effects of a physical world upon our sense organs and instruments. The Quine-Duhem problem supposedly allows us to resist any conclusion. Views on language aside, Quine is supposed to have shown this decisively. But it is just false. In many scientific examples, there is simply no room to doubt that a particular hypothesis is responsible for a refutation or established by the observations. Fault Tracing shows how to play independently established hypotheses against each other to determine whether an arbitrary hypothesis needs to be altered in the light of (apparently) refuting evidence. It analyses real examples from natural science, as well as simpler cases. It argues that, when scientific theories have a structure that prevents them from using this method, the theory looks wrong, and is subject to serious criticism. This is a new, and potentially far-reaching, theory of empirical justification.

Author : Robin L. Cautin,Scott O. Lilienfeld
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 3215 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780470671276

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The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology, 5 Volume Set by Robin L. Cautin,Scott O. Lilienfeld Pdf

“Recommended. Undergraduates through faculty/researchers; professionals/practitioners;general readers.” – Choice Includes well over 500 A-Z entries of between 500 and 7,500 words in length covering the main topics, key concepts, and influential figures in the field of clinical psychology Serves as a comprehensive reference with emphasis on philosophical and historical issues, cultural considerations, and conflicts Offers a historiographical overview of the ways in which research influences practice Cites the best and most up-to-date scientific evidence for each topic, encouraging readers to think critically 5 Volumes www.encyclopediaclinicalpsychology.com

Author : Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University Daniel Stoljar Senior Fellow
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2006-05-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198041856

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Ignorance and Imagination : The Epistemic Origin of the Problem of Consciousness by Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University Daniel Stoljar Senior Fellow Pdf

Ignorance and Imagination advances a novel way to resolve the central philosophical problem about the mind: how it is that consciousness or experience fits into a larger naturalistic picture of the world. The correct response to the problem, Stoljar argues, is not to posit a realm of experience distinct from the physical, nor to deny the reality of phenomenal experience, nor even to rethink our understanding of consciousness and the language we use to talk about it. Instead, we should view the problem itself as a consequence of our ignorance of the relevant physical facts. Stoljar shows that this change of orientation is well motivated historically, empirically, and philosophically, and that it has none of the side effects it is sometimes thought to have. The result is a philosophical perspective on the mind that has a number of far-reaching consequences: for consciousness studies, for our place in nature, and for the way we think about the relationship between philosophy and science.

Author : Richard L. Summers
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781527555587

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Science as Natural Philosophy and Finding Our Place in the Universe by Richard L. Summers Pdf

The Scientific Revolution began with the publication of Copernicus’ heliocentric theory describing the Sun as the center of our solar system and all the known Universe. That revolutionary idea began a rethinking of our place in the Universe and no longer were the affairs of humanity considered as the centerpiece of all that was known. In the past century, with the advent of the theories of Special and General Relativity, the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum theory, and a more sophisticated conception of living system dynamics, there has been a new understanding of the central role of the observer or experiencer in the determination of natural phenomena and the actualization of reality. Modern advancements in information theory, semiotics, and consciousness studies have also led to a better comprehension of the relationship between 1st person and 3rd person perspectives and the limits of the Scientific Method. Science and religion have always had the common goal of trying to further our understanding of the world and its meaning for us. This book explores a possible return of science to a role as natural philosophy and a pathway to better understanding our place in the Universe.

Author : Daniel Stoljar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199723966

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Ignorance and Imagination by Daniel Stoljar Pdf

Ignorance and Imagination advances a novel way to resolve the central philosophical problem about the mind: how it is that consciousness or experience fits into a larger naturalistic picture of the world. The correct response to the problem, Stoljar argues, is not to posit a realm of experience distinct from the physical, nor to deny the reality of phenomenal experience, nor even to rethink our understanding of consciousness and the language we use to talk about it. Instead, we should view the problem itself as a consequence of our ignorance of the relevant physical facts, Stoljar shows that this change of orientation is well motivated historically, empirically, and philosophically, and that it has none of the side effects it is sometimes thought to have. The result is a philosophical perspective on the mind that has a number of far-reaching consequences: for consciousness studies, for our place in nature, and for the way we think about the relationship between philosophy and science.

Author : Thomas Boylan,Paschal O'Gorman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2007-09-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134358519

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Popper and Economic Methodology by Thomas Boylan,Paschal O'Gorman Pdf

This new book, under the impressive editorship of Thomas Boylan and Paschal O'Gorman, explores a number of major themes central to the work of Karl Popper. The tensions that have resulted from Popperian thought are well documented. How can mainstream orthodox economics be falsifiable while privileging its core of rationality as unquestionable? This book includes expert contributions from thinkers such as Tony Lawson, K. Vela Velupillai and John McCall, who discuss this issue with renewed academic rigour.

