Hierarchy And Value

Author : Jason Hickel,Naomi Haynes
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781785339981

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Hierarchy and Value by Jason Hickel,Naomi Haynes Pdf

Globalization promised to bring about a golden age of liberal individualism, breaking down hierarchies of kinship, caste, and gender around the world and freeing people to express their true, authentic agency. But in some places globalization has spurred the emergence of new forms of hierarchy—or the reemergence of old forms—as people try to reconstitute an imagined past of stable moral order. This is evident from the Islamic revival in the Middle East to visions of the 1950s family among conservatives in the United States. Why does this happen and how do we make sense of this phenomenon? Why do some communities see hierarchy as desireable? In this book, leading anthropologists draw on insightful ethnographic case studies from around the world to address these trends. Together, they develop a theory of hierarchy that treats it both as a relational form and a framework for organizing ideas about the social good.

Author : Knut Mikjel Rio,Olaf H. Smedal
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1845454936

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Hierarchy by Knut Mikjel Rio,Olaf H. Smedal Pdf

On the basis of diverse ethnographic contexts in Oceania, Asia, and the Middle East, the author's challenge current conceptions of hierarchical formations and reassess former debates, both with regard to new theoretical issues and the new world situation of post-colonial and neocolonial agendas.

Author : Michael Herzfeld
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Art
ISBN : 9780226329147

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The Body Impolitic by Michael Herzfeld Pdf

The Body Impolitic is a critical study of tradition, not merely as an ornament of local and national heritage, but also as a millstone around the necks of those who are condemned to produce it. Michael Herzfeld takes us inside a rich variety of small-town Cretan artisans' workshops to show how apprentices are systematically thwarted into learning by stealth and guile. This harsh training reinforces a stereotype of artisans as rude and uncultured. Moreover, the same stereotypes that marginalize artisans locally also operate to marginalize Cretans within the Greek nation and Greece itself within the international community. What Herzfeld identifies as "the global hierarchy of value" thus frames the nation's ancient monuments and traditional handicrafts as evidence of incurable "backwardness." Herzfeld's sensitive observations offer an intimately grounded way of understanding the effects of globalization and of one of its most visible offshoots, the heritage industry, on the lives of ordinary people in many parts of the world today.

Author : Barbara Spencer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UIUC:30112111645575

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Business Model Design and Learning by Barbara Spencer Pdf

Aimed at aspiring entrepreneurs and practicing managers who want to create, identify, or articulate business models that will serve as the foundation for success for their businesses, as well as refine and even re-invent those models.

Author : Thomas Hora
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0913105031

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A Hierarchy of Values by Thomas Hora Pdf

Author : Daniel A. Bell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-05-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780691233987

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Just Hierarchy by Daniel A. Bell Pdf

A trenchant defense of hierarchy in different spheres of our lives, from the personal to the political All complex and large-scale societies are organized along certain hierarchies, but the concept of hierarchy has become almost taboo in the modern world. Just Hierarchy contends that this stigma is a mistake. In fact, as Daniel Bell and Wang Pei show, it is neither possible nor advisable to do away with social hierarchies. Drawing their arguments from Chinese thought and culture as well as other philosophies and traditions, Bell and Wang ask which forms of hierarchy are justified and how these can serve morally desirable goals. They look at ways of promoting just forms of hierarchy while minimizing the influence of unjust ones, such as those based on race, sex, or caste. Which hierarchical relations are morally justified and why? Bell and Wang argue that it depends on the nature of the social relation and context. Different hierarchical principles ought to govern different kinds of social relations: what justifies hierarchy among intimates is different from what justifies hierarchy among citizens, countries, humans and animals, and humans and intelligent machines. Morally justified hierarchies can and should govern different spheres of our social lives, though these will be very different from the unjust hierarchies that have governed us in the past. A vigorous, systematic defense of hierarchy in the modern world, Just Hierarchy examines how hierarchical social relations can have a useful purpose, not only in personal domains but also in larger political realms.

