How Religious Values Jewish And Christian Originated The Technological Cultural Of The West In The Early Middle Ages

Author : Ulrich Becker
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783640159826

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How religious values (Jewish and Christian) originated the technological cultural of the West in the early Middle Ages... by Ulrich Becker Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Cultural Studies - Miscellaneous, grade: 0,7, Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design (Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design, History and Theory), course: Relations between technology and culture, 10 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Stating today that the Western Civilization is the most technological advanced civilization on earth and in history, will probably not draw many objections, but how and when did this happen? What made Western Europe outstrip the other great civilizations that long held technological superiority over it? In this short essay I try to follow a thought of Professor Lynn Townsend White, seeing the intellectual condition of a society (namely religious values) as the main important factor for its technological development. Although many critics argue against White, downplaying religious value orientation as a possible cause, focusing on technological success of other civilizations in the Middle Ages, portraying the "technological mind" of western Europe as the consequence and not the cause of it's rapid technological growth or portraying the Western leading technological position as a kind of coincidence, I find them not convincing. To the contrary: the spread of ideas and their grave effects can have their basis in the minds of very few or even single persons, who convince a society to change or adapt their values Further, the wide spread and common borrowing of technological inventions in the medieval Eurasian cultures makes a search for an answer of the astonishing European success even more a question of society and intellectual attitude than the hardware inventions, since Byzantium, the Islamic world, India and China had in the 10th century the same or better technologies and inventions than as Western Europe. And of course on can argue that technological attitudes and pro-technological ideological changes in society where the product of technological progress and not it's

Author : Ivan G. Marcus
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300156744

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Rituals of Childhood by Ivan G. Marcus Pdf

In medieval times, when a Jewish boy of five began religious schooling, he was carried from home to a teacher and placed on the teacher's lap. He was then asked to recite the Hebrew alphabet and lick honey from the slate on which it was written, to eat magically inscribed cooked peeled eggs and cakes, to recite an incantation against a demon of forgetfulness, and then to go down to the riverbank with the teacher, where he was told that his future study of the Torah, like the rushing river, would never end. This book--Ivan Marcus's erudite and novel interpretation of this rite of passage--presents a new anthropological historical approach to Jewish culture and acculturation in medieval Christian Europe. Marcus traces ancient Jewish and Greco-Roman elements in the rite and then analyzes it from different perspectives, making use of narrative, legal, poetic, ethnographic, and pictorial sources, as well as firsthand accounts. He then describes contemporary medieval Christian images and initiation rites--including the eucharist and the Madonna and child--as contexts within which to understand the ceremony. He is the first to investigate how medieval Jews were aware of, drew upon, and polemically transformed Christian religious symbols into Jewish counterimages in order to affirm the truth of Judaism and to make sense of living as Jews in an intensely Christian culture.

Author : Robert C. Scharff,Val Dusek
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1533 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118722725

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Philosophy of Technology by Robert C. Scharff,Val Dusek Pdf

The new edition of this authoritative introduction to the philosophy of technology includes recent developments in the subject, while retaining the range and depth of its selection of seminal contributions and its much-admired editorial commentary. Remains the most comprehensive anthology on the philosophy of technology available Includes editors’ insightful section introductions and critical summaries for each selection Revised and updated to reflect the latest developments in the field Combines difficult to find seminal essays with a judicious selection of contemporary material Examines the relationship between technology and the understanding of the nature of science that underlies technology studies

Author : The Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2023-11-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520313590

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Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Volume 2 (1971) by The Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies Pdf

Author : Mark Cobb,Christina M Puchalski,Bruce Rumbold
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199571390

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Oxford Textbook of Spirituality in Healthcare by Mark Cobb,Christina M Puchalski,Bruce Rumbold Pdf

Includes Internet access card bound inside front matter.

Author : Emmanuel Nathan,Anya Topolski
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9783110416671

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Is there a Judeo-Christian Tradition? by Emmanuel Nathan,Anya Topolski Pdf

The term ‘Judeo-Christian’ in reference to a tradition, heritage, ethic, civilization, faith etc. has been used in a wide variety of contexts with widely diverging meanings. Contrary to popular belief, the term was not coined in the United States in the middle of the 20th century but in 1831 in Germany by Ferdinand Christian Baur. By acknowledging and returning to this European perspective and context, the volume engages the historical, theological, philosophical and political dimensions of the term’s development. Scholars of European intellectual history will find this volume timely and relevant.

