Forests And Energy

Author : Riccardo Valentini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662051719

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Fluxes of Carbon, Water and Energy of European Forests by Riccardo Valentini Pdf

After years of technological development and its important achievements to make our life easier and more comfortable, human society is going to face one of the most difficult challenges of the last century: to stabilize the concentra tion levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to prevent harmful effects on the climate system. Through a delicate balance between photosynthesis and respiration, terres trial ecosystems, and in particular forests, are today thought to take up a sig nificant part of the carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere, sometimes called the "terrestrial carbon sink". However, the location, magnitude, and vulnerability of the carbon dioxide sink of the terrestrial biota are still uncer tain. The suite of traditional tools in an ecologist's toolbox for studying ecosys tem productivity and carbon balance include leaf cuvettes, whole-plant and soil chambers for gas exchange, and biomass and soil carbon inventories. While each of the cited methods has distinct advantages, they are limited with regards to their ability to measure net carbon dioxide exchange of the whole ecosystem across a variety of time scales. This book present a compendium of results of a European project (EURO FLUX), funded by the European Commission through its fourth framework program, aiming to elucidate the role of forests in continental carbon balance.

Author : J. Richardson,R. Björheden,P. Hakkila,A.T. Lowe,C.T. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780306475191

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Bioenergy from Sustainable Forestry by J. Richardson,R. Björheden,P. Hakkila,A.T. Lowe,C.T. Smith Pdf

Bioenergy from Sustainable Forestry synthesizes information needed to design or implement sustainable forest management systems for production of biomass for energy in conjunction with other forest products. It is organized around the criteria for sustainable forest management: productivity, environment, social issues, economics, and legal and institutional framework. More than 25 international experts from 10 countries have brought together available ecological, physical, operational, social and economic information and identified gaps in knowledge related to biomass production and harvesting systems. This is the first time that such comprehensive information has been brought together under one cover, using an integrated, holistic approach. Guiding principles and state of the art knowledge are emphasized. The book will enable forest resource managers and planners to evaluate the ability of specific forest regions to sustainably meet bioenergy production demands.

Author : Michael Jacobson,Daniel Ciolkosz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461494782

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Wood-Based Energy in the Northern Forests by Michael Jacobson,Daniel Ciolkosz Pdf

This unique book provides the first comprehensive overview of wood based bioenergy in the northern hardwood forests of the Eastern United States. This includes a holistic look at the topic of wood based bioenergy, as well as focused analyses of key topics. This book is relevant to engineers, project developers, foresters, economists, sociologists, environmental scientists and natural resource managers. Most chapters also provide practical hands-on advice for the practitioner, and provide a valuable resource for anyone who is considering developing a woody bioenergy project.

Author : Barry Solomon,Valerie A. Luzadis
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135971908

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Renewable Energy from Forest Resources in the United States by Barry Solomon,Valerie A. Luzadis Pdf

Interest in biomass energy resources from forests, farms and other sources has been rapidly increasing in recent years because of growing concern with reducing carbon dioxide emissions and developing alternatives to increasingly scarce, expensive and insecure oil supplies. The uniqueness of this book is its coverage of biomass energy markets in the US from an economic as well as technical perspective. Existing books typically focus on single markets or technical aspects at the exclusion of economics, and have given greater coverage to biomass energy outside the US. This edited collection has three main parts. Part One provides a historical overview of forest biomass energy use in the US; the major technologies, economics, market prospects, and policies. Part Two presents forest biomass energy assessments, including life cycle and sustainability perspectives, and Part Three includes five sets of regional case studies. After reviewing the history of wood energy use in the US and technology options, the book shows that forests could displace sixteen per cent of domestic transportation fuel use in 2030. Renewable Energy from Forest Resources in the United States includes a Foreword from Chris Flavin, President of the Worldwatch Institute.

Author : Seppo Kellomäki,Antti Kilpeläinen,Ashraful Alam
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461483915

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Forest BioEnergy Production by Seppo Kellomäki,Antti Kilpeläinen,Ashraful Alam Pdf

For thousands of years, forest biomass or wood has been among the main energy sources of humans around the world. Since the industrial revolution, fossil fuels have replaced wood and become the dominant source of energy. The use of fossil fuels has the disadvantage of increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially carbon dioxide (CO2), with the consequent warming of global climate and changes in precipitation. In this context, the substitution of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources like forest biomass is among the ways to mitigate climate change. This book summarizes recent experiences on how to manage forest land to produce woody biomass for energy use and what are the potentials to mitigate climate change by substituting fossil fuels in energy production. In this context, the book addresses how management can affect the supply of energy biomass using short-rotation forestry and the conventional forestry applying long rotations. Furthermore, the book outlines the close interaction between the ecological systems and industrial systems, which controls the carbon cycle between the atmosphere and biosphere. In this context, sustainable forest management is a key to understand and control indirect carbon emissions due to the utilization of forest biomass (e.g. from management, harvesting and logistics, and ecosystem processes), which are often omitted in assessing the carbon neutrality of energy systems based on forest biomass. The focus in this book is on forests and forestry in the boreal and temperate zones, particularly in Northern Europe, where the woody biomass is widely used in the energy industry for producing energy.

