Genetics And The Search For Modern Human Origins

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Genetics and the Search for Modern Human Origins

John H. Relethford
Genetics and the Search for Modern Human Origins Book PDF

Author : John H. Relethford
Publisher : Wiley-Liss
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2001-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 0471384135

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Genetics and the Search for Modern Human Origins by John H. Relethford Pdf

A major debate in anthropology concerns the relationship between anatomically modern humans and earlier "archaic" humans including the Neandertals. What was the origin of modern humans? Did we arise as a new species in Africa 200,000 years ago and then replace archaic human populations outside of Africa, or are our origins part of a single evolving lineage extending back over the past two million years? In addition to fossil and archaeological evidence, anthropologists have increasingly turned to using genetic data on living populations to address this question. Patterns of genetic variation within and between living human populations are felt to contain clues as to our species' evolutionary history, and provide a reflection of the past. This book reviews the modern human origins debate focusing on the genetic evidence relating to our origins, including genetic variation in living humans and recent discoveries of ancient DNA from fossil specimens. Following a brief introduction to the problem and a review of evolutionary genetics, the book focuses on gene trees and the search for a common ancestor, genetic diversity within populations, genetic distances between populations, the use of genetic data to reconstruct ancient demography, and Neandertal DNA. The main point of the text is that although the genetic data are often compatible with a replacement model, they are also compatible with some multiregional models. The concluding chapter makes the case that modern human origins are mostly, but not exclusively, out of Africa.

Ancestors in Our Genome

Eugene E. Harris (Professor)
Ancestors in Our Genome Book PDF

Author : Eugene E. Harris (Professor)
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199978038

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Ancestors in Our Genome by Eugene E. Harris (Professor) Pdf

Geneticist Eugene Harris presents us with the complete and up-to-date account of the evolution of the human genome.

Reflections of Our Past

John H. Relethford,Deborah A. Bolnick
Reflections of Our Past Book PDF

Author : John H. Relethford,Deborah A. Bolnick
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429891717

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Reflections of Our Past by John H. Relethford,Deborah A. Bolnick Pdf

The rise of the multi-billion dollar ancestry testing industry points to one immutable truth about us as human beings: we want to know where we come from and who our ancestors were. John H. Relethford and Deborah A. Bolnick explore this topic and many more in this second edition of Reflections of Our Past. Where did modern humans come from and how important are the biological differences among us? Are we descended from Neandertals? How should we understand the connections between genetic ancestry, race, and identity? Were Native Americans the first to inhabit the Americas? Can we see evidence of the Viking invasions of Ireland a millennium ago even in the Irish of today? Through engaging examination of issues such as these, and using non-technical language, Reflections of Our Past shows how anthropologists use genetic information to suggest answers to fundamental questions about human history. By looking at genetic variation in the world today and in the past, we can reconstruct the recent and remote events and processes that have created the variation we see, providing a fascinating reflection of our genetic past.

Human Evolutionary Genetics

Mark Jobling,Matthew Hurles,Chris Tyler-Smith
Human Evolutionary Genetics Book PDF

Author : Mark Jobling,Matthew Hurles,Chris Tyler-Smith
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136844140

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Human Evolutionary Genetics by Mark Jobling,Matthew Hurles,Chris Tyler-Smith Pdf

Human Evolutionary Genetics is a groundbreaking text which for the first time brings together molecular genetics and genomics to the study of the origins and movements of human populations. Starting with an overview of molecular genomics for the non-specialist (which can be a useful review for those with a more genetic background), the book shows how data from the post-genomic era can be used to examine human origins and the human colonization of the planet, richly illustrated with genetic trees and global maps. For the first time in a textbook, the authors outline how genetic data and the understanding of our origins which emerges, can be applied to contemporary population analyses, including genealogies, forensics and medicine.

Human Origins

Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall
Human Origins Book PDF

Author : Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Nature
ISBN : UOM:39015077649856

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Human Origins by Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall Pdf

Describes how mapping the human genome has aided paleoanthropologists in their study of ancient bones used to explore human origins, from the earliest humans--bipedal apes--up to Martin Pickford's Millennium Man.

African Genesis

Sally C. Reynolds,Andrew Gallagher
African Genesis Book PDF

Author : Sally C. Reynolds,Andrew Gallagher
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 599 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107019959

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African Genesis by Sally C. Reynolds,Andrew Gallagher Pdf

This book reviews key themes and developments in palaeoanthropology, exploring their impact on our understanding of human origins in Africa.

