Health Risks Of Radon And Other Internally Deposited Alpha Emitters

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Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 623 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309037891

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Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations Pdf

This book describes hazards from radon progeny and other alpha-emitters that humans may inhale or ingest from their environment. In their analysis, the authors summarize in one document clinical and epidemiological evidence, the results of animal studies, research on alpha-particle damage at the cellular level, metabolic pathways for internal alpha-emitters, dosimetry and microdosimetry of radionuclides deposited in specific tissues, and the chemical toxicity of some low-specific-activity alpha-emitters. Techniques for estimating the risks to humans posed by radon and other internally deposited alpha-emitters are offered, along with a discussion of formulas, models, methods, and the level of uncertainty inherent in the risk estimates.

Ionizing Radiation, Part 2

Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Accidents, Radiation
ISBN : UOM:39015054439289

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Ionizing Radiation, Part 2 by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization Pdf

Evaluates the evidence for carcinogenicity of ionizing radiation from internally deposited radionuclides. The radionuclides considered belong to two broad categories, those that emit a-particles (helium nuclei) and those that emit b-particles (electrons).

Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) 2016 Report

Author : United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210600026

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Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) 2016 Report by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) Pdf

This report assesses the levels and effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. Scientific findings underpin radiation risk evaluation and international protection standards. This report comprises a report with two underpinning scientific annexes. The first annex recapitulates and clarifies the philosophy of science as well as the scientific knowledge for attributing observed health effects in individuals and populations to radiation exposure, and distinguishes between that and inferring risk to individuals and populations from an exposure. The second annex reviews the latest thinking and approaches to quantifying the uncertainties in assessments of risk from radiation exposure, and illustrates these approaches with application to examples that are highly pertinent to radiation protection.

Environmental Pollutant Exposures and Public Health

Author : R M Harrison
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781839160448

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Environmental Pollutant Exposures and Public Health by R M Harrison Pdf

Both genes and environment have profound effects upon our health. While some environmental factors such as polluted air are high in the public consciousness, there are many other pathways for people’s exposure to toxic chemicals, such as through food, water and contaminated land. It is not only chemicals that can affect health; environmental radioactivity, pathogenic organisms and our changing climate also have implications for public health, and all contribute to the global burden of disease, leading to both disability and deaths of millions of people annually across the world. An understanding of the pathways of environmental exposure, and its effects upon health is key to developing regulations and behaviours that reduce or prevent exposure, and the consequent impacts upon health. Covering topics from dietary exposure to chemicals through to the health effects of climate change, this book brings together contributors from around the world to highlight the latest science on the impacts of environmental pollutant exposure upon public health.

WHO Handbook on Indoor Radon

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 111 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241547673

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WHO Handbook on Indoor Radon by World Health Organization Pdf

This handbook focuses on residential radon exposure from a public health point of view and provides detailed recommendations on reducing health risks from radon and sound policy options for preventing and mitigating radon exposure. The material in the handbook reflects the epidemiological evidence that indoor radon exposure is responsible for a substantial number of lung cancers in the general population. Information is provided on the selection of devices to measure radon levels and on procedures for the reliable measurement of these levels. Discussed also are control options for radon in new dwellings, radon reduction in existing dwellings as well as assessment of the costs and benefits of different radon prevention and remedial actions. Also covered are radon risk communication strategies and organization of national radon programs.--Publisher's description.

Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee to Assess the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309096102

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Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee to Assess the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program Pdf

The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) was set up by Congress in 1990 to compensate people who have been diagnosed with specified cancers and chronic diseases that could have resulted from exposure to nuclear-weapons tests at various U.S. test sites. Eligible claimants include civilian onsite participants, downwinders who lived in areas currently designated by RECA, and uranium workers and ore transporters who meet specified residence or exposure criteria. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), which oversees the screening, education, and referral services program for RECA populations, asked the National Academies to review its program and assess whether new scientific information could be used to improve its program and determine if additional populations or geographic areas should be covered under RECA. The report recommends Congress should establish a new science-based process using a method called "probability of causation/assigned share" (PC/AS) to determine eligibility for compensation. Because fallout may have been higher for people outside RECA-designated areas, the new PC/AS process should apply to all residents of the continental US, Alaska, Hawaii, and overseas US territories who have been diagnosed with specific RECA-compensable diseases and who may have been exposed, even in utero, to radiation from U.S. nuclear-weapons testing fallout. However, because the risks of radiation-induced disease are generally low at the exposure levels of concern in RECA populations, in most cases it is unlikely that exposure to radioactive fallout was a substantial contributing cause of cancer.

Uranium Mining in Virginia

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Earth Resources,Committee on Uranium Mining in Virginia
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309220873

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Uranium Mining in Virginia by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Earth Resources,Committee on Uranium Mining in Virginia Pdf

Uranium mining in the Commonwealth of Virginia has been prohibited since 1982 by a state moratorium, although approval for restricted uranium exploration in the state was granted in 2007. Uranium Mining in Virginia examines the scientific, technical, environmental, human health and safety, and regulatory aspects of uranium mining, milling, and processing as they relate to the Commonwealth of Virginia for the purpose of assisting the Commonwealth to determine whether uranium mining, milling, and processing can be undertaken in a manner that safeguards the environment, natural and historic resources, agricultural lands, and the health and well-being of its citizens. According to this report, if Virginia lifts its moratorium, there are "steep hurdles to be surmounted" before mining and processing could take place within a regulatory setting that appropriately protects workers, the public, and the environment, especially given that the state has no experience regulating mining and processing of the radioactive element. The authoring committee was not asked to recommend whether uranium mining should be permitted, or to consider the potential benefits to the state were uranium mining to be pursued. It also was not asked to compare the relative risks of uranium mining to the mining of other fuels such as coal. This book will be of interest to decision makers at the state and local level, the energy industry, and concerned citizens.

