Federal Solutions For Fragile States In The Middle East Right Sizing Internal Borders

Author : Liam Anderson,Vaughn Shannon
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781800610071

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Federal Solutions For Fragile States In The Middle East: Right-sizing Internal Borders by Liam Anderson,Vaughn Shannon Pdf

In most regions of the world, federalism (territorial autonomy) is used as a successful institutional means of dispersing political power and accommodating ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity. The Middle East is an exception. Aside from the anomalous case of the U.A.E and Iraq's troubled experiment with federalism, Middle Eastern regimes have largely resisted efforts to decentralize political power. As a result, the norm in the region has been highly centralized, unitary systems that have, more often than not, paved the way for authoritarian rule or played witness to serious internal fragmentation and conflict divided along ethnic or religious lines.Federal Solutions for Fragile States in the Middle East makes an argument for the implementation of federalism in the post-conflict states of the Middle East. The argument operates on two levels: the theoretical and the practical. The theoretical case for federalism is backed by empirical evidence, but to accurately evaluate the practical and logistical feasibility of its implementation in any given case requires detailed knowledge of 'real world' political realities. The book's focus is on four post-conflict states — Iraq, Syria, Yemen, and Libya — though the arguments advanced within have broad regional applicability.

Author : Mujib Alam,Sujata Ashwarya
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781040037836

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Arab Spring and Its Legacies by Mujib Alam,Sujata Ashwarya Pdf

The essays in this edited volume seek to understand the regional and international ramifications of the wave of protest demonstrations that swept across West Asia and North Africa in the early 2010s, both on the ground and online. Dissatisfaction with political repression and corruption, economic difficulties and inequities, and a desire for freedom and democracy all played a role in the Arab Spring uprisings. It deposed long-standing dictatorships, ushering in a period of insecurity and instability that would have long-term consequences for the region's political economy and international relations. Although the protests have ended, the legacy of that turbulent era will live on, most notably in the acceleration of regional change and transformation. Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)

Author : Lorenzo Kamel
Publisher : Edizioni Nuova Cultura
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9788868128289

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The Frailty of Authority by Lorenzo Kamel Pdf

Governance failures, combined with 21st-century social, economic, environmental and demographic conditions, have all contributed to paving the way for the rise of highly heterogeneous non-state and quasi-state actors in the Middle East. Has the state, then, been irremediably undermined, or will the current transition lead to the emergence of new state entities? How can the crumbling of states and the redrawing of borders be reconciled with the exacerbation of traditional inter-state competition, including through proxy wars? How can a new potential regional order be framed and imagined? This volume provides a historical background and policy answers to these and a number of other related questions, analysing developments in the region from the standpoint of the interplay between disintegration and polarization.

Author : Mr.Bjoern Rother,Ms.Gaelle Pierre,Davide Lombardo,Risto Herrala,Ms.Priscilla Toffano,Mr.Erik Roos,Mr.Allan G Auclair,Ms.Karina Manasseh
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 43 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-09-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781475535785

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The Economic Impact of Conflicts and the Refugee Crisis in the Middle East and North Africa by Mr.Bjoern Rother,Ms.Gaelle Pierre,Davide Lombardo,Risto Herrala,Ms.Priscilla Toffano,Mr.Erik Roos,Mr.Allan G Auclair,Ms.Karina Manasseh Pdf

In recent decades, the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) has experienced more frequent and severe conflicts than in any other region of the world, exacting a devastating human toll. The region now faces unprecedented challenges, including the emergence of violent non-state actors, significant destruction, and a refugee crisis bigger than any since World War II. This paper raises awareness of the economic costs of conflicts on the countries directly involved and on their neighbors. It argues that appropriate macroeconomic policies can help mitigate the impact of conflicts in the short term, and that fostering higher and more inclusive growth can help address some of the root causes of conflicts over the long term. The paper also highlights the crucial role of external partners, including the IMF, in helping MENA countries tackle these challenges.

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

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Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Author : Mara E. Karlin
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-12-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780812294132

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Building Militaries in Fragile States by Mara E. Karlin Pdf

Combining rigorous academic scholarship with the experience of a senior Pentagon policymaker, Mara E. Karlin explores the key national security issue of our time: how to effectively build partner militaries. Given the complex and complicated global security environment, declining U.S. defense budgets, and an increasingly connected (and often unstable) world, the United States has an ever-deepening interest in strengthening fragile states. Particularly since World War II, it has often chosen to do so by strengthening partner militaries. It will continue to do so, Karlin predicts, given U.S. sensitivity to casualties, a constrained fiscal environment, the nature of modern nationalism, increasing transnational security threats, the proliferation of fragile states, and limits on U.S. public support for military interventions. However, its record of success is thin. While most analyses of these programs focus on training and equipment, Building Militaries in Fragile States argues that this approach is misguided. Instead, given the nature of a fragile state, Karlin homes in on the outsized roles played by two key actors: the U.S. military and unhelpful external actors. With a rich comparative case-study approach that spans Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, Karlin unearths provocative findings that suggest the traditional way of working with foreign militaries needs to be rethought. Benefiting from the practical eye of an experienced national security official, her results-based exploration suggests new and meaningful findings for building partner militaries in fragile states.