Author : Ron Perrin,Perry Stanislas
Publisher : Springer
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1991-08-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781349213993

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Max Scheler’s Concept of the Person by Ron Perrin,Perry Stanislas Pdf

Author : Rolf Kötter,Marcus Kaiser,Claus C. Hilgetag
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889190102

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Hierarchy and dynamics in neural networks by Rolf Kötter,Marcus Kaiser,Claus C. Hilgetag Pdf

Hierarchy is a central feature in the organisation of complex biological systems and particularly the structure and function of neural networks. While other aspects of brain connectivity such as regionalisation, modularity or motif composition have been discussed elsewhere, no detailed analysis has been presented so far on the role of hierarchy and its connection to brain dynamics. Recent discussions among many of our colleagues have shown an increasing interest in hierarchy (of spatial, temporal and dynamic features), and this is an emerging key question in neuroscience as well as generally in the field of network science, due to its links with concepts of control, efficiency and development across scales (e.g. Hilgetag et al. Science, 1996; Ravasz et al. Science, 2002; Bassett et al. PNAS, 2006; Mueller-Linow et al. PLoS Comp. Biol., in press). The proposed Research Topic will address recent findings from a theoretical as well as experimental perspective including contributions under the following four headings: 1) Topology: Detecting and characterizing network hierarchy; 2) Experiments: Neural dynamics across hierarchical scales; 3) Dynamics: Activity spread, oscillations, and synchronization in hierarchical networks; 4) Dynamics: Stable functioning and information processing in hierarchical networks.

Author : Somayeh Sardashti,Angelos Arelakis,Per Stenström,David A. Wood
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031017513

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A Primer on Compression in the Memory Hierarchy by Somayeh Sardashti,Angelos Arelakis,Per Stenström,David A. Wood Pdf

This synthesis lecture presents the current state-of-the-art in applying low-latency, lossless hardware compression algorithms to cache, memory, and the memory/cache link. There are many non-trivial challenges that must be addressed to make data compression work well in this context. First, since compressed data must be decompressed before it can be accessed, decompression latency ends up on the critical memory access path. This imposes a significant constraint on the choice of compression algorithms. Second, while conventional memory systems store fixed-size entities like data types, cache blocks, and memory pages, these entities will suddenly vary in size in a memory system that employs compression. Dealing with variable size entities in a memory system using compression has a significant impact on the way caches are organized and how to manage the resources in main memory. We systematically discuss solutions in the open literature to these problems. Chapter 2 provides the foundations of data compression by first introducing the fundamental concept of value locality. We then introduce a taxonomy of compression algorithms and show how previously proposed algorithms fit within that logical framework. Chapter 3 discusses the different ways that cache memory systems can employ compression, focusing on the trade-offs between latency, capacity, and complexity of alternative ways to compact compressed cache blocks. Chapter 4 discusses issues in applying data compression to main memory and Chapter 5 covers techniques for compressing data on the cache-to-memory links. This book should help a skilled memory system designer understand the fundamental challenges in applying compression to the memory hierarchy and introduce him/her to the state-of-the-art techniques in addressing them.

Author : Erika De Wet,Jure Vidmar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199647071

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Hierarchy in International Law by Erika De Wet,Jure Vidmar Pdf

The existence of a hierarchy between the different international legal rules is increasingly being debated. This volume will identify the extent to which judicial bodies and domestic courts contribute to an emerging normative hierarchy within international law, based on the primacy of human rights.

Author : David Alan Nibert
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0742517764

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Animal Rights/human Rights by David Alan Nibert Pdf

This accessible and cutting-edge work offers a new look at the history of western "civilization," one that brings into focus the interrelated suffering of oppressed humans and other animals. Nibert argues persuasively that throughout history the exploitation of other animals has gone hand in hand with the oppression of women, people of color, and other oppressed groups. He maintains that the oppression both of humans and of other species of animals is inextricably tangled within the structure of social arrangements. Nibert asserts that human use and mistreatment of other animals are not natural and do little to further the human condition. Nibert's analysis emphasizes the economic and elite-driven character of prejudice, discrimination, and institutionalized repression of humans and other animals. His examination of the economic entanglements of the oppression of human and other animals is supplemented with an analysis of ideological forces and the use of state power in this sociological expose of the grotesque uses of the oppressed, past and present. Nibert suggests that the liberation of devalued groups of humans is unlikely in a world that uses other animals as fodder for the continual growth and expansion of transnational corporations and, conversely, that animal liberation cannot take place when humans continue to be exploited and oppressed.

Author : Ward Keeler
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780824865979

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The Traffic in Hierarchy by Ward Keeler Pdf