Health Effects of Exposure to Radon

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee on Health Risks of Exposure to Radon (BEIR VI)
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1999-03-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309056458

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Health Effects of Exposure to Radon by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee on Health Risks of Exposure to Radon (BEIR VI) Pdf

Radon progenyâ€"the decay products of radon gasâ€"are a well-recognized cause of lung cancer in miners working underground. When radon was found to be a ubiquitous indoor air pollutant, however, it raised a more widespread alarm for public health. To develop appropriate public policy for indoor radon, decisionmakers need a characterization of the risk of radon exposure across the range of exposures people actually receive. In response, the BEIR VI committee has developed a mathematical model for the lung cancer risk associated with radon, incorporating the latest information from epidemiology and scientific studies. In this book the committee provides a fresh assessment of exposure-dose relationships. The volume discusses key issuesâ€"such as the weight of biological evidence and extrapolation from radon-exposed miners to the larger populationâ€"in estimating the risk posed by indoor radon. It also addresses such uncertainties as the combined effects of smoking and radon and the impact of the rate of exposure. The committee considered the entire body of evidence on radon and lung cancer, integrating findings from epidemiological studies with evidence from animal experiments and other lines of laboratory investigation. The conclusions will be important to policymakers and environmental advocates, while the technical findings will be of interest to environmental scientists and engineers.

Comparative Dosimetry of Radon in Mines and Homes

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Panel on Dosimetric Assumptions Affecting the Application of Radon Risk Estimates
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1991-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309044844

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Comparative Dosimetry of Radon in Mines and Homes by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Panel on Dosimetric Assumptions Affecting the Application of Radon Risk Estimates Pdf

Studies of underground miners have provided a wealth of data about the risk of lung cancer from exposure to radon's progeny elements, but the application of the miner data to the home environment is not straightforward. In Comparative Dosimetry of Radon in Mines and Homes, an expert committee uses a new dosimetric model to extrapolate to the home environment the risk relationships found in the miner studies. Important new scaling factors are developed for applying risk estimates based on miner data to men, women, and children in domestic environments. The book includes discussions of radon dosimetry and the uncertainties concerning other risk factors such as age and smoking habits. The book also contains a thorough technical discussion of the characteristics of radioactive aerosols in domestic environments, the dose of inhaled radon progeny to different age groups, identification of respiratory tract cells at the greatest risk of carcinogenesis, and a complete description of the new lung dose model being developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection as modified by this committee.

Environmental Toxicants

Author : Morton Lippmann
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1189 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2009-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470442883

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Environmental Toxicants by Morton Lippmann Pdf

Provides the most current information and research available for performing risk assessments on exposed individuals and populations, giving guidance to public health authorities, primary care physicians, and industrial managers Reviews current knowledge on human exposure to selected chemical agents and physical factors in the ambient environment Updates and revises the previous edition, in light of current scientific literature and its significance to public health concerns Includes new chapters on: airline cabin exposures, arsenic, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles

Radiation and Health

Author : Thormod Henriksen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2002-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203166352

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Radiation and Health by Thormod Henriksen Pdf

Radiation and the effects of radioactivity have been known for more than 100 years. International research spanning this period has yielded a great deal of information about radiation and its biological effects and this activity has resulted in the discovery of many applications in medicine and industry including cancer therapy, medical diagnostics

Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Author : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2006-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133340

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Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council Pdf

This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : House & Home
ISBN : UCBK:C105261333

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WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality by Anonim Pdf

This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.

Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-emitters

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309037891

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Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-emitters by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations Pdf

This book describes hazards from radon progeny and other alpha-emitters that humans may inhale or ingest from their environment. In their analysis, the authors summarize in one document clinical and epidemiological evidence, the results of animal studies, research on alpha-particle damage at the cellular level, metabolic pathways for internal alpha-emitters, dosimetry and microdosimetry of radionuclides deposited in specific tissues, and the chemical toxicity of some low-specific-activity alpha-emitters. Techniques for estimating the risks to humans posed by radon and other internally deposited alpha-emitters are offered, along with a discussion of formulas, models, methods, and the level of uncertainty inherent in the risk estimates.

Risk Assessment of Radon in Drinking Water

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee on Risk Assessment of Exposure to Radon in Drinking Water
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1999-06-24
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309173674

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Risk Assessment of Radon in Drinking Water by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee on Risk Assessment of Exposure to Radon in Drinking Water Pdf

The Safe Drinking Water Act directs the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to regulate the quality of drinking water, including its concentration of radon, an acknowledged carcinogen. This book presents a valuable synthesis of information about the total inhalation and ingestion risks posed by radon in public drinking water, including comprehensive reviews of data on the transfer of radon from water to indoor air and on outdoor levels of radon in the United States. It also presents a new analysis of a biokinetic model developed to determine the risks posed by ingestion of radon and reviews inhalation risks and the carcinogenesis process. The volume includes scenarios for quantifying the reduction in health risk that might be achieved by a program to reduce public exposure to radon. Risk Assessment of Radon in Drinking Water, reflecting research and analysis mandated by 1996 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act, provides comment on a variety of methods to reduce radon entry into homes and to reduce the concentrations of radon in indoor air and in water. The models, analysis, and reviews of literature contained in this book are intended to provide information that EPA will need to set a new maximum contaminant level, as it is required to do in 2000.