Human Computation

Author : Edith Subramanya,Luis von Talukdar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 105 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031015557

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Human Computation by Edith Subramanya,Luis von Talukdar Pdf

Human computation is a new and evolving research area that centers around harnessing human intelligence to solve computational problems that are beyond the scope of existing Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms. With the growth of the Web, human computation systems can now leverage the abilities of an unprecedented number of people via the Web to perform complex computation. There are various genres of human computation applications that exist today. Games with a purpose (e.g., the ESP Game) specifically target online gamers who generate useful data (e.g., image tags) while playing an enjoyable game. Crowdsourcing marketplaces (e.g., Amazon Mechanical Turk) are human computation systems that coordinate workers to perform tasks in exchange for monetary rewards. In identity verification tasks, users perform computation in order to gain access to some online content; an example is reCAPTCHA, which leverages millions of users who solve CAPTCHAs every day to correct words in books that optical character recognition (OCR) programs fail to recognize with certainty. This book is aimed at achieving four goals: (1) defining human computation as a research area; (2) providing a comprehensive review of existing work; (3) drawing connections to a wide variety of disciplines, including AI, Machine Learning, HCI, Mechanism/Market Design and Psychology, and capturing their unique perspectives on the core research questions in human computation; and (4) suggesting promising research directions for the future. Table of Contents: Introduction / Human Computation Algorithms / Aggregating Outputs / Task Routing / Understanding Workers and Requesters / The Art of Asking Questions / The Future of Human Computation

Author : Pietro Michelucci
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1059 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-04
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461488064

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Handbook of Human Computation by Pietro Michelucci Pdf

This volume addresses the emerging area of human computation, The chapters, written by leading international researchers, explore existing and future opportunities to combine the respective strengths of both humans and machines in order to create powerful problem-solving capabilities. The book bridges scientific communities, capturing and integrating the unique perspective and achievements of each. It coalesces contributions from industry and across related disciplines in order to motivate, define, and anticipate the future of this exciting new frontier in science and cultural evolution. Readers can expect to find valuable contributions covering Foundations; Application Domains; Techniques and Modalities; Infrastructure and Architecture; Algorithms; Participation; Analysis; Policy and Security and the Impact of Human Computation. Researchers and professionals will find the Handbook of Human Computation a valuable reference tool. The breadth of content also provides a thorough foundation for students of the field.

Author : Jie Yang,Alessandro Bozzon,Ujwal Gadiraju,Matthew Lease
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2023-06-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832525029

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Human-centered AI: Crowd computing by Jie Yang,Alessandro Bozzon,Ujwal Gadiraju,Matthew Lease Pdf

Author : Philip Agre
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1997-07-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0521386039

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Computation and Human Experience by Philip Agre Pdf

By paying close attention to the metaphors of artificial intelligence and their consequences for the field's patterns of success and failure, this text argues for a reorientation of the field away from thought and toward activity. It offers a critical reconstruction of AI research.

Author : Antti Oulasvirta,Per Ola Kristensson,Xiaojun Bi,Andrew Howes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780192520227

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Computational Interaction by Antti Oulasvirta,Per Ola Kristensson,Xiaojun Bi,Andrew Howes Pdf

This book presents computational interaction as an approach to explaining and enhancing the interaction between humans and information technology. Computational interaction applies abstraction, automation, and analysis to inform our understanding of the structure of interaction and also to inform the design of the software that drives new and exciting human-computer interfaces. The methods of computational interaction allow, for example, designers to identify user interfaces that are optimal against some objective criteria. They also allow software engineers to build interactive systems that adapt their behaviour to better suit individual capacities and preferences. Embedded in an iterative design process, computational interaction has the potential to complement human strengths and provide methods for generating inspiring and elegant designs. Computational interaction does not exclude the messy and complicated behaviour of humans, rather it embraces it by, for example, using models that are sensitive to uncertainty and that capture subtle variations between individual users. It also promotes the idea that there are many aspects of interaction that can be augmented by algorithms. This book introduces computational interaction design to the reader by exploring a wide range of computational interaction techniques, strategies and methods. It explains how techniques such as optimisation, economic modelling, machine learning, control theory, formal methods, cognitive models and statistical language processing can be used to model interaction and design more expressive, efficient and versatile interaction.