Author : Dominik Röser,Antti Asikainen,Karsten Raulund-Rasmussen,Inge Stupak
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2008-03-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402050541

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Sustainable Use of Forest Biomass for Energy by Dominik Röser,Antti Asikainen,Karsten Raulund-Rasmussen,Inge Stupak Pdf

From time immemorial, firewood has been a very important source of energy for mankind. Later in history, wood for energy decreased its importance because of other more convenient and cheaper sources, mainly fossil fuels. Today, focus is again on use of forests as a producer of energy with main drivers being climate change, shortage and increasing prices of fossil fuel sources, and safety in energy supplies. However, intensive use of forest biomass is qu- tioned since fundamental ecological processes may be influenced negatively thus making up a trade-off with the benefits of using an otherwise sustainable source of energy. In this book, selected aspects of intensive use of forest b- mass for energy is treated with main focus on ecological aspects like maintenance of soil fertility, recycling of the combustion ash, inf- ence on biodiversity and pests, and economical aspects both at forest owners level and for society. Another focus point is the implemen- tion of this knowledge into decision support, recommendations and guidelines. The geographical scope is mainly the Nordic and Baltic region. The EU-financed project “Wood for Energy, - a contribution to the development of sustainable forest Management” (WOOD-EN- 1 MAN) , make up the frame for the book. Seven partners participated in the project: Forest & Landscape Denmark, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Lithuanian Forest Research Institute, Latvian State Forestry Research Institute, and Estonian University of Life Sciences with Forest & Landscape Denmark as coordinator.

Author : Francisco X. Aguilar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781134655991

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Wood Energy in Developed Economies by Francisco X. Aguilar Pdf

There has been a recent resurgence of interest in wood energy as part of a sustainable range of renewable energy options. This book addresses the current gap in the energy and public policy literature for a reference book that compiles the most-recent wood energy assessments, and evaluates current and potential future wood energy uses and the role for public policy to foster efficient use of the most-widely consumed renewable energy in the world. It brings together a group of expert authors covering topics from forest management, operations and engineering, to socio-economics and energy policy perspectives. It thus covers practical issues such as silviculture, harvesting, processing, comparative cost estimates, public policy tools and market effects. As such the book provides a comprehensive review of the complex dimensions of wood energy as well as practical guidance for professionals, researchers and advanced students. It will also provide invaluable guidance for economic development agencies, practitioners and policy-makers, when evaluating the impacts of wider wood energy adoption as part of a strategy for sustainable energy generation. The main focus is on industrialised production and developed economies, particularly the USA and Europe.

Author : Frank Spellman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781439860205

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Forest-Based Biomass Energy by Frank Spellman Pdf

What is forest-based biomass energy and why should we care? Written by environmental expert Frank Spellman, Forest-Based Biomass Energy: Concepts and Applications details how forest biomass can be converted to energy and energy products, including direct combustion, pellets, gasification, and co-firing. It explores the possibilities of forest-based

Author : Evelyne Thiffault,C.T. Smith,Martin Junginger,Göran Berndes
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-05-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128096895

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Mobilisation of Forest Bioenergy in the Boreal and Temperate Biomes by Evelyne Thiffault,C.T. Smith,Martin Junginger,Göran Berndes Pdf

Mobilisation of Forest Bioenergy in the Boreal and Temperate Biomes: Challenges, Opportunities, and Case Studies features input from key international experts who identify and analyze the main opportunities and roadblocks for the implementation of sustainable forest biomass supply chains in the boreal and temperate regions. It draws from responses to surveys that were sent to specialists from different countries, compares models of bioenergy deployment, and discusses different types of bioenergy carriers. Efficiency and profitability of the supply chain are analyzed and the scale and level of confidence of feedstock inventory estimates are highlighted. Logistics and ecological and socio-economic footprints are also covered. This book provides a synthesis of the scientific and technical literature on specific aspects of forest biomass supply chains, and quantifies future potentials in comparison to estimates provided by other sources and the targets for bioenergy production set by various organizations (IEA, IPCC, etc.). Finally, the book proposes recommendations for practitioners, policymakers, and future research. This approach makes the book especially relevant for professionals, policymakers, researchers, and graduate students in the field of bioenergy conversion and management, as well as those interested in sustainable management of natural resources. Presents foundational theory, examples and lessons learned, drawing on scientific and technical literature, as well as surveys conducted among stakeholders from various countries of the boreal and temperate biomes Provides best practices, insights, and recommendations through an integrative framework that encompasses various aspects of forest biomass supply chain, at different scales, and looking at a broad geographical and geopolitical range Compares contrasting history, policy context, and level of forest bioenergy development in several countries through several case studies Analyzes the efficiency and profitability of the supply chain, highlighting the scale and level of confidence of feedstock inventory estimates

