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Author : Isabela Mares
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107100213
This book presents an account of the adoption of electoral reforms democratizing electoral practices in nineteenth century European countries.
Author : Jon Elster
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107083363
In the spirit of Jeremy Bentham's Political Tactics, this volume offers the first comprehensive discussion of the effects of secrecy and publicity on debates and votes in committees and assemblies. The contributors - sociologists, political scientists, historians, and legal scholars - consider the micro-technology of voting (the devil is in the detail), the historical relations between the secret ballot and universal suffrage, the use and abolition of secret voting in parliamentary decisions, and the sometimes perverse effects of the drive for greater openness and transparency in public affairs. The authors also discuss the normative questions of secret versus public voting in national elections and of optimal mixes of secrecy and publicity, as well as the opportunities for strategic behavior created by different voting systems. Together with two previous volumes on Collective Wisdom (Cambrige, 2012) and Majority Decisions (Cambridge, 2014), the book sets a new standard for interdisciplinary work on collective decision-making.
Author : Louise I. Gerdes
Publisher : Greenhaven Publishing LLC
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-20
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780737768640
The passage of Citizens United by the Supreme Court in 2010 sparked a renewed debate about campaign spending by large political action committees, or Super PACs. Its ruling said that it is okay for corporations and labor unions to spend as much as they want in advertising and other methods to convince people to vote for or against a candidate. This book provides a wide range of opinions on the issue. Includes primary and secondary sources from a variety of perspectives; eyewitnesses, scientific journals, government officials, and many others.
Author : James Johnson,Susan Orr
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781509538171
The secrecy of the ballot, a crucial basic element of representative democracy, is under threat. Attempts to make voting more convenient in the face of declining turnout – and the rise of the “ballot selfie” – are making it harder to guarantee secrecy. Leading scholars James Johnson and Susan Orr go back to basics to analyze the fundamental issues surrounding the secret ballot, showing how secrecy works to protect voters from coercion and bribery. They argue, however, that this protection was always incomplete: faced with effective ballot secrecy, powerful actors turned to manipulating turnout – buying presence or absence at the polls – to obtain their electoral goals. The authors proceed to show how making both voting and voting in secret mandatory would foreclose both undue influence and turnout manipulation. This would enhance freedom for voters by liberating them from coercion or bribery in their choice of both whether and how to vote. This thought-provoking and insightful text will be invaluable for students and scholars of democratic theory, elections and voting, and political behavior.
Author : Brian Kogelmann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108833264
Offers a comprehensive philosophical analysis of transparency in government.
Author : Daniel Ziblatt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107001626
A bold re-interpretation of democracy's historical rise in Europe, Ziblatt highlights the surprising role of conservative political parties with sweeping implications for democracy today.
Author : Isabela Mares
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2003-07-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521534771
Evaluates the role played by business in the development of the modern welfare state.
Author : Erik J. Engstrom,Jason M. Roberts
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108842808
Physical features of ballots vary considerably across the US. This book shows how politicians use ballot design to influence voting.
Author : Justin Moeller,Ronald F. King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351751124
In Colonial America, democracy was centered in provincial assemblies and based on the collection of neighbors whose freehold ownership made them permanent stakeholders in the community. The removal of the property qualification for voting in the United States occurred over three-quarters of a century and was among the more important events in the history of democratization, functioning to shift voting from a corporate privilege toward a human right. Moving beyond the standard histories of property standard histories of property qualification removal, Justin Moeller and Ronald F. King adopt the theories and methods of social science to discover underlying patterns and regularities, attempting a more systematic understanding of subject. While no historical event has a single cause, party consolidation and party competition provided a necessary mechanism, making background factors politically relevant. No change in franchise rules could occur without the explicit consent of incumbent politicians, always sensitive to the anticipated impact. Moeller and King argue that political parties acted strategically, accepting or rejecting removal of the property qualification as a means of advancing their electoral position. The authors identify four different variants of the strategic calculation variable, significantly helping to explain both the temporal differences across states and the pattern of contestation with each state individually.
Author : Edward Aspinall,Ward Berenschot
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-12-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000818437
Clientelism is a prominent feature of many of the world’s democracies and electoral authoritarian regimes. Yet the comparative study of this practice, which involves exchanging personal favours for electoral support, remains strikingly underdeveloped. This book makes the case that clientelistic politics take different forms in different countries, and that this variation matters for understanding democracy, elections, and governance. Involving collaboration by experienced observers of politics in several countries – Mexico, Ghana, Sudan to Turkey, Indonesia, the Philippines, Caribbean and Pacific Island states, and Malaysia – the chapters in this volume unpack the concept of clientelism and show that it is possible to identify different types of patronage democracies. The book proposes a comparative framework that focuses on the networks that politicians use, the type of resources they hand out, their degree of control over the distribution of state resources, and shows that the comparative study of a key informal dimension of politics offers much analytical promise for scholars of democracy and governance. Varieties of Clientelism is essential reading for scholars and students interested in clientelism, patronage democracies, comparative political economy, as well as party politics. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Democratization.
Author : Eric Kramon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107193727
This book explains why vote buying is common in low-income democracies in Africa, and examines its consequences for democratic accountability.
Author : Daniel Corstange
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-09-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781316578049
Clientelism and ethnic favoritism appear to go hand in hand in many diverse societies in the developing world. However, while some ethnic communities receive generous material rewards for their political support, others receive very modest payoffs. The Price of a Vote in the Middle East examines this key - and often overlooked - component of clientelism. The author draws on elite interviews and original survey data collected during his years of field research in Lebanon and Yemen; two Arab countries in which political constituencies follow sectarian, regional, and tribal divisions. He demonstrates that voters in internally-competitive communal groups receive more, and better, payoffs for their political support than voters trapped in uncompetitive groups dominated by a single, hegemonic leader. Ultimately, politicians provide services when compelled by competitive pressures to do so, whereas leaders sheltered from competition can, and do, take their supporters for granted.
Author : Guillermo Trejo,Sandra Ley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108841740
When widespread state-criminal collusion persists in transitions from autocracy to democracy, electoral competition becomes a catalyst of large-scale criminal violence.
Author : Isabela Mares
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691240046
How reforms limiting electoral misconduct completed the process of democratization Between 1850 and 1918, many first-wave democracies in Europe adopted electoral reforms that reduced the incidence of electoral malfeasance. Drawing on analysis of parliamentary deliberations and roll-call votes in France, Germany, Belgium, and the United Kingdom, Protecting the Ballot explores how these electoral changes came about. Reforms limiting electoral malfeasance came in a variety of forms. Some reforms imposed harsher punishments for bribing or the politicization of state resources during campaigns. Other changes improved electoral secrecy, providing better protection of voters’ autonomy. By mandating the presence of candidate representatives supervising electoral operations, reforms also reduced the incidence of electoral fraud. Isabela Mares documents how elite splits facilitated the formation of parliamentary majorities in support of electoral reforms. The political composition of these majorities varied across countries and across issue area, depending on the distribution of political resources and the economic and electoral costs incurred by politicians with opportunities to engage in malfeasance. Unpacking the electoral determinants of the demand for reforms, Mares offers an alternative to theories of democratization that emphasize economic considerations alone. By studying the successful adoption of reforms limiting electoral irregularities in first-wave democratic transitions, Protecting the Ballot sheds light on the opportunities and obstacles for ending electoral wrongdoing in recent democracies.
Author : David Beetham,C. Kevin Boyle
Publisher : UNESCO
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789231040870
Presents a selection of questions and answers covering the principles of democracy, including human rights, free and fair elections, open and accountable government, and civil society.