Game Theory Social Choice And Ethics

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Game Theory, Social Choice and Ethics

H. Brock
Game Theory Social Choice and Ethics Book PDF

Author : H. Brock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789400995321

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Game Theory, Social Choice and Ethics by H. Brock Pdf

There are problems to whose solution I would attach an infinitely greater import ancf! than to those of mathematics, for example touching ethics, or our relation to God, or conceming our destiny and our future; but their solution lies wholly beyond us and completely outside the province 0 f science. J. F. C. Gauss For a1l his prescience in matters physical and mathematieal, the great Gauss apparently did not foresee one development peculiar to OUT own time. The development I have in mind is the use of mathematical reasoning - in partieu lar the axiomatic method - to explicate alternative concepts of rationality and morality. The present bipartite collection of essays (Vol. 11, Nos. 2 and 3 of this journal) is entitled 'Game Theory, Social Choiee, and Ethics'. The eight papers represent state-of-the-art research in formal moral theory. Their intended aim is to demonstrate how the methods of game theory, decision theory, and axiomatic social choice theory can help to illuminate ethical questions central not only to moral theory, but also to normative public policy analysis. Before discussion of the contents of the papers, it should prove helpful to recall a number of pioneering papers that appeared during the decade of the 1950s. These papers contained aseries of mathematical and conceptual break through which laid the basis for much of today's research in formal moral theory. The papers deal with two somewhat distinct topics: the concept of individual and collective rationality, and the concept of social justiee.

Social Choice, Welfare, and Ethics

William A. Barnett
Social Choice Welfare and Ethics Book PDF

Author : William A. Barnett
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1995-02-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521443407

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Social Choice, Welfare, and Ethics by William A. Barnett Pdf

Parts three and four are devoted to algebraic and combinatorial aspects of social choice theory, including analyses of Arrow's Theorem, consensus functions, and the role of geometry. Part five deals with the application of cooperative game theory to social choice.

Population Issues in Social Choice Theory, Welfare Economics, and Ethics

Charles Blackorby,Walter Bossert,David J. Donaldson
Population Issues in Social Choice Theory Welfare Economics and Ethics Book PDF

Author : Charles Blackorby,Walter Bossert,David J. Donaldson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2005-08-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521825512

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Population Issues in Social Choice Theory, Welfare Economics, and Ethics by Charles Blackorby,Walter Bossert,David J. Donaldson Pdf

This book explores how different ideas of the common good may be compared, contrasted and ranked.

Game Theory, Experience, Rationality

W. Leinfellner,Eckehart Köhler
Game Theory Experience Rationality Book PDF

Author : W. Leinfellner,Eckehart Köhler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789401716543

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Game Theory, Experience, Rationality by W. Leinfellner,Eckehart Köhler Pdf

When von Neumann's and Morgenstern's Theory of Games and Economic Behavior appeared in 1944, one thought that a complete theory of strategic social behavior had appeared out of nowhere. However, game theory has, to this very day, remained a fast-growing assemblage of models which have gradually been united in a new social theory - a theory that is far from being completed even after recent advances in game theory, as evidenced by the work of the three Nobel Prize winners, John F. Nash, John C. Harsanyi, and Reinhard Selten. Two of them, Harsanyi and Selten, have contributed important articles to the present volume. This book leaves no doubt that the game-theoretical models are on the right track to becoming a respectable new theory, just like the great theories of the twentieth century originated from formerly separate models which merged in the course of decades. For social scientists, the age of great discover ies is not over. The recent advances of today's game theory surpass by far the results of traditional game theory. For example, modem game theory has a new empirical and social foundation, namely, societal experiences; this has changed its methods, its "rationality. " Morgenstern (I worked together with him for four years) dreamed of an encompassing theory of social behavior. With the inclusion of the concept of evolution in mathematical form, this dream will become true. Perhaps the new foundation will even lead to a new name, "conflict theory" instead of "game theory.