Author : Nitin Agarwal,Nima Dokoohaki,Serpil Tokdemir
Publisher : Springer
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319941059

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Emerging Research Challenges and Opportunities in Computational Social Network Analysis and Mining by Nitin Agarwal,Nima Dokoohaki,Serpil Tokdemir Pdf

The contributors in this book share, exchange, and develop new concepts, ideas, principles, and methodologies in order to advance and deepen our understanding of social networks in the new generation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) enabled by Web 2.0, also referred to as social media, to help policy-making. This interdisciplinary work provides a platform for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students from sociology, behavioral science, computer science, psychology, cultural studies, information systems, operations research and communication to share, exchange, learn, and develop new concepts, ideas, principles, and methodologies. Emerging Research Challenges and Opportunities in Computational Social Network Analysis and Mining will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and graduate students from the various disciplines listed above. The text facilitates the dissemination of investigations of the dynamics and structure of web based social networks. The book can be used as a reference text for advanced courses on Social Network Analysis, Sociology, Communication, Organization Theory, Cyber-anthropology, Cyber-diplomacy, and Information Technology and Justice.

Author : Robert Kern
Publisher : Springer
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319097763

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Dynamic Quality Management for Cloud Labor Services by Robert Kern Pdf

How can a scalable and efficient quality management mechanism for cloud labor services be designed in a way that it delivers results with a well-defined level of quality to the requester? Cloud labor services are a specific form of crowdsourcing: A coordination platform serves as an interface between requesters who need to get work done and a large crowd of workers who want to perform work. An early example of such a platform is Amazon’s Web marketplace Mturk, on which service requesters can publish open calls for so-called human intelligence tasks (HITs). Robert Kern’s work makes a considerable contribution toward solving the quality problem for scalable human work. On the basis of a comprehensive framework of cloud labor, he develops a set of methods to conceptually measure and aggregate the quality of human work results, implements a platform to put those methods to work, and evaluates their application in a number of very compelling, real-world scenarios successfully combining concepts from statistics, information technology, and management. Reading this book will be beneficial to novices in cloud labor services looking for orientation in this new field as well as to advanced researchers and practitioners developing cloud quality concepts.

Author : John Urquhart Ferguson
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-12
Category : Diffusion of innovations
ISBN : 9781447800316

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Mutually Reinforcing Systems by John Urquhart Ferguson Pdf

People can be used by computers to solve problems. In most cases this 'human computation' is used to gather information that computers struggle to create. These problems can be phrased as games to provide an incentive for people to do the work. In the past, these games have captured a broad level of information in the hope that specific needs will be covered. But what happens when we need specific information that the games have not been designed to create? Mutually reinforcing systems are a new approach to human computation that tries to attain this focus by allowing multiple systems to work together so that each one can benefit from the other's strengths. This dissertation shows that extending human computation techniques to allow the collection and classification of useful contextual information in mobile environments is possible and can be extended to allow the by-products to match the specific needs of another system.

Author : Nagisa Munekata,Itsuki Kunita,Junichi Hoshino
Publisher : Springer
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-08-23
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783319667157

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Entertainment Computing – ICEC 2017 by Nagisa Munekata,Itsuki Kunita,Junichi Hoshino Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Entertainment Computing, ICEC 2017, held in Tsukuba City, Japan, in September 2017. The 16 full papers, 13 short papers, and 2 posters presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions.

Author : Management Association, Information Resources
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 1764 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781522581833

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Social Entrepreneurship: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications by Management Association, Information Resources Pdf

Businesses are looking for methods to incorporate social entrepreneurship in order to generate a positive return to society. Social enterprises have the ability to improve societies through altruistic work to create sustainable work environments for future entrepreneurs and their communities. Social Entrepreneurship: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a useful scholarly resource that examines the broad topic of social entrepreneurship by looking at relevant theoretical frameworks and fundamental terms. It also addresses the challenges and solutions social entrepreneurs face as they address their corporate social responsibility in an effort to redefine the goals of today’s enterprises and enhance the potential for growth and change in every community. Highlighting a range of topics such as the social economy, corporate social responsibility, and competitive advantage, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for business professionals, entrepreneurs, start-up companies, academics, and graduate-level students in the fields of economics, business administration, sociology, education, politics, and international relations.

