Glial Neurobiology

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky,Arthur Butt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2007-08-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0470513071

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Glial Neurobiology by Alexei Verkhratsky,Arthur Butt Pdf

"This volume is a very valuable and much needed contribution." –Quarterly Review of Biology AT LAST - A comprehensive, accessible textbook on glial neurobiology! Glial cells are the most numerous cells in the human brain but for many years have attracted little scientific attention. Neurophysiologists concentrated their research efforts instead, on neurones and neuronal networks because it was thought that they were the key elements responsible for higher brain function. Recent advances, however, indicate this isn’t exactly the case. Not only are astroglial cells the stem elements from which neurones are born, but they also control the development, functional activity and death of neuronal circuits. These ground-breaking developments have revolutionized our understanding of the human brain and the complex interrelationship of glial and neuronal networks in health and disease. Features of this book: an accessible introduction to glial neurobiology including an overview of glial cell function and its active role in neural processes, brain function and nervous system pathology an exploration of all the major types of glial cells including: the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia of the ACNS and Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system; the book also presents a broad overview of glial receptors and ion channels an investigation into the role of glial cells in various types of brain diseases including stroke, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Alexander's disease, brain oedema, multiple sclerosis and many more a wealth of illustrations, including unique images from the authors' own libraries of images, describing the main features of glial cells Written by two leading experts in the field, Glial Neurobiology provides a concise, authoritative introduction to glial physiology and pathology for undergraduate/postgraduate neuroscience, biomedical, medical, pharmacy, pharmacology, and neurology, neurosurgery and physiology students. It is also an invaluable resource for researchers in neuroscience, physiology, pharmacology and pharmaceutics.

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky,Arthur Butt
Publisher : Wiley
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2007-09-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0470015640

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Glial Neurobiology by Alexei Verkhratsky,Arthur Butt Pdf

"This volume is a very valuable and much needed contribution." –Quarterly Review of Biology AT LAST - A comprehensive, accessible textbook on glial neurobiology! Glial cells are the most numerous cells in the human brain but for many years have attracted little scientific attention. Neurophysiologists concentrated their research efforts instead, on neurones and neuronal networks because it was thought that they were the key elements responsible for higher brain function. Recent advances, however, indicate this isn’t exactly the case. Not only are astroglial cells the stem elements from which neurones are born, but they also control the development, functional activity and death of neuronal circuits. These ground-breaking developments have revolutionized our understanding of the human brain and the complex interrelationship of glial and neuronal networks in health and disease. Features of this book: an accessible introduction to glial neurobiology including an overview of glial cell function and its active role in neural processes, brain function and nervous system pathology an exploration of all the major types of glial cells including: the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia of the ACNS and Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system; the book also presents a broad overview of glial receptors and ion channels an investigation into the role of glial cells in various types of brain diseases including stroke, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Alexander's disease, brain oedema, multiple sclerosis and many more a wealth of illustrations, including unique images from the authors' own libraries of images, describing the main features of glial cells Written by two leading experts in the field, Glial Neurobiology provides a concise, authoritative introduction to glial physiology and pathology for undergraduate/postgraduate neuroscience, biomedical, medical, pharmacy, pharmacology, and neurology, neurosurgery and physiology students. It is also an invaluable resource for researchers in neuroscience, physiology, pharmacology and pharmaceutics.

Author : Rommy von Bernhardi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319407647

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Glial Cells in Health and Disease of the CNS by Rommy von Bernhardi Pdf

A timely overview covering the three major types of glial cells in the central nervous system - astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. New findings on glia biology are overturning a century of conventional thinking about how the brain operates and are expanding our knowledge about information processing in the brain. The book will present recent research findings on the role of glial cells in both healthy function and disease. It will comprehensively cover a broad spectrum of topics while remaining compact in size.

Author : Yves Agid,Pierre Magistretti
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780192587015

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Glial Man by Yves Agid,Pierre Magistretti Pdf

Glial cells play an essential role in initiating and controlling our behaviours, playing a major role in communication between brain cells. They share certain properties with neurons, including the ability to use information from the environment to formulate behaviors. Understanding these cells is key to explaining human movement, emotion, and thoughts. Moreover, glial cells provide a panoply of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. This book is the 'brain' child of two scientist physicians: Pierre Magistretti, a leading expert in cerebral metabolism and glial cell biology, and Yves Agid, an expert in the treatment of nervous system diseases and a researcher in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. This book provides many examples of the decisive role glial cells play in the functioning of the human brain, as well as in neurological and psychiatric pathologies. The result is a revolution in our understanding of the brain and a beacon of hope in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Author : Kristjan R. Jessen,William David Richardson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015054436038

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Glial Cell Development by Kristjan R. Jessen,William David Richardson Pdf

The majority of cells in the nervous system are glial cells. During de velopment, these cells provide growth factors that stimulate the proli feration, migration and survival of neurones and their precursors, and promote and guide axonal growth. In the mature nervous system, glial cells provide insulating myelin sheath around axons and provide metabo lic and structural support for neurones. Glial cells also have a major influence on the local response to injury of central nerve tracts and the peripheral nervous system, either promoting, or inhibiting, axona l regrowth and recovery of lost function. This book provides a compreh ensive, state-of-the-art overview of research into the development, fu nction and malfunction of glial cells. It offers a compelling insight into how basic research throws light onto diseases and disorders and p oints the way towards treatments. Teams of internationally renowned ex perts, all active in research, have contributed chapters.

