Halogen Free Flame Retardant Polymers

Author : Suprakas Sinha Ray,Malkappa Kuruma
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030354916

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Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Polymers by Suprakas Sinha Ray,Malkappa Kuruma Pdf

This book presents an overview of recent academic and industrial research efforts concerning halogen-free flame-retardant (FR) polymers and their nanocomposites. It summarizes the synthesis methods for various types of halogen-free FR polymers and their nanocomposites, and critically reviews their flame-retardant behavior, toxic-gas evolution during combustion, and inhibition methods. In turn, the book discusses the importance of metal oxide nanoparticles, nanoclay, and graphene in flame inhibition and addresses the FR properties of various FR compounds containing polymers, their FR mechanisms, and fire toxicant releasing and inhibition methods in detail. It systematically covers the synergetic effects between different FR compounds, and explains the significance of thermal stability and melt dripping for polymers’ FR properties. The fundamental concepts described here are essential to understanding the FR behaviors of various polymers and their nanocomposites, and to developing efficient, environmentally friendly FR polymers and nanocomposites for a wide range of applications. This book is ideally suited for researchers in the fields of polymer science and engineering, and for graduate students in chemistry and materials science.

Author : Constantine D. Papaspyrides,Pantelis Kiliaris
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 943 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780444538093

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Polymer Green Flame Retardants by Constantine D. Papaspyrides,Pantelis Kiliaris Pdf

Polymer Green Flame Retardants covers key issues regarding the response of polymers during fire, the mechanisms of their flame retardation, the regulations imposed on their use, and the health hazards arising from their combustion. Presenting the latest research developments, the book focuses in particular on nanocomposites, believed to be the most promising approach for producing physically superior materials with low flammability and ecological impact. The fire properties of nanocomposites of various matrixes and fillers are discussed, the toxicological characteristics of these materials are analyzed, addressing also their environmental sustainability. Edited by distinguished scientists, including an array of international industry and academia experts, this book will appeal to chemical, mechanical, environmental, material and process engineers, upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines, and generally to researchers developing commercially attractive and environmentally friendly fire-proof products. Provides recent findings on the manufacture of environmentally sustainable flame retardant polymeric materials Covers legislation and regulations concerning flame retarded polymeric material use Includes tables containing the fire properties of the most common polymeric materials

Author : Alexander B. Morgan,Charles A. Wilkie
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118939208

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The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook by Alexander B. Morgan,Charles A. Wilkie Pdf

A one-stop, practical handbook containing all of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardant technologies as well as experimental systems near commercialization In response to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardants with alternate technologies, this handbook focuses on existing non-halogenated flame retardants and the experimental close-to-production systems that are available today. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook starts with an overview of the regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenated flame retardant selections over older halogenated technologies. It then moves on to cover the known major classes of non-halogenated flame retardants, before concluding with the current niche-performing technologies and untried commercial contenders of the future. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook: Takes a practical approach to addressing the narrow subject of non-halogenated flame retardancy—placing more emphasis on flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practical considerations in flame retardant material design, and the various technologies’ strengths and limits Focuses on the proper use of non-halogenated flame retardants, rather than the mechanics of how they work Discusses important future trends in flame retardancy Features sections written by industrial and chemical experts who know how to apply the technology to polymers for fire safety needs

Author : Menachem Lewin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781468469738

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Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials by Menachem Lewin Pdf

Flammability has been recognized as an increasingly important social and scientific problem. Fire statistics in the United States (Report of the National Commission on Fire Prevention and Control, "America Burning," 1973) emphasized the vast devastation to life and property--12,OOO lives lost annually due to fire, and these deaths are usually caused by inhaling smoke or toxic gases; 300,000 fire injuries; 11.4 billion dollars in fire cost at which 2.7 billion dollars is related to property loss; a billion dollars to burn injury treatment; and 3.3 billion dollars in productivity loss. It is obvious that much human and economic misery can be attributed to fire situations. In relation to this, polymer flammability has been recognized as an in creasingly important social and scientific problem. The development of flame-retardant polymeric materials is a current example where the initia tive for major scientific and technological developments is motivated by sociological pressure and legislation. This is part of the important trend toward a safer environment and sets a pattern for future example. Flame retardancy deals with our basic everyday life situations-housing, work areas, transportation, clothing and so forth-the "macroenvironment" capsule within which "homosapiens" live. As a result, flame-retardant polymers are now emerging as a specific class of materials leading to new and diversified scientific and technological ventures.