Author : Jakub Šimko,Mária Bieliková
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319061153

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Semantic Acquisition Games by Jakub Šimko,Mária Bieliková Pdf

Many applications depend on the effective acquisition of semantic metadata, and this state-of-the-art volume provides extensive coverage of the field of semantics acquisition games (SAGs). SAGs are a part of the crowdsourcing approach family and the authors analyze their role as tools for acquisition of resource metadata and domain models. Three case studies of SAG-based semantics acquisition methods are shown, along with other existing SAGs: 1. the Little Search Game - a search query formulation game using negative search, serving for acquisition of lightweight semantics. 2. the PexAce - a card game acquiring annotations to images. 3. the CityLights - a SAG used for validation of music metadata. The authors also look at the SAGs from their design perspectives covering SAG design issues and existing patterns, including several novel patterns. For solving cold start problems, a “helper artifact” scheme is presented, and for dealing with malicious player behavior, a posteriori cheating detection scheme is given. The book also presents methods for assessing information about player expertise, which can be used to make SAGs more effective in terms of useful output.

Author : Adrian-Horia Dediu,Carlos Martín-Vide,Bianca Truthe,Miguel A. Vega-Rodríguez
Publisher : Springer
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642450082

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Theory and Practice of Natural Computing by Adrian-Horia Dediu,Carlos Martín-Vide,Bianca Truthe,Miguel A. Vega-Rodríguez Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference, TPNC 2013, held in Cáceres, Spain, in December 2013. The 19 revised full papers presented together with one invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 47 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on nature-inspired models of computation; synthesizing nature by means of computation; nature-inspired materials and information processing in nature.

Author : Fernando Koch,Christian Guttmann,Didac Busquets
Publisher : Springer
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319248042

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Advances in Social Computing and Multiagent Systems by Fernando Koch,Christian Guttmann,Didac Busquets Pdf

This book constitutes thoroughly revised, selected papers of the proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Collaborative Agents Research and Development, CARE 2015 and the Second International Workshop on Multi-agent Foundations of Social Computing, MFSC 2015, held in Istanbul, Turkey, on May 4, 2015. Both Workshops were held in conjunction with AAMAS 2015. The 5 revised full papers of CARE and the 7 full papers of MFSC presented were carefully selected from 14 CARE and 10 MFSC submissions. Both workshop address issues in relevant areas of social computing such as smart societies, social applications, urban intelligence, intelligent mobile services, models of teamwork and collaboration.

Author : Florian Daniel,Peter Dolog,Qing Li
Publisher : Springer
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-08
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642392009

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Web Engineering by Florian Daniel,Peter Dolog,Qing Li Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Web Engineering, ICWE 2013, held in Aalborg, Denmark, in July 2013. The 21 full research papers, 4 industry papers, and 11 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 92 submissions. The scientific program was completed with 7 workshops, 6 demonstrations and posters. The papers cover a wide spectrum of topics, such as, among others: web mining and knowledge extraction, semantic and linked data management, crawling and web research, model-driven web engineering, component-based web engineering, Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) and client-side programming, web services, and end-user development.

Author : Karl Aberer,Andreas Flache,Wander Jager,Ling Liu,Jie Tang,Christophe Gueret
Publisher : Springer
Page : 571 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-11-27
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642353864

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Social Informatics by Karl Aberer,Andreas Flache,Wander Jager,Ling Liu,Jie Tang,Christophe Gueret Pdf

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Social Informatics, SocInfo 2012, held in Lausanne, Switzerland, in December 2012. The 21 full papers, 18 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections named: social choice mechanisms in the e-society,computational models of social phenomena, social simulation, web mining and its social interpretations, algorithms and protocols inspired by human societies, socio-economic systems and applications, trust, privacy, risk and security in social contexts.