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky,Arthur Butt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118402054

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Glial Physiology and Pathophysiology by Alexei Verkhratsky,Arthur Butt Pdf

Glial Physiology and Pathophysiology provides a comprehensive, advanced text on the biology and pathology of glial cells. Coverae includes: the morphology and interrelationships between glial cells and neurones in different parts of the nervous systems the cellular physiology of the different kinds of glial cells the mechanisms of intra- and inter-cellular signalling in glial networks the mechanisms of glial-neuronal communications the role of glial cells in synaptic plasticity, neuronal survival and development of nervous system the cellular and molecular mechanisms of metabolic neuronal-glial interactions the role of glia in nervous system pathology, including pathology of glial cells and associated diseases - for example, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Alexander disease and Parkinson's Neuroglia oversee the birth and development of neurones, the establishment of interneuronal connections (the 'connectome'), the maintenance and removal of these inter-neuronal connections, writing of the nervous system components, adult neurogenesis, the energetics of nervous tissue, metabolism of neurotransmitters, regulation of ion composition of the interstitial space and many, many more homeostatic functions. This book primes the reader towards the notion that nervous tissue is not divided into more important and less important cells. The nervous tissue functions because of the coherent and concerted action of many different cell types, each contributing to an ultimate output. This reaches its zenith in humans, with the creation of thoughts, underlying acquisition of knowledge, its analysis and synthesis, and contemplating the Universe and our place in it. An up-to-date and fully referenced text on the most numerous cells in the human brain Detailed coverage of the morphology and interrelationships between glial cells and neurones in different parts of the nervous system Describes the role og glial cells in neuropathology Focus boxes highlight key points and summarise important facts Companion website with downloadable figures and slides

Author : Glenn I. Hatton,Vladimir Parpura
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2004-05-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402079375

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Glial ⇔ Neuronal Signaling by Glenn I. Hatton,Vladimir Parpura Pdf

Glial Neuronal Signaling fills a need for a monograph/textbook to be used in advanced courses or graduate seminars aimed at exploring glial-neuronal interactions. Even experts in the field will find useful the authoritative summaries of evidence on ion channels and transporters in glia, genes involved in signaling during development, metabolic cross talk and cooperation between astrocytes and neurons, to mention but a few of the timely summaries of a wide range of glial-neuronal interactions. The chapters are written by the top researchers in the field of glial-neuronal signaling, and cover the most current advances in this field. The book will also be of value to the workers in the field of cell biology in general. When we think about the brain we usually think about neurons. Although there are 100 billion neurons in mammalian brain, these cells do not constitute a majority. Quite the contrary, glial cells and other non-neuronal cells are 10-50 times more numerous than neurons. This book is meant to integrate the emerging body of information that has been accumulating, revealing the interactive nature of the brain's two major neural cell types, neurons and glia, in brain function.

Author : Antonia Vernadakis,Betty I. Roots
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1995-07-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592594689

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Neuron—Glia Interrelations During Phylogeny by Antonia Vernadakis,Betty I. Roots Pdf

Author : F. Hajos,E. Basco
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642696237

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The Surface-Contact Glia by F. Hajos,E. Basco Pdf

1. 1 Brief History The diversity of cells constituting the central nervous system did not deceive last century neurohistologists in recognizing that this organ contained essentially two cell types: the nerve cells, or as termed according to the emerging concept of neural contiguity, the neurons, and the neuroglial cells. Neurons were clearly shown to be the means of excitability, impulse generation, impulse transmission, and connectivity in the neural tissue. The neuroglia, as indicated by its name (YAloc=cement or glue) given by Virchow (1860), was thought to be the cement ing material ensuring the coherence of the nervous tissue, filling in the spaces of the neuropil, and isolating neuronal cell bodies. While this supposedly passive role did not attract multidisciplinary research on the neuroglia, successful efforts were made to extend our knowledge of the physiology, morphology, and bio chemistry of neurons. As a result of this, the investigation of the neuroglia carried out in the first half of this century was mainly confined to morphology, often as a by-product of comprehensive analyses of neuronal systems. At any rate, the histological classification of the neuroglia was accomplished, laying a framework which has been used to the present day. Accordingly, the glia was divided into two major groups: the macro- and microglia. The former comprises two further subclasses, the astroglia and oligodendroglia.

