Grassland Invertebrates

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Grassland Invertebrates

Jim P. Curry
Grassland Invertebrates Book PDF

Author : Jim P. Curry
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1993-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 0412165201

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Grassland Invertebrates by Jim P. Curry Pdf

Grasslands comprise more than a quarter of the Earth's land surface. In addition to supporting a wide range of vertebrates such as domestic livestock and a variety of games species, grassland is the natural habitat for a wide range of invertebrate species, and this book considers those which occur in grassland and their impact on soil fertility and herbage growth. It describes grassland as a habitat for invertebrates, the groups which occur there and their abudance. An extensive literature on grassland invertebrates scattered through numerous scientific journals and reports is drawn on in an attempt to develop an overview. In the opening chapter the major grassland types are considered and the features which influence the distribution and abudance of the invertebrates which inhabit them are discussed. Next the major taxonomic groups are reviewed in turn, with a brief account of their biology and ecology and of their ecosystem role. Some general features of grassland invertebrate communities are then described and teh factors which influence th epopulation densities of their constituent species are considered. Particular attentionm is given to the ways in which populations are influenced by management practices. The final and largest chapterdeals with the various ways in which invertebrates influence important grassland processes through ingestion of organic matter, interaction with injurious species is considered, with particular emphasis on the potential for achieving this through manipulating grassland management practices.

Grassland-Invertebrate Interactions: Plant Productivity, Resilience and Community Dynamics

Ivan Hiltpold,Michael Rostás
Grassland Invertebrate Interactions Plant Productivity Resilience and Community Dynamics Book PDF

Author : Ivan Hiltpold,Michael Rostás
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889452903

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Grassland-Invertebrate Interactions: Plant Productivity, Resilience and Community Dynamics by Ivan Hiltpold,Michael Rostás Pdf

Natural and anthropogenic grasslands such as prairies, meadows, rangelands, and pastures cover more than 40% of the planet’s surface and provide a wealth of ecological services. Grasslands alone store one third of the global carbon stocks and grass roots, through their specific architectures, ensure water cycling and prevent the erosion of fertile topsoil. In addition, grasslands are of vital importance for human food production as vast areas of rangelands and pastures provide feed for livestock. Pastoral legumes mobilize atmospheric nitrogen and improve fertility of arable soils. Not least, grasslands are an essential genetic resource. The three major crop species that feed half of the global population have been bred from wild grasses. Ancestors of our contemporary turf cultivars, common components of urban landscapes and recreation spaces, originated from wild grasslands. Although natural and managed grasslands represent pivotal ecosystems, many aspects of how they function are poorly understood. To date, most attention has focused on grassland primary producers (i.e. forage plants) and mammalian grazers but invertebrates are likely to play an equally, if not more important role in grassland ecosystem functioning. In Australian pastures, for example, the biomass of root-feeding scarab beetles can often exceed that of sheep and plant damage caused by invertebrates is sometimes equivalent to an average dairy cow’s grass consumption. Indeed, grasslands are one of the most densely populated ecosystems with invertebrates being probably the most important engineers that shape both plant communities and the grassland as a whole. In a rapidly changing world with increasing anthropogenic pressure on grasslands, this Research Topic focuses on: 1. How grassland habitats shape invertebrate biodiversity 2. Impacts of climate change on grassland-invertebrate interactions 3. Plant and invertebrate pest monitoring and management 4. Plant-mediated multitrophic interactions and biological control in grasslands 5. Land use and grassland invertebrates 6. Plant resistance to invertebrate pests Given the increasing demand for food and land for human habitation, unprecedented threats to grasslands are anticipated. Resilient to some extent, these key ecosystems need to be better comprehended to guarantee their sustainable management and ecosystem services.

Human Exploitation and Biodiversity Conservation

David L. Hawksworth,Alan T. Bull
Human Exploitation and Biodiversity Conservation Book PDF

Author : David L. Hawksworth,Alan T. Bull
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2008-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402052835

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Human Exploitation and Biodiversity Conservation by David L. Hawksworth,Alan T. Bull Pdf

This book presents a wide range of contributions addressing diverse aspects of biodiversity exploitation and conservation. These collectively provide a snapshot of ongoing action and state-of-the-art research, rather than a series of necessarily more superficial overviews. Examples presented here derive from studies in 17 countries including Africa, Asia, Europe, and North and South America. These reports will stimulate future work toward attaining a sustainable balance between the conservation and exploitation of biodiversity.