Author : Jonathan Elukin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691162065

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Living Together, Living Apart by Jonathan Elukin Pdf

This book challenges the standard conception of the Middle Ages as a time of persecution for Jews. Jonathan Elukin traces the experience of Jews in Europe from late antiquity through the Renaissance and Reformation, revealing how the pluralism of medieval society allowed Jews to feel part of their local communities despite recurrent expressions of hatred against them. Elukin shows that Jews and Christians coexisted more or less peacefully for much of the Middle Ages, and that the violence directed at Jews was largely isolated and did not undermine their participation in the daily rhythms of European society. The extraordinary picture that emerges is one of Jews living comfortably among their Christian neighbors, working with Christians, and occasionally cultivating lasting friendships even as Christian culture often demonized Jews. As Elukin makes clear, the expulsions of Jews from England, France, Spain, and elsewhere were not the inevitable culmination of persecution, but arose from the religious and political expediencies of particular rulers. He demonstrates that the history of successful Jewish-Christian interaction in the Middle Ages in fact laid the social foundations that gave rise to the Jewish communities of modern Europe. Elukin compels us to rethink our assumptions about this fascinating period in history, offering us a new lens through which to appreciate the rich complexities of the Jewish experience in medieval Christendom.

Author : Karel Davids
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-11-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004236950

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Religion, Technology, and the Great and Little Divergences by Karel Davids Pdf

In Religion, Technology, and the Great and Little Divergences Karel Davids offers a new perspective on technological change in China and Europe before the Industrial Revolution. This book makes an innovative contribution to current debates on the origins of the 'Great Divergence' between China and Europe and the ' Little Divergence' within Europe by analysing the relationship between the evolution of technical knowledge and religious contexts. It deals with the question to what extent disparities in the evolution of technical knowledge can be explained by differences in religious environment. It takes a comparative look at the relation between technology and religion in China and Europe between c.700 and 1800 from four angles: visions on the uses of nature, the formation of human capital , the circulation of technical knowledge and technical innovation.

Author : University of California, Los Angeles. Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Civilization, Medieval
ISBN : 0520018303

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Viator by University of California, Los Angeles. Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies Pdf

Author : Ken Spiro
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780757324062

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WorldPerfect by Ken Spiro Pdf

In pursuit of an answer to the question of what would constitute a perfect world, author Ken Spiro questioned more than 1,500 people of various backgrounds and religions. His findings revealed six core elements: Respect for human life; peace and harmony; justice and equality; education; family; and social responsibility. He then set off on a journey to find out why these were such common goals across cultural, economic, social and racial lines, and in the process, traced the history of the development of world religions, values and ethics. As a rabbi, he paid particular attention to how Judaism impacted, and was influenced by, the course of these developments. The result is a highly readable and well-documented book about the origins of values and virtues in Western civilization as influenced by the Greeks, Romans, Christians, Muslims and, most significantly, the Jews. The history of religion, presented in Spiro’s highly readable style, is a fascinating and timely subject, especially in today’s volatile religious climate. Spiro divides his book into five engaging parts: Where the Quality of Mercy Was Not Strained: The World of Greece and Rome Against the Grain: The Jewish View A Father to Many Nations: Abraham and the Implications of Monotheism With Sword and Fire: The Rise of Christianity and Islam The New Promised Land: Impact of Judaism on Liberal Democracies Readers of all faiths will find that the elements of a perfect world can only be achieved by a common understanding of our mutual backgrounds and that our diverse religions are all merely branches growing from one single tree.

Author : Arthur Hyman,James J. Walsh,Thomas Williams
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
Page : 729 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781603844512

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Philosophy in the Middle Ages by Arthur Hyman,James J. Walsh,Thomas Williams Pdf

Thomas Williams' revision of Arthur Hyman and James J. Walsh's classic compendium of writings in the Christian, Islamic, and Jewish medieval philosophical traditions expands the breadth of coverage that helped make its predecessor the best known and most widely used collection of its kind. The third edition builds on the strengths of the second by preserving its essential shape while adding several important new texts--including works by Augustine, Boethius, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, Anselm, al-Farabi, al-Ghazali, Ibn Rushd, Bonaventure, Thomas Aquinas, and John Duns Scotus--and featuring new translations of many others. The volume has also been redesigned and its bibliographies updated with the needs of a new generation of students in mind.

