Hippocampal Microcircuits

Author : Vassilis Cutsuridis,Bruce Graham,Stuart Cobb,Imre Vida
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 619 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441909961

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Hippocampal Microcircuits by Vassilis Cutsuridis,Bruce Graham,Stuart Cobb,Imre Vida Pdf

Rich in detail, Hippocampal Microcircuits: A Computational Modeler’s Resource Book provides succinct and focused reviews of experimental results. It is an unparalleled resource of data and methodology that will be invaluable to anyone wishing to develop computational models of the microcircuits of the hippocampus. The editors have divided the material into two thematic areas. Covering the subject’s experimental background, leading neuroscientists discuss the morphological, physiological and molecular characteristics as well as the connectivity and synaptic properties of the various cell types found in the hippocampus. Here, ensemble activity, related to behavior, on the part of morphologically identified neurons in anesthetized and freely moving animals, lead to insights into the functions of hippocampal areas. In the second section, on computational analysis, computational neuroscientists present models of hippocampal microcircuits at various levels of detail, including single-cell and network levels. A full chapter is devoted to the single-neuron and network simulation environments currently used by computational neuroscientists in developing their models. In addition to the above, the chapters also identify outstanding questions and areas in need of further clarification that will guide future research by computational neuroscientists.

Author : Vassilis Cutsuridis,Bruce P. Graham,Stuart Cobb,Imre Vida
Publisher : Springer
Page : 885 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319991030

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Hippocampal Microcircuits by Vassilis Cutsuridis,Bruce P. Graham,Stuart Cobb,Imre Vida Pdf

This is the 2nd edition of a very well received and popular book that reflects the current state-of-the-art of the ongoing research avenues concerning the hippocampus and processing units bridging the gap between single cell activity, network activity and global brain function. It aims to provide a methodology to anyone interested in developing microcircuit level models of the hippocampus. The book is divided into two thematic areas: (I) Experimental background and (II) Computational analysis. In part I, leading experimental neuroscientists discuss the morphological, physiological and molecular characteristics as well as the connectivity and synaptic properties of the various cell types found in the hippocampus. Behaviour-related ensemble activity patterns of morphologically identified neurons in anesthetized and freely moving animals provide insights on the function of the hippocampal areas. In part II, computational neuroscientists present models of the hippocampal microcircuits at various levels of detail (e.g. single cell level, network level, etc.). Synaptomics and connectomics models of hippocampal structures are initially discussed. Then, network models of memory, rhythm generation and spatial navigation are presented, followed by abstract and biophysical models of synaptic plasticity. Network models of hippocampal implicated disorders (epilepsy and schizophrenia) are then detailed and how their network topologies, connectivities and activities change in these diseases. Finally, two chapters are dedicated to describing simulator environments of single neurons and networks currently used by computational neuroscientists in developing their models and modelling tools to parametrically constrain them. This engaging volume is invaluable to experimental and computational neuroscientists, electrical engineers, physicists, mathematicians and others interested in developing microcircuit models of the hippocampus. Graduate level students and trainees in all of these fields can find this book a significant source of information.

Author : Peter Jonas,John Lisman
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-13
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
ISBN : 9782889193875

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Structure, function, and plasticity of hippocampal dentate gyrus microcircuits by Peter Jonas,John Lisman Pdf

The hippocampus mediates several higher brain functions, such as learning, memory, and spatial coding. The input region of the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, plays a critical role in these processes. Several lines of evidence suggest that the dentate gyrus acts as a preprocessor of incoming information, preparing it for subsequent processing in CA3. For example, the dentate gyrus converts input from the entorhinal cortex, where cells have multiple spatial fields, into the spatially more specific place cell activity characteristic of the CA3 region. Furthermore, the dentate gyrus is involved in pattern separation, transforming relatively similar input patterns into substantially different output patterns. Finally, the dentate gyrus produces a very sparse coding scheme in which only a very small fraction of neurons are active at any one time. How are these unique functions implemented at the level of cells and synapses? Dentate gyrus granule cells receive excitatory neuron input from the entorhinal cortex and send excitatory output to the hippocampal CA3 region via the mossy fibers. Furthermore, several types of GABAergic interneurons are present in this region, providing inhibitory control over granule cell activity via feedback and feedforward inhibition. Additionally, hilar mossy cells mediate an excitatory loop, receiving powerful input from a small number of granule cells and providing highly distributed excitatory output to a large number of granule cells. Finally, the dentate gyrus is one of the few brain regions exhibiting adult neurogenesis. Thus, new neurons are generated and functionally integrated throughout life. How these specific cellular and synaptic properties contribute to higher brain functions remains unclear. One way to understand these properties of the dentate gyrus is to try to integrate experimental data into models, following the famous Hopfield quote: “Build it, and you understand it.” However, when trying this, one faces two major challenges. First, hard quantitative data about cellular properties, structural connectivity, and functional properties of synapses are lacking. Second, the number of individual neurons and synapses to be represented in the model is huge. For example, the dentate gyrus contains ~1 million granule cells in rodents, and ~10 million in humans. Thus, full scale models will be complex and computationally demanding. In this Frontiers Research Topic, we collect important information about cells, synapses, and microcircuit elements of the dentate gyrus. We have put together a combination of original research articles, review articles, and a methods article. We hope that the collected information will be useful for both experimentalists and modelers. We also hope that the papers will be interesting beyond the small world of “dentology,” i.e., for scientists working on other brain areas. Ideally, the dentate gyrus may serve as a blueprint, helping neuroscientists to define strategies to analyze network organization of other brain regions.

