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Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Office of International Affairs,Committee on Japan
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1998-05-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309058476
Author : Harvey Brooks,Bruce R. Guile
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1987-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309037365
Author : Paul Doremus,William W. Keller,Louis W. Pauly,Simon Reich
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691223872
Critics and defenders of multinational corporations often agree on at least one thing: that the activities of multinationals are creating an overwhelmingly powerful global market that is quickly rendering national borders obsolete. The authors of this book, however, argue that such expectations commonly rest on a myth. They examine key activities of multinational corporations in the United States, Japan, and Europe and explore the relationship between corporate behavior and national institutions and cultures. They demonstrate that the world's leading multinationals continue to be shaped decisively by the policies and values of their home countries and that their core operations are not converging to create a seamless global market. With a wealth of fresh evidence, the authors show that Japanese and German multinationals, in particular, remain only weakly committed to laissez-faire policy orientations and continue to exhibit strong allegiance to national goals in such areas as investment and employment. They also bring to light the consequences of enduring differences in government policies on, for example, industrial cartels, capital markets, and research and development. The authors agree that the world economy is becoming more complex and integrated as overt barriers to trade and investment fall away. But they conclude that the extent of this integration is decisively limited by structural divergence at the level of the firm. The book will be essential reading for those seeking to understand the growing interdependence of still-distinctive industrial societies and the wellsprings of the true global economy.
Author : Richard Sedric Fox Eells
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : International business enterprises
ISBN : UCSC:32106000903440
Monograph on the role of multinational enterprises in the international economic system - examines relationships between the multinational enterprise and the State, and covers investment policy trends of multinationals, theoretical and social implications, etc. References.
Author : Edward Graham
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1996-06-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780881324426
There is inherent tension between the increasingly global focus of foreign investors and the continuing national focus of governments. Countries, particularly developing ones, compete to attract investment from global corporations, and they attach performance requirements to tilt the impact of those investments in their favor. This is because the host nations expect investment to raise growth levels, efficiency, and living standards. At the same time, the home countries of such corporations worry that their firms are not accorded fair and reciprocal treatment abroad. These issues have become a source of conflict among nations, one that could escalate considerably if an agreement is not soon reached. Graham's study analyzes the nature and depth of the international investment problem and its potential impact on the world economy and on economic relations among nations. He urges that current rules on foreign direct investment be enlarged and restructured via new international rules and institutional arrangements and offers two alternatives for doing so.
Author : Avery Elizabeth Hurt
Publisher : Greenhaven Publishing LLC
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-15
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781534506459
Corporations are increasingly dominating the economic and political landscape of our globe. People in even the remotest regions drink Coca Cola, and a McDonald's is located near many of the world's most famous tourist sites. How did this happen in such a relatively short time, and is there any turning back now that deregulation and legislation favor such organizations? Does this dominance threaten democracy? And, given the power of tech companies like Apple, Facebook, and Twitter, what is in store for the future? The perspectives in this volume tackle the powerful rise of corporations and their influence around the world.
Author : Lee, In
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 1458 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-02-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781615206124
"This research book is a repository for academicians, researchers, and industry practitioners to share and exchange their research ideas, theories, and practical experiences, discuss challenges and opportunities, and present tools and techniques in all aspects of e-business development and management in the digital economy"--Provided by publisher.
Author : René Haak,Dennis S. Tachiki
Publisher : IUDICIUM Verlag
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783891298480
Both proponents and opponents of globalization assume it is a process that sweeps across national borders. Indeed, over the last twenty years, the key features of globalization provide prima facie evidence for this conventional wisdom. Dramatic developments in information and communications technology, the rise of global companies and production networks, the unstoppable internationalization of financial markets, and the deregulation and privatization of service sectors are all important examples of how this process unfolds in its raw form. Nevertheless, the increase in regional economic activity is another striking feature of this process. As multinational corporations extend their global reach, regional networks also emerge in the global trading system. Globalization therefore does not only mean a global convolution of economies, but could also lead to a spatial concentration of economic activity. All through the 1990s and at the beginning of the new century, East Asia experienced numerous structural changes leading to interesting market developments. South Korea’s rise to developed country status, the integration of the Southeast Asian economies, and the rise of China have made this region the manufacturing center of the global economy. Considering the economic importance of Japan and the other East Asian nations in the world, the crucial questions that arise include: What are the linkages between the global strategies of multinational corporations and their regional business operations? Why do subregional strategies emerge, especially recently to take advantage of China as a production base and market? Are the modern business practices in a multinational corporation’s home country easily transferred to their overseas operations and are they readily absorbed by local employees? Finally, which strategic directions are Japanese, American, East Asian and European enterprises going in this important business area of the world? To answer these questions, this book takes a closer look at several structural features of the East Asian economy and the corporate and business strategies of multinational corporations. The volume assembles up-to-date research by a number of European, Australian and Japanese scholars, and presents analysis of various business aspects of regional strategies in a global economy.