Author : Gennady Zaikov,Lomakin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781466562110

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Ecological Aspects of Polymer Flame Retardancy by Gennady Zaikov,Lomakin Pdf

This book deals with the ecological aspects of polymer flame retardation. It deals with methods for estimating polymer flammability, the mode of action of modern flame retardants, and ecological concerns of the most used halogenated flame retardants.

Author : S.M. Lomakin,G.E. Zaikov
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466562578

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Modern Polymer Flame Retardancy by S.M. Lomakin,G.E. Zaikov Pdf

There are obvious benefits in using flame-retardants, as many human lives and property are saved from fire. A large number of compounds have been identified as being used as flame-retardants. At present, knowledge of long-term effects resulting from exposure to flame retardants and their breakdown products is limited. The aim of this volume in the book series New Concepts in Polymer Science is to provide a general overview of the nature, mechanism of action, use and environmental hazards for a number of flame-retardants. This monograph (together with the book by the same authors, Ecological Aspects of Polymer Flame Retardancy (1999) will valuable to anyone interested in the field of flame-retardant chemicals.

Author : P. M. Visakh,Yoshihiko Arao
Publisher : Springer
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319034676

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Flame Retardants by P. M. Visakh,Yoshihiko Arao Pdf

This book summarizes comprehensively many recent technical research accomplishments in the area of flame retardant research. It presents mainly flame retardant studies of polymer blends, composites and nano composites such as rubber, thermosets and thermoplastics. This book discusses different types of flame retardant using in polymers especially nano composites, as well as the role and chemistry. Leading researchers from industry, academy, government and private research institutions across the globe contribute to this book. Academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and students in research and development will benefit from an application-oriented book that helps them to find solutions to both fundamental and applied problems.

Author : Arthur F. Grand,Charles A. Wilkie
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2000-04-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1420027093

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Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials by Arthur F. Grand,Charles A. Wilkie Pdf

This volume addresses the state of the art in fire retardancy studies and the need for fire retardant chemicals and fire-retarded polymers, while considering the interrelationship among polymer degradation, fire retardant efficacy, fire testing and environmental concerns. The work examines the principles of polymer science with respect to fire retardancy.

Author : A. Richard Horrocks,D. Price
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2008-09-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845695071

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Advances in Fire Retardant Materials by A. Richard Horrocks,D. Price Pdf

This important book provides a comprehensive account of the advances that have occurred in fire science in relation to a broad range of materials. The manufacture of fire retardant materials is an active area of research, the understanding of which can improve safety as well as the marketability of a product. The first part of the book reviews the advances that have occurred in improving the fire retardancy of specific materials, ranging from developments in phosphorus and halogen-free flame retardants to the use of nanocomposites as novel flame retardant systems. Key environmental issues are also addressed. The second group of chapters examines fire testing issues and regulations. A final group of chapters addresses the application of fire retardant materials in such areas as composites, automotive materials, military fabrics and aviation materials. With its distinguished editors and array of international contributors, this book is an essential reference for producers, manufacturers, retailers and all those wishing to improve fire retardancy in materials. It is also suitable for researchers in industry or academia. Reviews advances in improving the retardancy of materials Addresses key environmental issues Examines fire testing issues and regulations and the challenges involved

Author : T. Richard Hull,Baljinder K. Kandola
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780854041497

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Fire Retardancy of Polymers by T. Richard Hull,Baljinder K. Kandola Pdf

Globally, fire retardants are needed to satisfy a multibillion dollar market and fire retardancy of polymetric materials is an important component of fire safety. This book covers the latest developments in new fire retardancy systems for engineers needing to use fire safe materials in their projects.