Social Choice and Welfare

P.K. Pattanaik,M. Salles
Social Choice and Welfare Book PDF

Author : P.K. Pattanaik,M. Salles
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781483290591

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Social Choice and Welfare by P.K. Pattanaik,M. Salles Pdf

This volume comprises papers presented at the Symposium on Collective Choice, by leading experts in this field. It presents recent advances in Social Choice Theory and Welfare Economics. The papers are classified in two broad groups: (1) those dealing with the ethical aspects of the theory of social choice and (2) those concerned with the positive aspects. The papers in the first part are concerned with the Arrow-type aggregation problem or aspects of it and with more specific questions relating to optimality, justice and welfare. In part II several papers discuss the problem of strategic misrevelation of preferences by individuals, others discuss simple voting games, social choice-correspondences and electoral competition. The main features are: - Recent advances in social choice theory and welfare economics - New mathematical approaches to social choice theory (differential and algebraic topology) -New aspects of the concepts of justice and optimality in welfare economics and social choice.

Essays on Ethics, Social Behaviour, and Scientific Explanation

J.C. Harsanyi
Essays on Ethics Social Behaviour and Scientific Explanation Book PDF

Author : J.C. Harsanyi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789401093279

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Essays on Ethics, Social Behaviour, and Scientific Explanation by J.C. Harsanyi Pdf

When John Harsanyi came to Stanford University as a candidate for the Ph.D., I asked him why he was bothering, since it was most un likely that he had anything to learn from us. He was already a known scho lar; in addition to some papers in economics, the first two papers in this vol ume had already been published and had dazzled me by their originality and their combination of philosophical insight and technical competence. However, I am very glad I did not discourage him; whether he learned any thing worthwhile I don't know, but we all learned much from him on the foundations of the theory of games and specifically on the outcome of bar gaining. The central focus of Harsanyi's work has continued to be in the theory of games, but especially on the foundations and conceptual problems. The theory of games, properly understood, is a very broad approach to social interaction based on individually rational behavior, and it connects closely with fundamental methodological and substantive issues in social science and in ethics. An indication of the range of Harsanyi's interest in game the ory can be found in the first paper of Part B -though in fact his owncontri butions are much broader-and in the second paper the applications to the methodology of social science. The remaining papers in that section show more specifically the richness of game theory in specific applications.

Collective Decision Making

Adrian Van Deemen,Agnieszka Rusinowska
Collective Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Adrian Van Deemen,Agnieszka Rusinowska
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642028656

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Collective Decision Making by Adrian Van Deemen,Agnieszka Rusinowska Pdf

Harrie de Swart is a Dutch logician and mathematician with a great and open int- est in applications of logic. After being confronted with Arrow’s Theorem, Harrie became very interested in social choice theory. In 1986 he took the initiative to start up a group of Dutch scientists for the study of social choice theory. This initiative grew out to a research group and a series of colloquia, which were held approximately every month at the University of Tilburg in The Netherlands. The organization of the colloquia was in the hands of Harrie and under his guidance they became more and more internationally known. Many international scholars liked visiting the social choice colloquia in Tilburg and enjoyed giving one or more presentations about their work. They liked Harrie’s kindness and hospitality, and the openness of the group for anything and everything in the eld of social choice. The Social Choice Theory Group started up by Harrie consisted, and still c- sists, of scholars from several disciplines; mostly economics, mathematics, and (mathematical) psychology. It was set up for the study of and discussion about anything that had to do with social choice theory including, and not in the least, the supervision of PhD students in the theory. Members of the group were, among o- ers, Thom Bezembinder (psychologist), Hans Peters (mathematician), Pieter Ruys (economist), Stef Tijs (mathematician and game theorist) and, of course, Harrie de Swart (logician and mathematician).

Social Choice Theory

Jerry S. Kelly
Social Choice Theory Book PDF

Author : Jerry S. Kelly
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783662099254

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Social Choice Theory by Jerry S. Kelly Pdf

This is a textbook introducing selected topics in formal social choice theory. Social choice theory studies group choices that are based on information about preferences of members of the group (voting rules being one important special case). This involves economics, which provides the method of modelling individual decision making; political philosophy, which provides criteria about the allocation of decision-influencing power; and game theory, which provides a framework for thinking about the strategies individuals employ in trying to influence the group choice. The goal of this book is to take basic ideas like impossibility theorems, rights exercising and strategy proofness and give the student just enough technical background to be able to understand these ideas in a logically rigorous way. This is done through a set of 250 exercises that constitute the heart of the book and which differentiate this book from all other texts in social choice theory.