Prairie Conservation

Fred B. Samson,Fritz L. Knopf
Prairie Conservation Book PDF

Author : Fred B. Samson,Fritz L. Knopf
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1996-08
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1610913949

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Prairie Conservation by Fred B. Samson,Fritz L. Knopf Pdf

The area of native prairie known as the Great Plains once extended from Canada to the Mexican border and from the foothills of the Rocky Mountains to western Indiana and Wisconsin. Today the declines in prairie landscape types, estimated to be as high as 99%, exceed those of any other major ecosystem in North America. The overwhelming loss of landscape and accompanying loss of species constitute a real threat to both ecological and human economic health.Prairie Conservation is a comprehensive examination of the history, ecology, and current status of North American grasslands. It presents for the first time in a single volume information on the historical, economic, and cultural significance of prairies, their natural history and ecology, threats, and conservation and restoration programs currently underway. Chapters cover: environmental history of the Great Plains the economic value of prairie prairie types -- tallgrass, mixed grass, shortgrass, wetlands -- and the ecological processes that sustain each type prairie fauna -- invertebrates, fish and other aquatic creatures, amphibians and reptiles, birds, and mammals conservation programs such as the Great Plains Partnership, Canada's Prairie Conservation Action Plan, the U.S. Prairie Pothole Joint Venture, and others The book brings together knowledge and insights from a wide range of experts to describe and explain the importance of prairies and to position them in the forefront of North American conservation efforts. Praire Conservation is an essential reference for anyone interested in prairie ecology and conservation and will play a critical role in broadening our awareness and understanding of prairie ecosystems.

Encyclopedia of Insects

Vincent H. Resh,Ring T. Cardé
Encyclopedia of Insects Book PDF

Author : Vincent H. Resh,Ring T. Cardé
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1168 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-07-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 008092090X

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Encyclopedia of Insects by Vincent H. Resh,Ring T. Cardé Pdf

Awarded Best Reference by the New York Public Library (2004), Outstanding Academic Title by CHOICE (2003), and AAP/PSP 2003 Best Single Volume Reference/Sciences by Association of American Publishers' Professional Scholarly Publishing Division, the first edition of Encyclopedia of Insects was acclaimed as the most comprehensive work devoted to insects. Covering all aspects of insect anatomy, physiology, evolution, behavior, reproduction, ecology, and disease, as well as issues of exploitation, conservation, and management, this book sets the standard in entomology. The second edition of this reference will continue the tradition by providing the most comprehensive, useful, and up-to-date resource for professionals. Expanded sections in forensic entomology, biotechnology and Drosphila, reflect the full update of over 300 topics. Articles contributed by over 260 high profile and internationally recognized entomologists provide definitive facts regarding all insects from ants, beetles, and butterflies to yellow jackets, zoraptera, and zygentoma. * 66% NEW and revised content by over 200 international experts * New chapters on Bedbugs, Ekbom Syndrome, Human History, Genomics, Vinegaroons * Expanded sections on insect-human interactions, genomics, biotechnology, and ecology * Each of the 273 articles updated to reflect the advances which have taken place in entomology research since the previous edition * Features 1,000 full-color photographs, figures and tables * A full glossary, 1,700 cross-references, 3,000 bibliographic entries, and online access save research time * Updated with online access

Ecology of Arable Land — Perspectives and Challenges

M. Clarholm,L. Bergström
Ecology of Arable Land Perspectives and Challenges Book PDF

Author : M. Clarholm,L. Bergström
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400910218

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Ecology of Arable Land — Perspectives and Challenges by M. Clarholm,L. Bergström Pdf

Agriculture in the industrial world has gone A common interest of the contributors is increas through dramatic changes over the past decades. ing the understanding of the turnover of carbon Mechanization in combination with high inputs of and inorganic nutrients in terestrial ecosystems. fertilizers and pesticides has turned deficits of agri The authors approach this topic from different cultural products into surplus. Over the same directions depending on their interests and ex period we have experienced increased environment pertise. Difficulties are identified in the quantifica al problems in both the atmosphere and our water tion of below-ground production where death and resources, which have been associated with the re-growth, if incorporated into the calculations, changes in management practices. can change production figures considerably as Concern about the potential pollution by compared to values derived from "peak" estimates. nitrogen fertilizers as well as the low utilization The role of root-derived carbon is investigated in efficiency of applied nitrogen by plants has created relation to nutrient competition between roots and a need for a better understanding of nitrogen microorganisms, the cost of N2 fixation and the cycling in the plant-soil-water system. To achieve decomposition of organic nitrogen. Mycorrhizae this, it is neccessary to study process interactions use root-derived carbon and their roles in phos and process regulation in an ecosystem context. phorus conservation and in supplying nutrients to During the last decade many ecosystem studies the host are exemplified.