Until its recent political thaw, Burma was closed to most foreign researchers, and fieldwork-based research was rare. In The Traffic in Hierarchy, one of the few such works to appear in recent years, author Ward Keeler combines close ethnographic attention to life in a Buddhist monastery with a broad analysis of Burman gender ideology. The result is a thought-provoking analysis of Burmese social relations both within and beyond a monastery’s walls. Keeler shows that the roles individuals choose in Burman society entail inevitable trade-offs in privileges and prestige. A man who becomes a monk gives up some social opportunities but takes on others and gains great respect. Alternatively, a man can become a head of household. Or he can choose to take on a feminine gender identity—to the derision of many but not necessarily his social exclusion. A woman, by contrast, is expected to concern herself with her relations with family and kin. Any interest she might show in becoming a nun arouses ambivalent reactions: although it fulfills Buddhist teachings, it contravenes assumptions about a woman’s proper role. In Burma, hierarchical understandings condition all relationships, but hierarchy implies relations of exchange, not simply inequality, and everyone takes on subordinate roles in their bonds with some, and superordinate ones with others. Knowing where power lies and how to relate to it appropriately is key. It may mean choosing at times to resist power, but more often it involves exercising care as to whom one wishes to subordinate oneself, in what ways, and on what terms. Melding reflections on the work of theorists such as Dumont, Anderson, Warner, and Kapferer with close attention to the details of Burman social interaction, Keeler balances theoretical insights and ethnographic observation to produce a rich and challenging read. The conundrum at the heart of this book—whether to opt for autonomy, the Buddhist seeking of detachment, or for attachment, the desire for close bonds with others—is one that all humans, not just Burmans, must confront, and it is one that admits of no final resolution.

Author : Thomas Diefenbach
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135013400

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Hierarchy and Organisation by Thomas Diefenbach Pdf

Most people take the conditions they work and live in as a given, believing it to be normal that societies are stratified and that organisations are hierarchical. Many even think that this is the way it should be - and are neither willing nor able to think that it could be otherwise. This book raises the awareness of hierarchy, its complexity and longevity. It focuses on a single but fundamental problem of social systems such as dyads, groups, organisations and whole societies: Why and how does hierarchical social order persist over time? In order to investigate the question, author Thomas Diefenbach develops a general theory of the persistence of hierarchical social order. This theory interrogates the problem of the persistence of hierarchical social order from very different angles, in multi-dimensional and interdisciplinary ways. Even more crucially, it traces the very causes of the phenomenon, the reasons and interests behind hierarchy as well as the various mechanisms which keep it going. This is the first time such a theory is attempted. With the help of the theory developed in this book, it is possible to interrogate systematically, comprehensively and in detail how mindsets and behaviours as well as societal and organisational structures enable the continuation of hierarchy

Author : Richard Newbold Adams
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780292762220

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Energy and Structure by Richard Newbold Adams Pdf

All social structures are essentially power structures dependent on energy. The concept of power and the role of energy in social organization are crucial and timely concerns, especially in light of the current apprehension about future energy resources. In Energy and Structure, Richard N. Adams argues that social power affects humanity's approach to ecological, economic, and political problems, directing people to seek solutions that are often deceptively shortsighted. Adams, an anthropologist, proposes that social power is directly derived from control over energy processes. He identifies how power and mentalistic structures constitute fundamental determinants that shape the lives of people at all stages of cultural development, forcing them to accept alternatives often far removed from their desires. His central thesis is that the amount of power in any system varies with the amount of control exercised over the environment and that increasing power and control lead to increasing centralization of decision-making, social marginalization, and environmental despoliation. Thus the more highly developed societies, by virtue of their greater controls, are responsible for the greater ultimate subordination and destruction of human potential, as humanity combines technological advances with a growing inability to exercise good judgment with respect to our own survival. Energy and Structure begins with an examination of the basic theory of social power—what it is and how it works. Adams defines and differentiates between the concepts of power and control, authority and legitimacy, power domains and levels. He then examines the underlying metatheory of energetic and mentalistic structures and provides an analytic model of the evolution of power, from the primitive band to modern nations. He predicts the emergence of supranational blocs and discusses other future possibilities. Throughout, his theoretical points are solidly supported by examples drawn from a wide range of cultures.

Author : Daniel McCormack
Publisher : Springer
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319939766

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Great Powers and International Hierarchy by Daniel McCormack Pdf

Hierarchical relationships—rules that structure both international and domestic politics—are pervasive. Yet we know little about how these relationships are constructed, maintained, and dismantled. This book fills this lacuna through a two-pronged research approach: first, it discusses how great power negotiations over international political settlements both respond to domestic politics within weak states and structure the specific forms that hierarchy takes. Second, it deduces three sets of hypotheses about hierarchy maintenance, construction, and collapse during the post-war era. By offering a coherent theoretical model of hierarchical politics within weaker states, the author is able to answer a number of important questions, including: Why does the United States often ally with autocratic states even though its most enduring relationships are with democracies? Why do autocratic hierarchical relationships require interstate coercion? Why do some hierarchies end violently and others peacefully? Why does hierarchical competition sometimes lead to interstate conflict and sometimes to civil conflict?