Author : Ana Cristina Gonçalves,Isabel Malico
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2024-01-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031482243

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Forest Bioenergy by Ana Cristina Gonçalves,Isabel Malico Pdf

This book is a comprehensive overview of the forest bioenergy, from feedstock production to end products. The book presents the state of the art of forest biomass production, assessment, characterization, and conversion into heat and power. It starts with forest sources of biomass and potential availability. Continues with the characterization of the forest stands and the availability of biomass for energy per stand structure, including stands managed for timber, non-wood products, and energy plantations. It follows with biomass evaluation and monitoring considering data sources, modeling methods, and existing models. are also addressed. After the initial focus on forest biomass production and estimation, this resource is assessed as a feedstock for energy conversion. Not only current, but also emerging biofuels obtained from forest biomass are considered. Established and emerging conversion technologies for the production of bio-heat and bio-power are examined and the impacts of the conversion systems presented.

Author : William E. Reifsnyder,Howard William Lull
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Forest meteorology
ISBN : ERDC:35925002282595

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Radiant Energy in Relation to Forests by William E. Reifsnyder,Howard William Lull Pdf

Author : Sarah Hitchner,John Schelhas,J. Peter Brosius
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1793632367

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Forests As Fuel by Sarah Hitchner,John Schelhas,J. Peter Brosius Pdf

In the US South, wood-based bioenergy schemes are being promoted and implemented through a powerful vision merging social, environmental, and economic benefits for rural, forest-dependent communities. While this dominant narrative has led to heavy investment in experimental technologies and rural development, many complexities and complications have emerged during implementation. Forests as Fuel draws on extensive multi-sited ethnography to ground the story of wood-based bioenergy in the biophysical, economic, political, social, and cultural landscape of this region. This book contextualizes energy issues within the history and potential futures of the region's forested landscapes, highlighting the impacts of varying perceptions of climate change and complex racial dynamics. Eschewing simple answers, the authors illuminate the points of friction that occur as competing visions of bioenergy development confront each other to variously support, reshape, contest, or reject bioenergy development. Building on recent conceptual advances in studies of sociotechnical imaginaries, environmental history, and energy justice, the authors present a careful and nuanced analysis that can provide guidance for promoting meaningful participation of local community members in renewable energy policy and production while recognizing the complex interplay of factors affecting its implementation in local places.

Author : Peter Love,R. P. Overend,Canada. Renewable Energy Resources Branch
Publisher : [Ottawa]: Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Renewable Energy Resources Branch
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Biomass
ISBN : UIUC:30112066898401

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Tree Power by Peter Love,R. P. Overend,Canada. Renewable Energy Resources Branch Pdf

The purpose of this report is to present a preliminary estimate of the potential contribution of forestry biomass to Canada's energy requirements to the year 2025. It begins with a review of forestry biomass conversion technologies, from which three reference cases have been formulated to facilitate discussion: direction conversion of wood to electricity in a 50-megawatt boiler; low-Btu gasification of wood combined with on-site utilization; and wood gasification combined with methanol production from the resulting synthesis gas. The report then estimates the total resource of forest biomass in Canada and evaluates sources of supply, including forest residues and energy plantations. It discusses principal uses for the different types of energy (steam, electricity, fuels) that can be produced from forest biomass, the factors affecting implementation of forest biomass energy technologies (including institutional constraints and environmental and social impacts), and the costs of energy produced by the three reference cases.

Author : Frances Seymour,Jonah Busch
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781933286860

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Why Forests? Why Now? by Frances Seymour,Jonah Busch Pdf

Tropical forests are an undervalued asset in meeting the greatest global challenges of our time—averting climate change and promoting development. Despite their importance, tropical forests and their ecosystems are being destroyed at a high and even increasing rate in most forest-rich countries. The good news is that the science, economics, and politics are aligned to support a major international effort over the next five years to reverse tropical deforestation. Why Forests? Why Now? synthesizes the latest evidence on the importance of tropical forests in a way that is accessible to anyone interested in climate change and development and to readers already familiar with the problem of deforestation. It makes the case to decisionmakers in rich countries that rewarding developing countries for protecting their forests is urgent, affordable, and achievable.

Author : Rolf Peter Sieferle
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105025338844

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The Subterranean Forest by Rolf Peter Sieferle Pdf

This work studies the historical transition from the agrarian solar energy regime to the use of fossil energy, which has fuelled the industrial transformation of the last 200 years. The author argues that the analysis of historical energy systems provides an explanation for the basic patterns of different social formations. It is the availability of free energy that defines the framework within which socio-metabolic processes can take place. This thesis explains why the industrial revolution started in Britain, where coal was readily available and firewood already depleted or difficult to transport, whereas Germany, with its huge forests next to rivers, was much longer dependent on a traditional solar energy regime."