Author : Gordon M. Shepherd,Sten Grillner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190636111

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Handbook of Brain Microcircuits by Gordon M. Shepherd,Sten Grillner Pdf

In order to focus on principles, each chapter in this work is brief, organized around 1-3 wiring diagrams of the key circuits, with several pages of text that distil the functional significance of each microcircuit

Author : Konstantinos Diamantaras,Wlodek Duch,Lazaros S. Iliadis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 587 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642158193

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Artificial Neural Networks - ICANN 2010 by Konstantinos Diamantaras,Wlodek Duch,Lazaros S. Iliadis Pdf

th This volume is part of the three-volume proceedings of the 20 International Conference on Arti?cial Neural Networks (ICANN 2010) that was held in Th- saloniki, Greece during September 15–18, 2010. ICANN is an annual meeting sponsored by the European Neural Network Society (ENNS) in cooperation with the International Neural Network So- ety (INNS) and the Japanese Neural Network Society (JNNS). This series of conferences has been held annually since 1991 in Europe, covering the ?eld of neurocomputing, learning systems and other related areas. As in the past 19 events, ICANN 2010 provided a distinguished, lively and interdisciplinary discussion forum for researches and scientists from around the globe. Ito?eredagoodchanceto discussthe latestadvancesofresearchandalso all the developments and applications in the area of Arti?cial Neural Networks (ANNs). ANNs provide an information processing structure inspired by biolo- cal nervous systems and they consist of a large number of highly interconnected processing elements (neurons). Each neuron is a simple processor with a limited computing capacity typically restricted to a rule for combining input signals (utilizing an activation function) in order to calculate the output one. Output signalsmaybesenttootherunitsalongconnectionsknownasweightsthatexcite or inhibit the signal being communicated. ANNs have the ability “to learn” by example (a large volume of cases) through several iterations without requiring a priori ?xed knowledge of the relationships between process parameters.

Author : Ahmed A. Moustafa
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781119159070

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Computational Models of Brain and Behavior by Ahmed A. Moustafa Pdf

A comprehensive Introduction to the world of brain and behavior computational models This book provides a broad collection of articles covering different aspects of computational modeling efforts in psychology and neuroscience. Specifically, it discusses models that span different brain regions (hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, visual cortex), different species (humans, rats, fruit flies), and different modeling methods (neural network, Bayesian, reinforcement learning, data fitting, and Hodgkin-Huxley models, among others). Computational Models of Brain and Behavior is divided into four sections: (a) Models of brain disorders; (b) Neural models of behavioral processes; (c) Models of neural processes, brain regions and neurotransmitters, and (d) Neural modeling approaches. It provides in-depth coverage of models of psychiatric disorders, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia, and dyslexia; models of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy; early sensory and perceptual processes; models of olfaction; higher/systems level models and low-level models; Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning; linking information theory to neurobiology; and more. Covers computational approximations to intellectual disability in down syndrome Discusses computational models of pharmacological and immunological treatment in Alzheimer's disease Examines neural circuit models of serotonergic system (from microcircuits to cognition) Educates on information theory, memory, prediction, and timing in associative learning Computational Models of Brain and Behavior is written for advanced undergraduate, Master's and PhD-level students—as well as researchers involved in computational neuroscience modeling research.

Author : Manuel F. Casanova,Ioan Opris
Publisher : Springer
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401799003

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Recent Advances on the Modular Organization of the Cortex by Manuel F. Casanova,Ioan Opris Pdf

The way you perceive the world, plan, make decisions and communicate your thoughts and feelings depends on the function and hierarchical arrangement of cortical modules. The ability to both provide adaptive responses to our ever-changing environment and to pursue a useful role in society is the most important problem faced by present day neuroscientists. In essence, the workings of cortical modules define the nature of our soul, making each of us who we are. This book provides a breath-taking view of different perspectives by world renowned authorities as to the workings of these cortical modules both in the normal state and in mental disorders.