Economics and Computation

Jörg Rothe
Economics and Computation Book PDF

Author : Jörg Rothe
Publisher : Springer
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-08-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783662479049

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Economics and Computation by Jörg Rothe Pdf

This textbook connects three vibrant areas at the interface between economics and computer science: algorithmic game theory, computational social choice, and fair division. It thus offers an interdisciplinary treatment of collective decision making from an economic and computational perspective. Part I introduces to algorithmic game theory, focusing on both noncooperative and cooperative game theory. Part II introduces to computational social choice, focusing on both preference aggregation (voting) and judgment aggregation. Part III introduces to fair division, focusing on the division of both a single divisible resource ("cake-cutting") and multiple indivisible and unshareable resources ("multiagent resource allocation"). In all these parts, much weight is given to the algorithmic and complexity-theoretic aspects of problems arising in these areas, and the interconnections between the three parts are of central interest.

Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications

R.J. Aumann,S. Hart
Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications Book PDF

Author : R.J. Aumann,S. Hart
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 824 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0444894276

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Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications by R.J. Aumann,S. Hart Pdf

This is the second of three volumes surveying the state of the art in Game Theory and its applications to many and varied fields, in particular to economics. The chapters in the present volume are contributed by outstanding authorities, and provide comprehensive coverage and precise statements of the main results in each area. The applications include empirical evidence. The following topics are covered: communication and correlated equilibria, coalitional games and coalition structures, utility and subjective probability, common knowledge, bargaining, zero-sum games, differential games, and applications of game theory to signalling, moral hazard, search, evolutionary biology, international relations, voting procedures, social choice, public economics, politics, and cost allocation. This handbook will be of interest to scholars in economics, political science, psychology, mathematics and biology. For more information on the Handbooks in Economics series, please see our home page on http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/hes

Topological Social Choice

Geoffrey Heal
Topological Social Choice Book PDF

Author : Geoffrey Heal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783642608919

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Topological Social Choice by Geoffrey Heal Pdf

The origins of this volume can be traced back to a conference on "Ethics, Economic and Business" organized by Columbia Busi ness School in March of 1993, and held in the splendid facilities of Columbia's Casa Italiana. Preliminary versions of several of the papers were presented at that meeting. In July 1994 the Fields Institute of Mathematical Sciences sponsored a workshop on "Geometry, Topology and Markets": additional papers and more refined versions of the original papers were presented there. They were published in their present versions in Social Choice and Wel fare, volume 14, number 2, 1997. The common aim of these workshops and this volume is to crystallize research in an area which has emerged rapidly in the last fifteen years, the area of topological approaches to social choice and the theory of games. The area is attracting increasing interest from social choice theorists, game theorists, mathematical econ omists and mathematicians, yet there is no authoritative collection of papers in the area. Nor is there any surveyor book to give a perspective and act as a guide to the issues in and contributions to this new area. One of the two aims of this volume is in some measure to play this role: the other aim is of course to present interesting and surprising new results.

Decision Theory and Social Ethics

H.W. Gottinger,W. Leinfellner
Decision Theory and Social Ethics Book PDF

Author : H.W. Gottinger,W. Leinfellner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789400998384

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Decision Theory and Social Ethics by H.W. Gottinger,W. Leinfellner Pdf