Author : Raymond Hinnebusch
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2003-07-18
Category : History
ISBN : 0719053463

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The International Politics of the Middle East by Raymond Hinnebusch Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Middle East international politics in the light of international relations theory. It assesses the impact of international penetration, including the historic formation of the regional state system, the continued role of external great powers, and the incorporation of the region into the international capitalist market. It examines the region’s distinctive dialect between trans-state identities, Arabism and Islam, and the consolidation of a sovereign state system. It looks at the consequences of state formation for the ability of state elites to manage the external and domestic arenas in which they must operate; and it analyzes the impact of the foreign policy process in individual states.

Author : Nora Bensahel,Daniel Byman
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2004-03-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780833036193

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The Future Security Environment in the Middle East by Nora Bensahel,Daniel Byman Pdf

This report identifies several important trends that are shaping regional security. It examines traditional security concerns, such as energy security and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, as well as newer challenges posed by political reform, economic reform, civil-military relations, leadership change, and the information revolution. The report concludes by identifying the implications of these trends for U.S. foreign policy.

Author : Michele Penner Angrist
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Pub
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1588269086

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Politics & Society in the Contemporary Middle East by Michele Penner Angrist Pdf

Cutting-edge examination of the domestic politics, now thoroughly revised to reflect the events of the Arab Spring.

Author : René Grotenhuis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : POLITICAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 9462982198

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Nation-building as Necessary Effort in Fragile States by René Grotenhuis Pdf

René Grotenhuis analyses policies intended to bring stability to fragile states and shows how they ignore the question of what gives people a sense of belonging to a nation-state.

Author : Dalia Dassa Kaye,Linda Robinson,Jeffrey Martini,Nathan Vest,Ashley L. Rhoades
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-15
Category : History
ISBN : 1977406629

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Reimagining U.S. Strategy in the Middle East by Dalia Dassa Kaye,Linda Robinson,Jeffrey Martini,Nathan Vest,Ashley L. Rhoades Pdf

"U.S. policy toward the Middle East has relied heavily on military instruments of power and has focused on regional threats--particularly the Iranian threat--with the goal of keeping partners on "our side." These long-standing policies have largely fallen short of meeting core U.S. interests and adapting to new regional realities and strategic imperatives. RAND researchers offer an alternative framework, suggesting that the U.S. strategic priority must center on reducing regional conflict and the drivers of conflict. This revised strategic approach puts a greater focus on addressing conflict and socioeconomic challenges that are creating unsustainable pressures on the region's states and immense suffering among its people. Researchers analyze how the tools of U.S. policy--political, security, economic, diplomatic, and informational instruments--would need to adjust to more effectively address such challenges in ways that are mindful of limited resources at home. Researchers also examine how the United States deals with both partners and adversaries in and outside the region and consider how to better leverage policies to the benefit of U.S. interests and the region. The researchers recommend specific actions organized into the following three pillars: (1) shifting resources from the current heavy reliance on military tools to a more balanced approach that prioritizes economic investments, governance, diplomacy, and programs focused on people; (2) favoring a long-term time horizon to reduce regional conflict and support growth and development, even at the cost of short-term risks; and (3) working multilaterally with global and regional partners to address key challenges." -- from the publisher.

Author : Vaughn P. Shannon,Paul A. Kowert
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780472117994

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Psychology and Constructivism in International Relations by Vaughn P. Shannon,Paul A. Kowert Pdf

Psychology and constructivism together offer new ways of understanding international relations

Author : Mehran Kamrava
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-24
Category : Arab countries
ISBN : 1849044821

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Fragile Politics by Mehran Kamrava Pdf

The 2011 Arab uprisings precipitated the relatively quick collapse of a number of Middle Eastern states once perceived as invincible. The Tunisian and Egyptian states succumbed to revolution-ary upheavals early on, followed by that of Qadhafi's Libya. Yemen's President Saleh was also eventually forced to give up power. A bloody civil war continues to rage in Syria. These uprisings highlighted weaknesses in the capacity and legitimacy of states across the Arab Middle East. This book provides a comprehensive study of state weakness - or of 'weak states' - across the Greater Middle East. No other book examines the subject of weak states in the Middle East. Fragile Politics begins with laying the theoretical framework for the study of weak states, examining the theoretical controversies surrounding the topic, the causes and characteristics of weak states, and their consequences for the Middle East. It then looks at a series of case studies, examining various themes within the study of weak states in relation to each case study.

Author : Barry Buzan,Ole Wæver
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 598 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2003-12-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0521891116

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Regions and Powers by Barry Buzan,Ole Wæver Pdf

This book develops the idea that since decolonisation, regional patterns of security have become more prominent in international politics. The authors combine an operational theory of regional security with an empirical application across the whole of the international system. Individual chapters cover Africa, the Balkans, CIS Europe, East Asia, EU Europe, the Middle East, North America, South America, and South Asia. The main focus is on the post-Cold War period, but the history of each regional security complex is traced back to its beginnings. By relating the regional dynamics of security to current debates about the global power structure, the authors unfold a distinctive interpretation of post-Cold War international security, avoiding both the extreme oversimplifications of the unipolar view, and the extreme deterritorialisations of many globalist visions of a new world disorder. Their framework brings out the radical diversity of security dynamics in different parts of the world.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : History
ISBN : PSU:000061494213

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Iraqi Volunteers, Iraqi Refugees by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia Pdf