Author : Alyson Deines,Daniela Ferrero,Erica Graham,Mee Seong Im,Carrie Manore,Candice Price
Publisher : Springer
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-31
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319986845

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Advances in the Mathematical Sciences by Alyson Deines,Daniela Ferrero,Erica Graham,Mee Seong Im,Carrie Manore,Candice Price Pdf

Featuring research from the 2017 research symposium of the Association for Women in Mathematics, this volume presents recent findings in pure mathematics and a range of advances and novel applications in fields such as engineering, biology, and medicine. Featured topics include geometric group theory, generalized iterated wreath products of cyclic groups and symmetric groups, Conway-Coxeter friezes and mutation, and classroom experiments in teaching collegiate mathematics. A review of DNA topology and a computational study of learning-induced sequence reactivation during sharp-wave ripples are also included in this volume. Numerous illustrations and tables convey key results throughout the book. This volume highlights research from women working in academia, industry, and government. It is a helpful resource for researchers and graduate students interested in an overview of the latest research in mathematics.

Author : George C. McConnell,Sabato Santaniello,John Thomas Gale,Rose Taj Faghih,Caleb Kemere,Martin Han,Justin David Hilliard
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889714643

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Towards the Next Generation of Deep Brain Stimulation Therapies: Technological Advancements, Computational Methods, and New Targets by George C. McConnell,Sabato Santaniello,John Thomas Gale,Rose Taj Faghih,Caleb Kemere,Martin Han,Justin David Hilliard Pdf

Author : Ivan Soltesz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195177015

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Diversity in the Neuronal Machine by Ivan Soltesz Pdf

Aims to provide insights into the striking degree of cellular diversity found in the interneuronal microcircuits in the brain's neocortex and hippocampus. This book elaborates on different ideas about interneuronal diversity that rest upon theoretical and experimental results and is useful for neuroscientists.

Author : Robert E. Clark,Stephen Martin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319787572

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Behavioral Neuroscience of Learning and Memory by Robert E. Clark,Stephen Martin Pdf

‘Behavioral Neuroscience of Learning and Memory’ brings together the opinions and expertise of some of the world’s foremost neuroscientists in the field of learning and memory research. The volume provides a broad coverage of contemporary research and thinking in this field, focusing both on well established topics such as the medial temporal lobe memory system, as well as emerging areas of research such as the role of memory in decision making and the mechanisms of perceptual learning. Key intersecting themes include the molecular and cellular mechanisms of memory formation, the multiplicity of memory systems in the brain, and the way in which technological innovation is driving discovery. Unusually for a volume of this kind, this volume brings together research from both humans and animals—often relatively separate areas of discourse—to give a more comprehensive and integrated view of the field. The book will be of interest to both established researchers who wish to broaden their knowledge of topics outside of their specific areas of expertise, and for students who need a resource to help them make sense of the vast scientific literature on this subject.

Author : Donald L. Schomer,Fernando H. Lopes da Silva
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1265 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190228484

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Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography by Donald L. Schomer,Fernando H. Lopes da Silva Pdf

Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields, Seventh Edition keeps the clinical neurophysiologist on the forefront of medical advancements. This authoritative text covers basic neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, and neuroimaging to provide a better understanding of clinical neurophysiological findings. This edition further delves into current state-of-the-art recording EEG activity both in the normal clinical environment and unique situations such as the intensive care unit, operating rooms, and epilepsy monitoring suites. As computer technology evolves, so does the integration of analytical methods that significantly affect the reader's interpretations of waveforms and trends that are occurring on long-term monitoring sessions. Compiled and edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva, along with a global team of experts, they collectively bring insight to crucial sections including basic principles of EEG and MEG, normal EEG, EEG in a clinical setting, clinical EEG in seizures and epilepsy, complementary and special techniques, event-related EEG phenomena, and shed light on the future of EEG and clinical neurophysiology. Akin to an encyclopedia of everything EEG, this comprehensive work is perfect for neurophysiology fellows, as well as neurology, neurosurgery, and general medical residents, and for the interns and medical students, and is a one-stop-shop for anyone training in EEG or preparing for neurophysiology or epilepsy board exams.

Author : Fereshteh S. Nugent,Lu Chen,Ka Wan Li
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832524343

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Synaptic Plasticity and Dysfunction, Friend or Foe? by Fereshteh S. Nugent,Lu Chen,Ka Wan Li Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464997372

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Advances in Limbic System Research and Application: 2012 Edition by Anonim Pdf

Advances in Limbic System Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Limbic System. The editors have built Advances in Limbic System Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Limbic System in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Limbic System Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Author : Arshad Majid
Publisher : Springer
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319286129

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Electroceuticals by Arshad Majid Pdf

This book covers recent advances in the use of electrostimulation therapies in movement disorders, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease, memory and cognition, disorders of consciousness, foot drop, dysphagia, brain injury, headache, heart failure, hearing loss, and rheumatoid arthritis. It describes techniques such as vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and electrical stimulation of the pharyngeal nerve. Electroceuticals: Advances in Electrostimulation Therapies is aimed at clinicians and basic researchers in the fields of neurology, neurosurgery, cardiology and rheumatology.