The Human Inheritance

Bryan Sykes
The Human Inheritance Book PDF

Author : Bryan Sykes
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : 0198502745

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The Human Inheritance by Bryan Sykes Pdf

Very little excites human curiosity quite so much as contemplating human origins. More than any other branch of science, evolution - and human evolution in particular - is fraught with controversy. Working from what is essentially the same data, schools of opinion have come to diametrically opposed conclusions. Are we adapted Neanderthals, or a new species altogether which wiped them out? Did the first Americans enter the continent 30,000 or 12,000 years ago? Did the Polynesians sail against wind and current to an unknown fate, or were they just blown across from South America while out fishing? Why do we speak different languages? Is it because language traces our biological history, or are the two things completely unrelated? Evolution, because it deals with a past that can never conclusively be known, was once ideal material for perpetual debate. Enter genetics with a completely new source of objective data. Surely these old questions would soon be settled one way or another. Or would they? Bryan Sykes brings together a world-class set of contributors to debate these questions. The result is eight lively essays, each of which offers a different opinion about what the links between genes, language, and the archaeological record can tell us about human evolution - and indeed, whether they can tell us anything conclusive at all. This stimulating and challenging book poses more questions than it offers answers, eschews jargon, and pursues controversy. Guaranteed to fascinate anyone who has ever wondered how the fossil record, the incredible diversity of human language, and our genetic inheritance might combine to give a glimpse of human origins. Edited by Bryan Sykes, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford. Publisher's note.

Human Population Genetics

John H. Relethford
Human Population Genetics Book PDF

Author : John H. Relethford
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118181621

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Human Population Genetics by John H. Relethford Pdf

Introductory guide to human population genetics and microevolutionary theory Providing an introduction to mathematical population genetics, Human Population Genetics gives basic background on the mechanisms of human microevolution. This text combines mathematics, biology, and anthropology and is best suited for advanced undergraduate and graduate study. Thorough and accessible, Human Population Genetics presents concepts and methods of population genetics specific to human population study, utilizing uncomplicated mathematics like high school algebra and basic concepts of probability to explain theories central to the field. By describing changes in the frequency of genetic variants from one generation to the next, this book hones in on the mathematical basis of evolutionary theory. Human Population Genetics includes: Helpful formulae for learning ease Graphs and analogies that make basic points and relate the evolutionary process to mathematical ideas Glossary terms marked in boldface within the book the first time they appear In-text citations that act as reference points for further research Exemplary case studies Topics such as Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, inbreeding, mutation, genetic drift, natural selection, and gene flow Human Population Genetics solidifies knowledge learned in introductory biological anthropology or biology courses and makes it applicable to genetic study. NOTE: errata for the first edition can be found at the author's website: http://employees.oneonta.edu/relethjh/HPG/errata.pdf

Who We Are and How We Got Here

David Reich
Who We Are and How We Got Here Book PDF

Author : David Reich
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780192554383

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Who We Are and How We Got Here by David Reich Pdf

The past few years have witnessed a revolution in our ability to obtain DNA from ancient humans. This important new data has added to our knowledge from archaeology and anthropology, helped resolve long-existing controversies, challenged long-held views, and thrown up remarkable surprises. The emerging picture is one of many waves of ancient human migrations, so that all populations living today are mixes of ancient ones, and often carry a genetic component from archaic humans. David Reich, whose team has been at the forefront of these discoveries, explains what genetics is telling us about ourselves and our complex and often surprising ancestry. Gone are old ideas of any kind of racial âpurity.' Instead, we are finding a rich variety of mixtures. Reich describes the cutting-edge findings from the past few years, and also considers the sensitivities involved in tracing ancestry, with science sometimes jostling with politics and tradition. He brings an important wider message: that we should recognize that every one of us is the result of a long history of migration and intermixing of ancient peoples, which we carry as ghosts in our DNA. What will we discover next?

The Origins of Modern Humans

Fred H. Smith,James C. Ahern
The Origins of Modern Humans Book PDF

Author : Fred H. Smith,James C. Ahern
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118659908

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The Origins of Modern Humans by Fred H. Smith,James C. Ahern Pdf

This update to the award-winning The Origins of Modern Humans: A World Survey of the Fossil Evidence covers the most accepted common theories concerning the emergence of modern Homo sapiens adding fresh insight from top young scholars on the key new discoveries of the past 25 years. The Origins of Modern Humans: Biology Reconsidered allows field leaders to discuss and assess the assemblage of hominid fossil material in each region of the world during the Pleistocene epoch. It features new fossil and molecular evidence, such as the evolutionary inferences drawn from assessments of modern humans and large segments of the Neandertal genome. It also addresses the impact of digital imagery and the more sophisticated morphometrics that have entered the analytical fray since 1984. Beginning with a thoughtful introduction by the authors on modern human origins, the book offers such insightful chapter contributions as: Africa: The Cradle of Modern People Crossroads of the Old World: Late Hominin Evolution in Western Asia A River Runs through It: Modern Human Origins in East Asia Perspectives on the Origins of Modern Australians Modern Human Origins in Central Europe The Makers of the Early Upper Paleolithic in Western Eurasia Neandertal Craniofacial Growth and Development and Its Relevance for Modern Human Origins Energetics and the Origin of Modern Humans Understanding Human Cranial Variation in Light of Modern Human Origins The Relevance of Archaic Genomes to Modern Human Origins The Process of Modern Human Origins: The Evolutionary and Demographic Changes Giving Rise to Modern Humans The Paleobiology of Modern Human Emergence Elegant and thought provoking, The Origins of Modern Humans: Biology Reconsidered is an ideal read for students, grad students, and professionals in human evolution and paleoanthropology.