Author : Robert Nola,Howard Sankey
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2014-12-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317493488

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Theories of Scientific Method by Robert Nola,Howard Sankey Pdf

What is it to be scientific? Is there such a thing as scientific method? And if so, how might such methods be justified? Robert Nola and Howard Sankey seek to provide answers to these fundamental questions in their exploration of the major recent theories of scientific method. Although for many scientists their understanding of method is something they just pick up in the course of being trained, Nola and Sankey argue that it is possible to be explicit about what this tacit understanding of method is, rather than leave it as some unfathomable mystery. They robustly defend the idea that there is such a thing as scientific method and show how this might be legitimated. This book begins with the question of what methodology might mean and explores the notions of values, rules and principles, before investigating how methodologists have sought to show that our scientific methods are rational. Part 2 of this book sets out some principles of inductive method and examines its alternatives including abduction, IBE, and hypothetico-deductivism. Part 3 introduces probabilistic modes of reasoning, particularly Bayesianism in its various guises, and shows how it is able to give an account of many of the values and rules of method. Part 4 considers the ideas of philosophers who have proposed distinctive theories of method such as Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend and Part 5 continues this theme by considering philosophers who have proposed naturalised theories of method such as Quine, Laudan and Rescher. This book offers readers a comprehensive introduction to the idea of scientific method and a wide-ranging discussion of how historians of science, philosophers of science and scientists have grappled with the question over the last fifty years.

Author : Max M. Houck
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 145 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-23
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781438116884

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Trace Evidence by Max M. Houck Pdf

Explores the microscopic world in which the forensic scientist works by addressing the issues of what constitutes evidence. Covers important methods of trace analysis, including spectroscopy and chromatography, and manufactured and natural fibers and the many ways in which they appear in textiles and are analyzed in the laboratory.

Author : Peter Earl
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781316515099

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Principles of Behavioral Economics by Peter Earl Pdf

Presents the ONE behavioral approach to economics: a grand synthesis of Old, New and Evolutionary behavioral approaches.

Author : Sandra Harding
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401018630

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Can Theories be Refuted? by Sandra Harding Pdf

According to a view assumed by many scientists and philosophers of science and standardly found in science textbooks, it is controlled ex perience which provides the basis for distinguishing between acceptable and unacceptable theories in science: acceptable theories are those which can pass empirical tests. It has often been thought that a certain sort of test is particularly significant: 'crucial experiments' provide supporting empiri cal evidence for one theory while providing conclusive evidence against another. However, in 1906 Pierre Duhem argued that the falsification of a theory is necessarily ambiguous and therefore that there are no crucial experiments; one can never be sure that it is a given theory rather than auxiliary or background hypotheses which experiment has falsified. w. V. Quine has concurred in this judgment, arguing that "our statements about the external world face the tribunal of sense experience not indi vidually but only as a corporate body". Some philosophers have thought that the Duhem-Quine thesis gra tuitously raises perplexities. Others see it as doubly significant; these philosophers think that it provides a base for criticism of the foundational view of knowledge which has dominated much of western thought since Descartes, and they think that it opens the door to a new and fruitful way to conceive of scientific progress in particular and of the nature and growth of knowledge in general.

Author : Christopher Norris
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Anti-realism
ISBN : 0719050936

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New Idols of the Cave by Christopher Norris Pdf

This book offers a broad-based critical survey of recent anti-realist arguments in the philosophy of science, cultural theory, hermeneutics, the sociology of knowledge and the interpretation of quantum-mechanics.

Author : Deborah G. Mayo
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1996-07-15
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0226511979

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Error and the Growth of Experimental Knowledge by Deborah G. Mayo Pdf

Preface1: Learning from Error 2: Ducks, Rabbits, and Normal Science: Recasting the Kuhn's-Eye View of Popper 3: The New Experimentalism and the Bayesian Way 4: Duhem, Kuhn, and Bayes 5: Models of Experimental Inquiry 6: Severe Tests and Methodological Underdetermination7: The Experimental Basis from Which to Test Hypotheses: Brownian Motion8: Severe Tests and Novel Evidence 9: Hunting and Snooping: Understanding the Neyman-Pearson Predesignationist Stance10: Why You Cannot Be Just a Little Bit Bayesian 11: Why Pearson Rejected the Neyman-Pearson (Behavioristic) Philosophy and a Note on Objectivity in Statistics12: Error Statistics and Peircean Error Correction 13: Toward an Error-Statistical Philosophy of Science ReferencesIndex Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.

Author : Giorgio Barba Navaretti,Partha Dasgupta,Karl-Göran Mäler,Domenico Siniscalco
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783662037386

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Creation and Transfer of Knowledge by Giorgio Barba Navaretti,Partha Dasgupta,Karl-Göran Mäler,Domenico Siniscalco Pdf

Is knowledge an economic good? Which are the characteristics of the institutions regulating the production and diffusion of knowledge? Cumulation of knowledge is a key determinant of economic growth, but only recently knowledge has moved to the core of economic analysis. Recent literature also gives profound insights into events like scientific progress, artistic and craft development which have been rarely addressed as socio-economic institutions, being the domain of sociologists and historians rather than economists. This volume adopts a multidisciplinary approach to bring knowledge in the focus of attention, as a key economic issue.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Physics
ISBN : CHI:55087588

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Physics Essays by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UVA:X004309423

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South African Journal of Philosophy by Anonim Pdf