Grassland-Invertebrate Interactions: Plant Productivity; Resilience and Community Dynamics

Anonim
Grassland Invertebrate Interactions Plant Productivity Resilience and Community Dynamics Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1368430637

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Grassland-Invertebrate Interactions: Plant Productivity; Resilience and Community Dynamics by Anonim Pdf

Natural and anthropogenic grasslands such as prairies, meadows, rangelands, and pastures cover more than 40% of the planet's surface and provide a wealth of ecological services. Grasslands alone store one third of the global carbon stocks and grass roots, through their specific architectures, ensure water cycling and prevent the erosion of fertile topsoil. In addition, grasslands are of vital importance for human food production as vast areas of rangelands and pastures provide feed for livestock. Pastoral legumes mobilize atmospheric nitrogen and improve fertility of arable soils. Not least, grasslands are an essential genetic resource. The three major crop species that feed half of the global population have been bred from wild grasses. Ancestors of our contemporary turf cultivars, common components of urban landscapes and recreation spaces, originated from wild grasslands. Although natural and managed grasslands represent pivotal ecosystems, many aspects of how they function are poorly understood. To date, most attention has focused on grassland primary producers (i.e. forage plants) and mammalian grazers but invertebrates are likely to play an equally, if not more important role in grassland ecosystem functioning. In Australian pastures, for example, the biomass of root-feeding scarab beetles can often exceed that of sheep and plant damage caused by invertebrates is sometimes equivalent to an average dairy cow's grass consumption. Indeed, grasslands are one of the most densely populated ecosystems with invertebrates being probably the most important engineers that shape both plant communities and the grassland as a whole. In a rapidly changing world with increasing anthropogenic pressure on grasslands, this Research Topic focuses on: 1. How grassland habitats shape invertebrate biodiversity 2. Impacts of climate change on grassland-invertebrate interactions 3. Plant and invertebrate pest monitoring and management 4. Plant-mediated multitrophic interactions and biological control in grasslands 5. Land use and grassland invertebrates 6. Plant resistance to invertebrate pests Given the increasing demand for food and land for human habitation, unprecedented threats to grasslands are anticipated. Resilient to some extent, these key ecosystems need to be better comprehended to guarantee their sustainable management and ecosystem services.

Invertebrate Conservation and Agricultural Ecosystems

T. R. New
Invertebrate Conservation and Agricultural Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : T. R. New
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2005-03-31
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521825030

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Invertebrate Conservation and Agricultural Ecosystems by T. R. New Pdf

Invertebrate Conservation and Agricultural Ecosystems explores the diverse interests of invertebrate conservation and agricultural production. It is both an introduction to invertebrate conservation biology for agriculturists and an introduction to crop protection for conservation biologists, demonstrating how these two disparate fields may draw on each other for greater collective benefit. It draws on recent literature to show how invertebrate conservation in highly altered landscapes may be promoted and enhanced. The book deals with problems of, and approaches to, invertebrate conservation in highly managed agricultural ecosystems, and how biodiversity may be promoted without compromising agricultural production. It draws attention to the importance of invertebrates in agricultural systems and their role in ecosystem functions.

Herbivory

Anonim
Herbivory Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Herbivory by Anonim Pdf

Insects and Ecosystem Function

W.W. Weisser,Evan Siemann
Insects and Ecosystem Function Book PDF

Author : W.W. Weisser,Evan Siemann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540740049

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Insects and Ecosystem Function by W.W. Weisser,Evan Siemann Pdf

Insects are a dominant component of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in mediating the relationship between plants and ecosystem processes. This volume examines their effects on ecosystem functioning, focusing mainly, but not exclusively, on herbivorous insects. Renowned authors with extensive experience in the field of plant-insect interactions, contribute to the volume using examples from their own work.

The Conservation of Insects and Their Habitats

N.M. Collins
The Conservation of Insects and Their Habitats Book PDF

Author : N.M. Collins
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323149303

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The Conservation of Insects and Their Habitats by N.M. Collins Pdf

The Conservation of Insects and their Habitats is a compilation of papers presented in the 15th Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London held at the Department of Physics Lecture Theatre Imperial College, London, on September 14-15, 1989. The papers cover topics on the diversity of entomological habitats and ecologicalroles around the world, and highlight the value of insects to humanity. Some practical proposals for conservation, especially in tropical forests and on islands, where their diversity is greatest, are also given. This book will add to the continuing force for the conservation and protection of biological diversity of the Earth.