Author : Ivan G. Marcus
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691258201

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How the West Became Antisemitic by Ivan G. Marcus Pdf

An examination of how the Jews—real and imagined—so challenged the Christian majority in medieval Europe that it became a society that was religiously and culturally antisemitic in new ways In medieval Europe, Jews were not passive victims of the Christian community, as is often assumed, but rather were startlingly assertive, forming a Jewish civilization within Latin Christian society. Both Jews and Christians considered themselves to be God’s chosen people. These dueling claims fueled the rise of both cultures as they became rivals for supremacy. In How the West Became Antisemitic, Ivan Marcus shows how Christian and Jewish competition in medieval Europe laid the foundation for modern antisemitism. Marcus explains that Jews accepted Christians as misguided practitioners of their ancestral customs, but regarded Christianity as idolatry. Christians, on the other hand, looked at Jews themselves—not Judaism—as despised. They directed their hatred at a real and imagined Jew: theoretically subordinate, but sometimes assertive, an implacable “enemy within.” In their view, Jews were permanently and physically Jewish—impossible to convert to Christianity. Thus Christians came to hate Jews first for religious reasons, and eventually for racial ones. Even when Jews no longer lived among them, medieval Christians could not forget their former neighbors. Modern antisemitism, based on the imagined Jew as powerful and world dominating, is a transformation of this medieval hatred. A sweeping and well-documented history of the rivalry between Jewish and Christian civilizations during the making of Europe, How the West Became Antisemitic is an ambitious new interpretation of the medieval world and its impact on modernity.

Author : Jonathan Boyarin
Publisher : ReadHowYouWant.com
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781459605527

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The Unconverted Self by Jonathan Boyarin Pdf

"The Unconverted Self proposes that questions of difference inside Christian Europe not only are inseparable from the painful legacy of colonialism but also reveal Christian domination to be a fragile construct. Boyarin compares the Christian efforts aimed toward European Jews and toward indigenous peoples of the New World, bringing into focus the intersection of colonial expansion with the Inquisition and adding significant nuance to the entire question of the colonial encounter."--Publisher description

Author : Judith Frishman,Willemien Otten,Gerard Rouwhorst
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 599 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2004-02-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9789047412830

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Religious Identity and the Problem of Historical Foundation by Judith Frishman,Willemien Otten,Gerard Rouwhorst Pdf

The essays collected in this book deal with the question how, throughout the history of Christianity, Christian communities have tried to construct their identity by anchoring their views in authoritative and normative sources. The main focus is upon the problem of historical foundation through textual traditions but other authoritative sources ( role of religious leaders; ritual traditions) are taken into consideration as well. The book takes as its point of departure the fact that with the rise of modernity the former dependence of western church and society on authoritative sources was called into question. Ever since, appeal to such sources is no longer self-evident; at times it is even regarded as problematic. Based on this radical change brought about by modernity, the book is divided in two main parts. The first part deals with the question how Christian churches and confessions ( Roman-Catholic and Protestant) confronted modernity and which role was played by authoritative sources in the tradition to the modern era. Special attention will be paid to the way in which Judaism reacted to many of the same impulses, both societal and religious ones. The second part deals with the premodern period, from early Christianity to the post-Reformation era, and focuses on the role authoritative traditions, textual or otherwise, have played in providing various Christian communities with a relative stable identity. The aim of the book is to elucidate processes resulting in the formation of authoritative traditions as well as the effects of these traditions on the identity of Christian and Jewish communities. In addition, the book attempts to clarify the various ways in which Christian and Jewish communities have reacted to the growing suspicion authoritative traditions aroused in the western world since the rise of modernity.

Author : Faisal Ahmed,Alexandre Lambert
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000488005

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The Belt and Road Initiative by Faisal Ahmed,Alexandre Lambert Pdf

This book studies the geopolitical and geoeconomic aspects of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It argues that the BRI has the potential to redesign the spatial and territorial dimensions of governance and effectively counterbalance the hitherto predominant hegemonies of the Anglo-American sea power. The volume: Highlights the main geopolitical patterns, including geographical, economic, financial, technological, and strategic factors guiding the BRI on a global scale Presents a historical account of the development of the Silk Road and underlines its contemporary relevance Traces China’s growing inf luence from Eurasia to America Discusses how the Initiative is likely to transform international relations by the middle of the 21st century. A comprehensive guide to China’s rise as the new centre of gravity in global geopolitics, the book will be indispensable for students of political studies, geopolitics, international relations, and foreign policy. It will also be useful for policymakers, strategic investors, think tanks, and government officials.