Author : De-Yi Wang
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2016-08-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780081001639

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Novel Fire Retardant Polymers and Composite Materials by De-Yi Wang Pdf

Novel Fire Retardant Polymers and Composite Materials reviews the latest scientific developments and technological advances in the design and manufacture of fire retardant polymers and composite materials. Fire retardant polymeric materials are used in a broad range of applications in fields such as aviation, automotive, computer, construction, electronics, and telecommunications. It is essential to have a better understanding of the scientific technology used in the design and manufacture of fire-resistant materials and their end products. This book includes the latest developments in fire retardant technologies for different polymeric material systems, such as PU, PP, PE, PLA, epoxy, rubber, textile, phenol resin, and PA, etc. Provides cutting-edge research in flame retardant materials, relevant to both scientific and industrial applications Presents the latest and most up-to-date fire retardant technologies Discusses the most popular fire retardant polymer systems Includes the latest developments in fire retardant technologies for different polymeric material systems, such as PU, PP, PE, PLA, epoxy, rubber, textile, phenol resin, and PA

Author : Michel Le Bras,Serge Bourbigot,Sophie Duquesne,Charafedine Jama,Charles Wilkie
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2007-10-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781847552396

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Fire Retardancy of Polymers by Michel Le Bras,Serge Bourbigot,Sophie Duquesne,Charafedine Jama,Charles Wilkie Pdf

The use of polymers is restricted by their flammability - they may indeed initiate or propagate fire. Fire Retardancy of Polymers focuses on mineral additives from either micro- or nano-composites for application in fire retardants. With the use of fire retardant additives containing halogen or phosphorus compounds in decline, the need for other systems is evident. The major materials that are used are alumina trihydrate or magnesium hydroxide which account for more than 50% by weight of the world-wide sales of fire retardants. Recent works have shown that such halogen-free compounds may give enhanced fire retardancy to polymeric materials when used in low levels, alone, or in synergistic mixtures. The corresponding fire performance depends on the dispersion of the mineral filler, with micrometer-scale dispersion leading to the best performances. Specialists discuss these new applications of mineral fillers with particular emphasis on action mechanisms, new materials including textiles, toxicology and hazards. With extensive references, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date view of these applications. This book will appeal to professionals, materials scientists and engineers looking for novel ways to eliminate fire hazards and improve flame retardancy of materials, with a special interest in sustainable development.

Author : Yanfei Xu
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781839687143

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Flame Retardant and Thermally Insulating Polymers by Yanfei Xu Pdf

Polymers have infiltrated almost every aspect of modern technology, as they have wide applications ranging from building insulation and firefighter uniforms to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner aircraft and electronics packaging. However, common polymers are flammable. Inflammability and thermal insulation properties in polymers are important for specific applications. This book discusses recent advances in developing eco-friendly, flame-retardant, and thermally insulative polymer-based materials. It not only focuses on developments of high-performance flame retardants, but also examines flame retardant behaviors in polymers. Eco-friendly polymers with superior flame retardancy, extraordinary thermal insulation, and excellent mechanical strength will provide new opportunities for existing and future applications.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1734020644

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Bio-Based Halogen-free Flame Retardant Polymeric Materials by Anonim Pdf

Author : Li Jianjun,Ou Yuxiang
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783110386486

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Theory of Flame Retardation of Polymeric Materials by Li Jianjun,Ou Yuxiang Pdf

Flame retardant materials are of vital importance in guaranteeing personal security. Especially the demand for non-toxic, low smoking, polymerized flame retardants increases and new materials enter the market. The authors present the fundamental theory of polymer combustion, compare different flame retardants, describe smoke suppression mechanisms, and explain analyzing techniques for new materials.