Troublesome Science

Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall
Troublesome Science Book PDF

Author : Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231546300

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Troublesome Science by Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall Pdf

It is well established that all humans today, wherever they live, belong to one single species. Yet even many people who claim to abhor racism take for granted that human “races” have a biological reality. In Troublesome Science, Rob DeSalle and Ian Tattersall provide a lucid and forceful critique of how scientific tools have been misused to uphold misguided racial categorizations. DeSalle and Tattersall argue that taxonomy, the scientific classification of organisms, provides an antidote to the myth of race’s biological basis. They explain how taxonomists do their science—how to identify a species and to understand the relationships among different species and the variants within them. DeSalle and Tattersall also detail the use of genetic data to trace human origins and look at how scientists have attempted to recognize discrete populations within Homo sapiens. Troublesome Science demonstrates conclusively that modern genetic tools, when applied correctly to the study of human variety, fail to find genuine differences. While the diversity that exists within our species is a real phenomenon, it nevertheless defeats any systematic attempt to recognize discrete units within it. The stark lines that humans insist on drawing between their own groups and others are nothing but a mixture of imagination and ideology. Troublesome Science is an important call for researchers, journalists, and citizens to cast aside the belief that race has a biological meaning, for the sake of social justice and sound science alike.

The Human Species: An Introduction to Biological Anthropology

John Relethford
The Human Species An Introduction to Biological Anthropology Book PDF

Author : John Relethford
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009-08-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0073531014

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The Human Species: An Introduction to Biological Anthropology by John Relethford Pdf

This text introduces physical anthropology, the science of human biological evolution and variation. Divided into four parts, it addresses the major questions that concern biological anthropologists--"What are humans?" "Where are our origins?" "How did we evolve, and are we still evolving?" and "What does the future hold for the human species?--with an emphasis on hypothesis testing and the relationship between biology and culture.

Genomes, Evolution, and Culture

Rene J. Herrera,Ralph Garcia-Bertrand,Francisco M. Salzano
Genomes Evolution and Culture Book PDF

Author : Rene J. Herrera,Ralph Garcia-Bertrand,Francisco M. Salzano
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118876404

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Genomes, Evolution, and Culture by Rene J. Herrera,Ralph Garcia-Bertrand,Francisco M. Salzano Pdf

This book combines recent information and discoveries in the field of human molecular biology and human molecular evolution. It provides an interdisciplinary approach drawing together data from various diverse disciplines to address both the more classical anthropological content and the current more contemporary molecular focus of courses. Chapters include a history of human evolutionary genetics; the human genome structure and function; population structure and variability; gene and genomic dynamics; culture; health and disease; bioethics; future.

Ancestral DNA, Human Origins, and Migrations

Rene J. Herrera,Ralph Garcia-Bertrand
Ancestral DNA Human Origins and Migrations Book PDF

Author : Rene J. Herrera,Ralph Garcia-Bertrand
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2018-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128041284

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Ancestral DNA, Human Origins, and Migrations by Rene J. Herrera,Ralph Garcia-Bertrand Pdf

Ancestral DNA, Human Origins, and Migrations describes the genesis of humans in Africa and the subsequent story of how our species migrated to every corner of the globe. Different phases of this journey are presented in an integrative format with information from a number of disciplines, including population genetics, evolution, anthropology, archaeology, climatology, linguistics, art, music, folklore and history. This unique approach weaves a story that has synergistic impact in the clarity and level of understanding that will appeal to those researching, studying, and interested in population genetics, evolutionary biology, human migrations, and the beginnings of our species. Integrates research and information from the fields of genetics, evolution, anthropology, archaeology, climatology, linguistics, art, music, folklore and history, among others Presents the content in an entertaining and synergistic style to facilitate a deep understanding of human population genetics Informs on the origins and recent evolution of our species in an approachable manner

Conceptual Issues in Modern Human Origins Research

Geoffrey A. Clark,Catherine M. Willermet
Conceptual Issues in Modern Human Origins Research Book PDF

Author : Geoffrey A. Clark,Catherine M. Willermet
Publisher : Aldine De Gruyter
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0202020398

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Conceptual Issues in Modern Human Origins Research by Geoffrey A. Clark,Catherine M. Willermet Pdf

While those who study human origins now agree that the evolution of modern human form extends back much further in time than the evolution of modern human behavior, they disagree sharply as to how to interpret the substantive data. Two fundamentally incommensurate interpretations of our origins, the "Replacement" camp and the "Continuity" camp, have now emerged out of pre-existing models and theories that go back to the last quarter of the 19th century. This book contends that these positions are based on radically different biases and assumptions about what the remote human past was like. The purpose of this volume is to examine those conceptual differences, not to arrive at a consensus, but rather to explore the reasons why a consensus might never be possible.