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Author : Marcel Bilger,Zurab Sajaia,Michael Lokshin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:741453533
Health equity; Financial protection; Health inequality; Computer software; Household survey data; Quantitative analysis.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821387962
Two key policy goals in the health sector are equity and financial protection. New methods, data and powerful computers have led to a surge of interest in quantitative analysis that permits monitoring progress toward these objectives, and comparisons across countries. ADePT is a new computer program that streamlines and automates such work, ensuring that results are genuinely comparable and allowing them to be produced with a minimum of programming skills. This book provides a step-by-step guide to the use of ADePT for quantitative analysis of equity and financial protection in the health sect
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : Adam Wagstaff
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1109648867
This paper outlines changes that have been made in the 2019 version of the Health Equity and Financial Protection Indicators database. On the financial protection side, the changes include an increase in the number of indicators from five to 14; revisions to several previous data points, reflecting the analysis of new surveys (or adaptations thereof); and refinements to the estimation of out-of-pocket expenditures. On the health equity side, the 2019 database includes 198 more data points than the 9,733 in the 2018 database, reflecting the addition of 535 new datapoints, and the dropping of 337 previously included data points now considered to be substandard.
Author : Adam Wagstaff,Owen O'Donnell,Eddy van Doorslaer,Magnus Lindelow
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0821369342
Have gaps in health outcomes between the poor and better off grown? Are they larger in one country than another? Are health sector subsidies more equally distributed in some countries than others? Are health care payments more progressive in one health care financing system than another? What are catastrophic payments and how can they be measured? How far do health care payments impoverish households? Answering questions such as these requires quantitative analysis. This in turn depends on a clear understanding of how to measure key variables in the analysis, such as health outcomes, health expenditures, need, and living standards. It also requires set quantitative methods for measuring inequality and inequity, progressivity, catastrophic expenditures, poverty impact, and so on. This book provides an overview of the key issues that arise in the measurement of health variables and living standards, outlines and explains essential tools and methods for distributional analysis, and, using worked examples, shows how these tools and methods can be applied in the health sector. The book seeks to provide the reader with both a solid grasp of the principles underpinning distributional analysis, while at the same time offering hands-on guidance on how to move from principles to practice.
Author : Adam Wagstaff
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1078481639
The 2018 database on Health Equity and Financial Protection indicators provides data on equity in the delivery of health service interventions and health outcomes, and on financial protection in health. This paper provides a brief history of the database, gives an overview of the contents of the 2018 version of the database, and then gets into the details of the construction of its two sides--the health equity side and the financial protection side. The paper also provides illustrative uses of the database, including the extent of and trends in inequity in maternal and child health intervention coverage, the extent of inequities in women's cancer screening and inpatient care utilization, and trends and inequalities in the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures.
Author : Richard Cookson,Susan Griffin,Anthony J. Culyer,Ole F. Norheim
Publisher : Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Medical care
ISBN : 9780198838197
Health inequalities blight lives, generate enormous costs, and exist everywhere. This book is the definitive all-in-one guide for anyone who wishes to learn about, commission, and use distributional cost-effectiveness analysis to promote both equity and efficiency in health and healthcare.
Author : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020-2030
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0309685060
The decade ahead will test the nation's nearly 4 million nurses in new and complex ways. Nurses live and work at the intersection of health, education, and communities. Nurses work in a wide array of settings and practice at a range of professional levels. They are often the first and most frequent line of contact with people of all backgrounds and experiences seeking care and they represent the largest of the health care professions. A nation cannot fully thrive until everyone - no matter who they are, where they live, or how much money they make - can live their healthiest possible life, and helping people live their healthiest life is and has always been the essential role of nurses. Nurses have a critical role to play in achieving the goal of health equity, but they need robust education, supportive work environments, and autonomy. Accordingly, at the request of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, on behalf of the National Academy of Medicine, an ad hoc committee under the auspices of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conducted a study aimed at envisioning and charting a path forward for the nursing profession to help reduce inequities in people's ability to achieve their full health potential. The ultimate goal is the achievement of health equity in the United States built on strengthened nursing capacity and expertise. By leveraging these attributes, nursing will help to create and contribute comprehensively to equitable public health and health care systems that are designed to work for everyone. The Future of Nursing 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity explores how nurses can work to reduce health disparities and promote equity, while keeping costs at bay, utilizing technology, and maintaining patient and family-focused care into 2030. This work builds on the foundation set out by The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (2011) report.