Author : Richard Dobbs,James Manyika,Jonathan Woetzel
Publisher : Hachette UK
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781610397629
Our intuition on how the world works could well be wrong. We are surprised when new competitors burst on the scene, or businesses protected by large and deep moats find their defenses easily breached, or vast new markets are conjured from nothing. Trend lines resemble saw-tooth mountain ridges. The world not only feels different. The data tell us it is different. Based on years of research by the directors of the McKinsey Global Institute, No Ordinary Disruption: The Four Forces Breaking all the Trends is a timely and important analysis of how we need to reset our intuition as a result of four forces colliding and transforming the global economy: the rise of emerging markets, the accelerating impact of technology on the natural forces of market competition, an aging world population, and accelerating flows of trade, capital and people. Our intuitions formed during a uniquely benign period for the world economy -- often termed the Great Moderation. Asset prices were rising, cost of capital was falling, labour and resources were abundant, and generation after generation was growing up more prosperous than their parents. But the Great Moderation has gone. The cost of capital may rise. The price of everything from grain to steel may become more volatile. The world's labor force could shrink. Individuals, particularly those with low job skills, are at risk of growing up poorer than their parents. What sets No Ordinary Disruption apart is depth of analysis combined with lively writing informed by surprising, memorable insights that enable us to quickly grasp the disruptive forces at work. For evidence of the shift to emerging markets, consider the startling fact that, by 2025, a single regional city in China -- Tianjin -- will have a GDP equal to that of the Sweden, of that, in the decades ahead, half of the world's economic growth will come from 440 cities including Kumasi in Ghana or Santa Carina in Brazil that most executives today would be hard-pressed to locate on a map. What we are now seeing is no ordinary disruption but the new facts of business life -- facts that require executives and leaders at all levels to reset their operating assumptions and management intuition.
Author : Barry C. Lynn
Publisher : Random House Digital, Inc.
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105119729452
Lynn shows that globalization can be a great force for spreading prosperity and promoting peace--but only when its complexities are mastered and protections are in place.
Author : David B. Audretsch,Erik E. Lehmann,Albert N. Link,Alexander Starnecker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781461461029
Technology transfer—the process of sharing and disseminating knowledge, skills, scientific discoveries, production methods, and other innovations among universities, government agencies, private firms, and other institutions—is one of the major challenges of societies operating in the global economy. This volume offers state-of-the-art insights on the dynamics of technology transfer, emerging from the annual meeting of the Technology Transfer Society in 2011 in Augsburg, Germany. It showcases theoretical and empirical analyses from participants across the technology transfer spectrum, representing academic, educational, policymaking, and commercial perspectives. The volume features case studies of industries and institutions in Europe, the United States, and Australasia, explored through a variety of methodological approaches, and providing unique contributions to our understanding of how and why technology transfer is shaped and affected by different institutional settings, with implications for policy and business decision making.
Author : Proceedings of the Sixth Convocation of The Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309038423
The technological revolution has reached around the world, with important consequences for business, government, and the labor market. Computer-aided design, telecommunications, and other developments are allowing small players to compete with traditional giants in manufacturing and other fields. In this volume, 16 engineering and industrial experts representing eight countries discuss the growth of technological advances and their impact on specific industries and regions of the world. From various perspectives, these distinguished commentators describe the practical aspects of technology's reach into business and trade.
