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High Energy Radiation from Black Holes by Charles D. Dermer,Govind Menon Pdf
Bright gamma-ray flares observed from sources far beyond our Milky Way Galaxy are best explained if enormous amounts of energy are liberated by black holes. The highest- energy particles in nature--the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays--cannot be confined by the Milky Way's magnetic field, and must originate from sources outside our Galaxy. Understanding these energetic radiations requires an extensive theoretical framework involving the radiation physics and strong-field gravity of black holes. In High Energy Radiation from Black Holes, Charles Dermer and Govind Menon present a systematic exposition of black-hole astrophysics and general relativity in order to understand how gamma rays, cosmic rays, and neutrinos are produced by black holes. Beginning with Einstein's special and general theories of relativity, the authors give a detailed mathematical description of fundamental astrophysical radiation processes, including Compton scattering of electrons and photons, synchrotron radiation of particles in magnetic fields, photohadronic interactions of cosmic rays with photons, gamma-ray attenuation, Fermi acceleration, and the Blandford-Znajek mechanism for energy extraction from rotating black holes. The book provides a basis for graduate students and researchers in the field to interpret the latest results from high-energy observatories, and helps resolve whether energy released by rotating black holes powers the highest-energy radiations in nature. The wide range of detail will make High Energy Radiation from Black Holes a standard reference for black-hole research.
Quantum Black Holes by Xavier Calmet,Bernard Carr,Elizabeth Winstanley Pdf
Written by foremost experts, this short book gives a clear description of the physics of quantum black holes. The reader will learn about quantum black holes in four and higher dimensions, primordial black holes, the production of black holes in high energy particle collisions, Hawking radiation, black holes in models of low scale quantum gravity and quantum gravitational aspects of black holes.
Radiation from Black Holes, Future Missions to Primitive Bodies and Middle Atmospheric Fine Structures by COSPAR. Scientific Assembly,C. Day Pdf
The majority of this volume is devoted to the subject of high energy radiation from galactic and extragalactic black holes. The volume also covers future space missions to primitive bodies and fine structures in the middle atmosphere and their origin. In total, 27 papers are presented, the final two included in the appendix emanating from the previous COSPAR meeting in Washington.
Superradiance by Richard Brito,Vitor Cardoso,Paolo Pani Pdf
This book focuses on one mechanism in black hole physics which has proven to be universal, multifaceted and with a rich phenomenology: rotational superradiance. This is an energy extraction process, whereby black holes can deposit their rotational energy in their surroundings, leading to Penrose processes, black-hole bombs, and even Hawking radiation. Black holes are key players in star formation mechanisms and as engines to some of the most violent events in our universe. Their simplicity and compactness make them perfect laboratories, ideally suited to probe new fields or modifications to the theory of gravity. Thus, black holes can also be used to probe some of the most important open problems in physics, including the nature of dark matter or the strong CP problem in particle physics. This monograph is directed to researchers and graduate students and provides a unified view of the subject, covering the theoretical machinery, experimental efforts in the laboratory, and astrophysics searches. It is focused on recent developments and works out a number of novel examples and applications, ranging from fundamental physics to astrophysics. Non-specialists with a scientific background should also find this text a valuable resource for understanding the critical issues of contemporary research in black-hole physics. This second edition stresses the role of ergoregions in superradiance, and completes its catalogue of energy-extraction processes. It presents a unified description of instabilities of spinning black holes in the presence of massive fields. Finally, it covers the first experimental observation of superradiance, and reviews the state-of-the-art in the searches for new light fields in the universe using superradiance as a mechanism.
Focus on Black Hole Research by Paul V. Kreitler Pdf
A black hole is a point of extreme mass in space-time with a radius, or event horizon, inside of which all electromagnetic radiation (including light) is trapped by gravity. A black hole is an extremely compact object, collapsed by gravity which has overcome electric and nuclear forces. It is believed that stars appreciably larger than the Sun, once they have exhausted all their nuclear fuel, collapse to form black holes: they are "black" because no light escapes their intense gravity. Material attracted to a black hole, though, gains enormous energy and can radiate part of it before being swallowed up. Some astronomers believe that enormously massive black holes exist in the centre of our galaxy and of other galaxies. This new book brings together leading research from through-out the world.