Author : Songül Çınaroğlu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2020-10-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000214475
Ensuring equity in healthcare is the main concern of health policymakers in order to provide a sustainable health system. This concern is more prominent in developing countries due to the scarcity of resources. This book provides a comprehensive analysis and discussion on the distributive pattern of out-of-pocket pharmaceutical expenditures under the health reforms in Turkey and makes comparisons with pharmerging countries. Turkey’s health reforms began in 2003 to address shortcomings related to financial protection and to improve health outcomes and the quality of healthcare services. The primary motivation was to ensure equity in the distribution of health resources, and this transformation process led to profound changes in how these resources were used, and in health financing in general. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the long-term effect of health reforms on the distribution patterns of health expenditures and health service use. This book offers a thorough equity analysis of the health financing system, affected by this health transformation program. Index and curve approaches are used in the equity analysis of pharmaceutical expenditures. The book examines the long-term effects of health system regulations on the health spending characteristics of households and improves the current understanding of equity in this context. It includes extensive international comparisons of healthcare services across a range of developing countries and highlights the significance of ensuring equity for emerging economies. The author explores the existing evidence as well as future research directions and provides policy and planning advice for health policymakers to contribute to establishing a more equal health system design. Additionally, the book will be of interest to scholars and professionals in the fields of health economics, public health management and health financing.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2022-04-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9789240045149
Author : Cristián Baeza,Truman Packard
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0804756759
Beyond Survival: Protecting Households from Health Shocks in Latin America breaks new ground in the ongoing debate about health finance and financial protection from the costs of health care. The evidence and discussion support the need to consider financial protection, in addition to health status, as a policy objective when setting priorities for health systems. This book reviews the Latin American experience with health reform in the last 20 years and the fundamentals of health system financing, using new evidence to show the magnitude and mechanisms that determine the impoverishing effects of health events (diseases, accidents, and those of the life cycle). It provides options for policy makers on how to protect, and help households to protect themselves, against this impoverishment. The authors use empirical evidence from six case studies commissioned for this report, on Argentina, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Honduras, and Mexico. This book provides policy makers with a solid conceptual basis for decisions on the contents of mandatory health insurance benefit packages, choices of financing mechanisms, and the roles of public policy in this field. Beyond Survival provides an in-depth analysis of, and organizational alternatives for, risk pooling and health insurance for financial protection. It analyzes the urgent need to extend risk pooling to the informal sector, the challenges for current social insurance arrangements, and options for policy makers to effectively extend risk pooling to the informal sector.
Author : WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health,World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241563703
Social justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others.
Author : World Bank Publications
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2015-11-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1464806322
Improving health outcomes and protecting households against the financial consequences of ill health are top priorities to reduce poverty and sustain growth. However, poor individuals often forgo care when it is needed because they cannot afford to pay user fees. They also report worse health outcomes, which can keep them trapped in poverty. How health care is financed thus influences who has to pay how much for care (financial risk protection), how much of the health funds are spent on different forms of health care, how equitably health revenues are collected from public and private sources and distributed (equity in finance), and how effectively health care costs are managed (efficiency). The World Bank has implemented health financing activities in 68 countries during FY03-12. Health financing interventions are found in about 40 percent of the Bank's Health, Nutrition, and Population portfolio. Most projects include interventions on revenue collection from public sources. Almost half of the projects support public health insurance and automatic coverage. More recently, results-based financing operations became more prominent. The International Finance Corporation delivered a small program in health financing. This is the first evaluation by the Independent Evaluation Group of the World Bank Group's support to countries trying to address health financing issues. The evaluation recognizes that reforms in health financing alone are insufficient and that additional investments are needed to ensure the supply of health care. But health financing decisions are necessary to influence the provision and use of health care and ensure financial protection. Four evaluation questions are addressed: * What is the evidence that Bank Group support to revenue collection for health leads to improved equity in health financing and service use, financial protection, and efficiency? * What is the evidence that Bank and IFC support to pooling health funds and risks leads to improved equity in health financing and service use, financial protection, and efficiency?* What is the evidence that Bank Group support to purchasing leads to improved equity in health financing and service use, financial protection, and efficiency? * What are the factors in successful Bank Group support to health financing reforms?
Author : Dominique Van de Walle
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Administracion publica
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Equality
ISBN : OCLC:812916555