Author : Suzanne Berger
Publisher : Crown Currency
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2005-12-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780385516969
"Impressive... This is an evidence-based bottom-up account of the realities of globalisation. It is more varied, more subtle, and more substantial than many of the popular works available on the subject." -- Financial Times Based on a five-year study by the MIT Industrial Performance Center, How We Compete goes into the trenches of over 500 international companies to discover which practices are succeeding in today’s global economy, which are failing –and why. There is a rising fear in America that no job is safe. In industry after industry, jobs seem to be moving to low-wage countries in Asia, Central America, and Eastern Europe. Production once handled entirely in U.S. factories is now broken into pieces and farmed out to locations around the world. To discover whether our current fears about globalization are justified, Suzanne Berger and a group of MIT researchers went to the front lines, visiting workplaces and factories around the world. They conducted interviews with managers at more than 500 companies, asking questions about which parts of the manufacturing process are carried out in their own plants and which are outsourced, who their biggest competitors are, and how they plan to grow their businesses. How We Compete presents their fascinating, and often surprising, conclusions. Berger and her team examined businesses where technology changes rapidly–such as electronics and software–as well as more traditional sectors, like the automobile industry, clothing, and textile industries. They compared the strategies and success of high-tech companies like Intel and Sony, who manufacture their products in their own plants, and Cisco and Dell, who rely primarily on outsourcing. They looked closely at textile and clothing to uncover why some companies, including the Gap and Liz Claiborne, choose to outsource production to foreign countries, while others, such as Zara and Benetton, base most operations at home. What emerged was far more complicated than the black-and-white picture presented by promoters and opponents of globalization. Contrary to popular belief, cheap labor is not the answer, and the world is not flat, as Thomas Friedman would have it. How We Compete shows that there are many different ways to win in the global economy, and that the avenues open to American companies are much wider than we ever imagined. SUZANNE BERGER is the Raphael Dorman and Helen Starbuck Professor of Political Science at MIT and director of the MIT International Science and Technology Initiative. She was a member of the MIT Commission on Industrial Productivity, whose report Made in America analyzed weaknesses and strengths in U.S. industry in the 1980s. She lives in Boston , Massachusetts.
Author : Tagi Sagafi-nejad,John H. Dunning
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 626 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780253000699
Are transnational corporations (TNCs) and foreign direct investment beneficial or harmful to societies around the world? Since the birth of the United Nations more than 60 years ago, these questions have been major issues of interest and involvement for UN institutions. What have been the key ideas generated by the UN about TNCs and their relations with nation-states? How have these ideas evolved and what has been their impact? This book examines the history of UN engagement with TNCs, including the creation of the UN Commission and Centre on Transnational Corporations in 1974, the failed efforts of these bodies to craft a code of conduct to temper the revealed abuses of TNCs, and, with the advent of globalization in the 1980s, the evolution of a more cooperative relationship between TNCs and developing countries, resulting in the 1999 Global Compact.
Author : Peter Lowe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798657250527
This book (1st edition published in June 2020) examines the factors behind the growth of transnational corporations (TNCs) and multinational corporations (MNCs), and how they have become a major force in the increasing interdependence of national economies through their role in international trade, investment and capital. TNCs & MNCs have undoubtedly become key players in the process of globalisation, and vital to the economic development of emerging economies during recent decades. Yet, the geography of their ownership is also changing. The domination of the USA and Europe, as home to the world's largest companies is being challenged by the emergence of powerful corporations from the newly industrialised countries of Asia, particularly South Korea, India and China.The activities of TNCs & MNCs inevitably lead to significant economic, social and environmental consequences for their host countries, as well as on their own country of origin. Both positive and negative impacts are assessed, while case studies of Apple, BP and Dyson provide additional detailed examination of the characteristics, spatial organisation, growth and impacts of three global corporations. Although they differ in their history and geographical origins, product lines and scale of operations, they share a number of common features with each other, particularly in how their growth has facilitated and exploited the opportunities arising from the process of globalisation.Nevertheless, TNCs & MNCs are not all-powerful. They too can be affected by global events outside their control, illustrated most recently by the economic fallout from worldwide lockdowns. History also suggests that, in the battle for power and influence over economies, large corporations are frequently vulnerable to unpredictable decisions from governments; including sudden tax rises, the removal of 'licences' or even the expropriation of their assets.Chapters: Characteristics & Spatial Organisation of TNCs/MNCsReasons for the Growth of TNCs/MNCsImpacts of TNCs/MNCs on Host CountriesImpacts of TNCs/MNCs on the Country of OriginRole of TNCs/MNCs & Nation States in GlobalisationCase Study of Apple Inc.Case Study of BP plcCase Study of Dyson Ltd.Numerous discussion questions and multiple-choice review questions are included, along with graphs and photos, to create a more interactive and educational experience for the reader.It will be of relevance to A Level and IB Geography teachers and students, as well as anyone with an interest in the nature and impacts of transnational & multinational corporations, and their role in the global economy.