Very High Energy Cosmic Gamma Radiation by Felix A. Aharonian Pdf
Gamma ray astronomy, the branch of high energy astrophysics that studies the sky in energetic ?-ray photons, is destined to play a crucial role in the exploration of nonthermal phenomena in the Universe in their most extreme and violent forms. The great potential of this discipline offers impressive coverage of many OC hot topicsOCO of modern astrophysics and cosmology, such as the origin of galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays, particle acceleration and radiation processes under extreme astrophysical conditions, and the search for dark matter."
Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy by T.C. Weekes Pdf
High energy gamma-ray photons are the prime probes of the relativistic or high-energy universe, populated by black holes, neutron stars, supernovae, quasars, and matter-antimatter annihilations. Through studying the gamma-ray sky, astrophysicists are able to better understand the formation and behavior of these exotic and energetic bodies. Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy summarizes the status of gamma-ray astronomy at energies between 30MeV and 50TeV at a critical point in the development of the discipline: the hiatus between the demise of the EGRET telescope and the launch of the next generation of space telescopes. Starting with an overview of the astrophysics of the bodies that generate high energy gamma rays, it proceeds to discuss the latest developments in observational techniques and equipment. By presenting the techniques, observations, and theories of this expanding frontier, Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy aids experimentalists and theoreticians in detecting and explaining gamma rays of the highest energies.
Astrophysical Sources of High Energy Particles and Radiation by Tomasz Bulik,Bronisław Rudak,Grzegorz Madejski Pdf
The main purpose of this conference was to present an overview of the current state of research in the area of high energy astrophysics. In particular, the mechanisms of particle acceleration, generation of high energy radiation, and polarization properties of such emission were discussed. A broad range of compact and diffuse sources, ranging from stellar to extragalactic objects are covered.
Current High-Energy Emission Around Black Holes by Chang-Hwan Lee,Heon-Young Chang Pdf
Black holes exist in galactic nuclei and in some X-ray binaries found in our own galaxy and the large Magellanic Cloud. This volume focuses on astrophysical high-energy emission processes around black holes, and the development of theoretical frameworks for interesting observational results. Contents: Black Hole ObservationsAccretion Disk/Formation of JetsEnergy Extraction from Rotating Black HolesSupernova and Gamma Ray BurstsBlack Hole Astrophysics Readership: Graduate students, post-docs and academics in astrophysics, astronomy, cosmology and high energy physics. Keywords:Black Hole;Accretion Disk;Active Galactic Nuclei;Supernovae;Hypernovae;Jets;Gamma-Ray Bursts
Classical and Quantum Black Holes by P Fre,V. Gorini,G Magli,U. Moschella Pdf
Black holes are becoming increasingly important in contemporary research in astrophysics, cosmology, theoretical physics, and mathematics. Indeed, they provoke some of the most fascinating questions in fundamental physics, which may lead to revolutions in scientific thought. Written by distinguished scientists, Classical and Quantum Black Holes provides a comprehensive panorama of black hole physics and mathematics from a modern point of view. The book begins with a general introduction, followed by five parts that cover several modern aspects of the subject, ranging from the observational and the experimental to the more theoretical and mathematical issues. The material is written at a level suitable for postgraduate students entering the field.