Author : Ishan Patro,Pankaj Seth,Nisha Patro,Prakash Narain Tandon
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 763 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-04-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811683138

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The Biology of Glial Cells: Recent Advances by Ishan Patro,Pankaj Seth,Nisha Patro,Prakash Narain Tandon Pdf

This book reviews the role of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendroglia, satellite cells, and Schwann cells) in neuronal health and diseases. It discusses the latest advances in understanding their origin, differentiation, and hemostasis. The book also examines the role of microglial cells in central nervous system (CNS) development, maintenance, and synaptic plasticity. Further, the book presents the functions of astrocytes in healthy CNS and their critical role in CNS disorders, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Notably, the book describes the pathobiology, molecular pathogenesis, stem cells, and imaging characteristics of gliomas. It defines the role of glial cells in regulating iron homeostasis and their effect on the neurodegeneration of neurons. Lastly, it covers the structure, function, and pathology of oligodendrocytes and their role in neuronal health and disease. ​

Author : Rebecca Matsas,Marco Tsacopoulos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461546856

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The Functional Roles of Glial Cells in Health and Disease by Rebecca Matsas,Marco Tsacopoulos Pdf

Thirty-five years ago, when Stephen Kuffler and his colleagues at Harvard initiated a new era of research on the properties and functions of neuroglial cells, very few neuro scientists were impressed at the time with the hypothesis that neuroglial cells could have another, though more subtle, role to play in the nervous system than to provide static support to neurons. Today, very few neuroscientists are unaware of the fact that multiple interactions between neurons and glial cells have been described, and that they consti tute the basis for understanding the function and the pathology of the nervous system. Glial cells outnumber neurons and make up about one-half of the bulk of the nervous system. They are divided into two major classes: first, the macroglia, which include astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system; and second, the microglial cells. These different classes of glial cells have different functions and contribute in different ways in the devel opment, function, and the pathology of the nervous system.

Author : Håkan Aldskogius,John Fraher
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Excitatory amino acids
ISBN : 1586031996

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Glial Interfaces in the Nervous System by Håkan Aldskogius,John Fraher Pdf

Glial cells are commonly viewed as subordinate players to the functional requirements of neighbouring neurons - in normal as well as pathological conditions. These neuron-glial interactions are crucial for the development, maintenance, plasticity and repair of the nervous system. They are also dependent upon and/or influenced by interactions between glial cells themselves.

Author : Alexei Verkhratsky,Vladimir Parpura
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615046492

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Introduction to Neuroglia by Alexei Verkhratsky,Vladimir Parpura Pdf

This book is the introduction to a series of e-books dedicated to the physiology and pathophysiology of neuroglia. The topic of neuroglia is generally overlooked in neuroscience curricula across the world, the main attention being focused on the description of excitability of neurons and neuronal networks. The neuroglia, being electrically non-excitable, are universally regarded as supportive cells which do not contribute to information processing. This oversimplified view, however, ignores the tremendous importance of brain homeostasis, which is imperative for the ongoing activity of neuronal networks. It also ignores the truth that specialization of neurons and their ability for rapid propagation and multi-level integration of signals become possible only because of delegation of homeostatic abilities to neuroglia. Furthermore, glial cells contribute to information processing as they can modulate neuronal synaptic transmission. Finally, neuroglia provide the only system of brain defense and as such these cells are intimately involved in all types of neuropathologies, and contribute to both neuroprotection and regeneration of the nervous system. The e-books in this series provide a platform for in-depth learning of all aspects of neuroglial cells function in health and disease.

Author : Jaxon Blakeley
Publisher : American Medical Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2023-09-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9798887401348

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Glial Neurobiology in Mental Illness by Jaxon Blakeley Pdf

Mental illness refers to a mental or behavioral pattern which causes significant interference with the functioning of a person. The behavioral patterns can be remitting, relapsing or persistent, and can occur in isolated episodes. Glial cells are important for proper functioning of neurons and dysfunction in glial cells can result in various mental illnesses, like psychiatric disorders, autism, glioblastoma and multiple sclerosis. They do not produce electrical impulses and are found in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. They help homeostasis, produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system, while providing protection and support to the neurons. Glial cells comprise ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes in the central nervous system. They are made up of satellite cells and schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. This book strives to provide a fair idea about glial neurobiology in mental illness and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances in their clinical management. Those with an interest in this field would find it helpful.

Author : Bernardo Castellano,Berta González,Manuel Nieto-Sampedro
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461557371

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Understanding Glial Cells by Bernardo Castellano,Berta González,Manuel Nieto-Sampedro Pdf

A collection of selected works presented by Spanish research teams at the establishment and consolidation of the Spanish Glial Network in February 1997. Includes: morphology and ontogeny, molecular and biochemical properties, pathology, and involvement in damage and regeneration. For researchers, clinicians, students, and teachers.