Ethics, as one of the most respectable disciplines of philosophy, has undergone a drastic and revolutionary change in recent time. There are three main trends of this development. The first trend can be described as a tendency towards a rigorous formal and analytical language. This means simply that ethics has created beside its own formalized set theoretical language a variety of new formalized, logical and mathemati cal methods and concepts. Thus ethics has become a formalized meta or epidiscipline which is going to replace the traditional concepts, principles and ethical methods in the realm of social sciences. It is clear that a formalized form of ethics can be used more easily in social, economic and political theories if there are ethical conflicts to be solved. This first trend can be regarded as a conditio sine qua non for application in, and imposing ethical solutions on, social scientific theories. The second trend may be characterized as an association- or unification-tendency of a formalized and analytical ethics with decision theory. Decision theory as a new interdiscipline of social sciences is actually an assemblage of a variety of subtheories such as value-utility theory, game theory, collective decision theory, etc. Harsanyi has called this complex of subtheories a general theory of human behavior. Analytical or formal ethics is actually using this general theory of human behavior as a vehicle simply because this theory deals from the beginning with conflict solution, i. e.

Collective Decision Making

Anonim
Collective Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Game theory
ISBN : 3642028667

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Collective Decision Making by Anonim Pdf

This book discusses collective decision making from the perspective of social choice and game theory. The chapters are written by well-known scholars in the field. The topics range from Arrow's Theorem to the Condorcet and Ostrogorski Paradoxes, from vote distributions in the European Council to influence processes and information sharing in collective decision making networks; from cardinal utility to restricted domains for social welfare functions; from rights and game forms to responsibility in committee decision making; and from dueling to bargaining. The book reflects the richness and diversity of the field of collective decision making and shows the usefulness and adequacy of social choice and game theory for the study of it. It starts with typical social choice themes like Arrow's Theorem and ends with typical game theoretical topics, like bargaining and interval games. In between there is a mixture of views on collective decision making in which both social choice and game theoretic aspects are brought in. The book is dedicated to Harrie de Swart, who organized the well-known Social Choice Colloquia at the University of Tilburg in the Netherlands.

Game Theory and the Social Contract: Playing fair

K. G. Binmore
Game Theory and the Social Contract Playing fair Book PDF

Author : K. G. Binmore
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Game theory
ISBN : LCCN:93029610

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Game Theory and the Social Contract: Playing fair by K. G. Binmore Pdf

"In Game Theory and the Social Contract, Ken Binmore argues that game theory provides a systematic tool for investigating ethical matters. His reinterpretation of classical social contract ideas within a game-theoretic framework generates new insights into the fundamental questions of social philosophy. He clears the way for this ambitious endeavor by first focusing on foundational issues - paying particular attention to the failings of recent attempts to import game - theoretic ideas into social and political philosophy. Binmore shows how ideas drawn from the classic expositions of Harsanyi and Rawls produce a synthesis that is consistent with the modern theory of noncooperative games. In the process, he notes logical weaknesses in other analyses of social cooperation and coordination, such as those offered by Rousseau, Kant, Gauthier, and Nozick. He persuasively argues that much of the current literature elaborates a faulty analysis of an irrelevant game." Publisher's description.

Social Choice Mechanisms

Vladimir I. Danilov,Alexander I. Sotskov
Social Choice Mechanisms Book PDF

Author : Vladimir I. Danilov,Alexander I. Sotskov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-11-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783540248057

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Social Choice Mechanisms by Vladimir I. Danilov,Alexander I. Sotskov Pdf

The theory of social choice deals with both the processes and results of col lective decision making. In this book, we explore some issues in the theory of social choice and mechanism design. We examine the premises of this theory, the axiomatic approach, and the mechanism design approach. The main questions are what is collective interest, how is it related to individuals' interests, how should one design social interactions, laws, and in stitutions? These questions are not new. Philosophers, social scientists have indeed pondered upon them for years. And, in fact, the organizational struc tures of many social institutions -courts, parliaments, committees and reg ulatory boards -often lack a sound theoretical base. This is not surprising, as it is, indeed, difficult to provide for a comprehensive formalization of the activities of such organizations. Nevertheless, there has been a definite trend towards providing clear and unambiguous rules for collective decision mak ing. These very rules constitute the body of social choice theory and its main object. The basic problem of social choice We explain here more precisely what a problem of social choice is, what approaches might be used to tackle it, and what kind of solutions it leads to. We introduce a few basic notions in preliminarily fashion and, in doing so, we stress both motivations and explanations.