Very High Energy Cosmic Gamma Radiation by F A Aharonian Pdf
Gamma ray astronomy, the branch of high energy astrophysics that studies the sky in energetic γ-ray photons, is destined to play a crucial role in the exploration of nonthermal phenomena in the Universe in their most extreme and violent forms. The great potential of this discipline offers impressive coverage of many “hot topics” of modern astrophysics and cosmology, such as the origin of galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays, particle acceleration and radiation processes under extreme astrophysical conditions, and the search for dark matter. The recent observational results and exciting theoretical predictions provide a strong rationale for a deep study of cosmic radiation with forthcoming satellite-borne and ground-based detectors in the so-called very high energy domain of the electromagnetic spectrum above 1010 eV. This invaluable book presents the motivations and highlights the principal objectives of the field, as well as demonstrates its intrinsic links to other branches of high energy astrophysics. Preference is given to three topical areas: (i) origin of cosmic rays; (ii) physics and astrophysics of relativistic jets; (iii) observational gamma ray cosmology. Also, an essential part of the book is devoted to the discussion of the principal mechanisms of production and absorption of energetic γ-rays in different astrophysical environments, as well as to the description of the detection methods of high energy cosmic γ-radiation. Contents:Status of the FieldGamma Ray Production and Absorption MechanismsGamma Rays and Origin of Galactic Cosmic RaysGamma Ray Visibility of Supernova RemnantsPulsars, Pulsar Winds, PlerionsGamma Rays Expected from MicroquasarsLarge Scale Jets of Radio Galaxies and QuasarsNonthermal Phenomena in Clusters of GalaxiesTeV Blazars and Cosmic Background RadiationHigh Energy Gamma Rays — Carriers of Unique Cosmological Information Readership: Astrophysicists, cosmic ray physicists, cosmologists and high energy physicists. Keywords:Reviews:“The author has been an active player in the pioneering experiments that opened the ‘last electromagnetic window’ at photon energies beyond GeV, or wavelengths smaller than 10–13 cm. This is a timely in-depth review of gamma ray astronomy, a field exploding with new instrumentation: space-borne detectors aiming for astronomy with thousands of sources and ground-based detectors hunting for the origin of the cosmic rays, still enigmatic one century after their discovery.”Francis Halzen University of Wisconsin “‘Very high-energy gamma-ray astronomy’ is now beginning to play a crucial role in understanding the high-energy phenomena in the Universe. Flix Ahranonian clearly describes the implication of this new developing field relating to Cosmic-ray Physics, X-ray and low energy gamma-ray astronomy, Potential Extragalactic sources and Cosmologies and dark matter … His writing covers what is known, what is to be explored in future, and also speculating on some new exciting unknown phenomena. He is one of the pioneers and a leading scientist in this field, and this book is timely and valuable for the students and researchers in this field which developed so quickly in recent years together with the scientists who have interest and wish to understand and research the high-energy phenomena in the Universe.”Emeritus Professor Jun Nishimura The University of Tokyo, and Institute of Space and Astronuatical Science “In the entire text Aharonian attaches importance to analytic descriptions. He outlined, discusses and quotes numerous model calculations as well as an abundance of experimental data. The Bibliography is very extensive. This is a recommendable book.”Physik Journal
From supernovae and gamma-ray bursts to the accelerating Universe, this is an exploration of the intellectual threads that lead to some of the most exciting ideas in modern astrophysics and cosmology. This fully updated second edition incorporates new material on binary stars, black holes, gamma-ray bursts, worm-holes, quantum gravity and string theory. It covers the origins of stars and their evolution, the mechanisms responsible for supernovae, and their progeny, neutron stars and black holes. It examines the theoretical ideas behind black holes and their manifestation in observational astronomy and presents neutron stars in all their variety known today. This book also covers the physics of the twentieth century, discussing quantum theory and Einstein's gravity, how these two theories collide, and the prospects for their reconciliation in the twenty-first century. This will be essential reading for undergraduate students in astronomy and astrophysics, and an excellent, accessible introduction for a wider audience.
High-energy astrophysics involves the study of exceedingly dynamic and energetic phenomena occurring near the most extreme celestial objects known to exist, such as black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, and supernova remnants. High-Energy Astrophysics provides graduate and advanced undergraduate students with the most complete, self-contained introduction to the subject available. This textbook covers all the essentials, weaving together the latest theory with the experimental techniques, instrumentation, and observational methods astronomers use to study high-energy radiation from space. Fulvio Melia introduces topics at the forefront of today's research, including relativistic particles, energetic radiation, and accretion disk theory. No other textbook offers such a thorough yet concise treatment of the key aspects of high-energy astrophysics--both theoretical and observational--or delves as deeply into modern detection techniques, satellite systems, and analytical and numerical modeling used by theoreticians. Amply illustrated, High-Energy Astrophysics is also ideal for researchers interested in the application of fundamental physical laws to understand how matter and radiation behave in regions of the universe where physical conditions are most extreme. Uniquely weaves together the theoretical and experimental aspects of this important branch of astronomy Features stunning images of the high-energy sky Fully describes the principal classes of high-energy sources, with an in-depth study of many archetypal objects within them Provides an excellent, self-contained resource for the classroom, written by a preeminent researcher and teacher in the field
