Impact Of The Type Of Referring Expression On The Acquisition Of Word Order Variation

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Impact of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation

Author : Sauermann, Antje
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-11-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783869563305

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Impact of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation by Sauermann, Antje Pdf

This dissertation examines the impact of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation in German-speaking preschoolers. A puzzle in the area of language acquisition concerns the production-comprehension asymmetry for non-canonical sentences like "Den Affen fängt die Kuh." (“The monkey, the cow chases.”), that is, preschoolers usually have difficulties in accurately understanding non-canonical sentences approximately until age six (e.g., Dittmar et al., 2008) although they produce non-canonical sentences already around age three (e.g., Poeppel & Wexler, 1993; Weissenborn, 1990). This dissertation investigated the production and comprehension of non-canonical sentences to address this issue. Three corpus analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of givenness, topic status and the type of referring expression on word order in the spontaneous speech of two- to four-year-olds and the child-directed speech produced by their mothers. The positioning of the direct object in ditransitive sentences was examined; in particular, sentences in which the direct object occurred before or after the indirect object in the sentence-medial positions and sentences in which it occurred in the sentence-initial position. The results reveal similar ordering patterns for children and adults. Word order variation was to a large extent predictable from the type of referring expression, especially with respect to the word order involving the sentence-medial positions. Information structure (e.g., topic status) had an additional impact only on word order variation that involved the sentence-initial position. Two comprehension experiments were conducted to investigate whether the type of referring expression and topic status influences the comprehension of non-canonical transitive sentences in four- and five-year-olds. In the first experiment, the topic status of the one of the sentential arguments was established via a preceding context sentence, and in the second experiment, the type of referring expression for the sentential arguments was additionally manipulated by using either a full lexical noun phrase (NP) or a personal pronoun. The results demonstrate that children’s comprehension of non-canonical sentences improved when the topic argument was realized as a personal pronoun and this improvement was independent of the grammatical role of the arguments. However, children’s comprehension was not improved when the topic argument was realized as a lexical NP. In sum, the results of both production and comprehension studies support the view that referring expressions may be seen as a sentence-level cue to word order and to the information status of the sentential arguments. The results highlight the important role of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation and indicate that the production-comprehension asymmetry is reduced when the type of referring expression is considered. --- Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertation wurde der Einfluss des referierenden Ausdrucks auf den Erwerb von Wortstellungsvariationen bei deutschsprachigen Vorschulkindern untersucht. Eine zentrale Fragestellung im Spracherwerb betrifft die Asymmetrie zwischen Produktion und Verständnis. Diese Asymmetrie ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sechsjährige Kinder oft Schwierigkeiten haben, Sätze in der nicht-kanonischen Wortstellung, z.B. „Den Affen fängt die Kuh.“, zu verstehen (z.B., Dittmar et al., 2008), obwohl bereits Dreijährige nicht-kanonische Sätze produzieren können (z.B., Poeppel & Wexler, 1993; Weissenborn, 1990). Um diese Asymmetrie zu untersuchen wurde in der Dissertation die Produktion und das Verständnis von nicht-kanonischen Sätzen betrachtet. In drei Korpusstudien wurde der Einfluss von Vorerwähntheit, Topikstatus und Wahl des referierenden Ausdrucks auf die Wortstellung in der Spontansprache von Zwei- bis Vierjährigen und in der kind-gerichteten Sprache ihre Mütter analysiert. Es wurde die Position des direkten Objektes in ditransitiven Sätzen untersucht, d.h., Sätze in denen das direkte Objekt vor oder nach dem indirekten Objekt in den satzmedialen Positionen stand, und Sätze in denen es in der satzinitialen Position stand. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ähnlich Abfolgemuster in der Satzproduktion der Kindern und Erwachsenen. Die Position des direkten Objektes, vor allem in den satzmedialen Positionen, war zu einem großen Teil durch die Wahl des referierenden Ausdrucks vorhersagbar. Informationsstrukturelle Faktoren (z.B. Topikstatus) hingegen beeinflussten - unabhängig vom Einfluss des referierenden Ausdrucks - nur die Wortstellung in der satzinitialen Position. Zwei Verständnisexperimente wurden durchgeführt um den Einfluss des referierenden Ausdrucks und des Topikstatuses auf das Verständnis von nicht-kanonischen transitiven Sätzen zu untersuchen. Im ersten Experiment wurde der Topikstatus eines der beiden Satzargumente durch einen vorherigen Kontext modifiziert. Im zweiten Experiment wurde zusätzlich der referierende Ausdruck modifiziert, d.h. das Topik wurde entweder durch eine lexikalische Nominalphrase (NP) oder ein Personalpronomen realisiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass vier- und fünfjährige Kinder Sätze in der nichtkanonischen Wortstellung besser verstehen konnten, wenn das Topik als Personalpronomen realisiert wurde, unabhängig von der grammatischen Rolle des Topiks. Das Satzverständnis war jedoch nicht verbessert, wenn das Topik als lexikalische NP realisiert wurde. Zusammengefasst zeigen die Ergebnisse der Produktions- und Verständnisstudien, dass der referierende Ausdruck als Hinweis auf die Wortstellung und auf den Informationsstatus der Argumente des Satzes von den Kindern genutzt werden kann. Sie unterstreichen somit die Bedeutung der Wahl des referierenden Ausdrucks auf den Erwerb von Wortstellungsvariation und zeigen, dass die Asymmetrie zwischen Produktion und Verständnis an Bedeutung verliert, wenn der referierende Ausdruck einbezogen wird.

Advances in Language Acquisition

Author : Xenia Konstantinopoulou,Marina Lalioti,Stavroula Stavrakaki
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-16
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781443869003

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Advances in Language Acquisition by Xenia Konstantinopoulou,Marina Lalioti,Stavroula Stavrakaki Pdf

This book contains 51 chapters based on papers presented at the GALA (Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition) conference held in Thessaloniki, Greece, in 2011. It thus reflects the GALA 2011 scientific presentations and discussions and raises issues that are currently at the centre of language acquisition research. Such issues examined in this volume include first and second language acquisition and processing by children and adults; language acquisition by individuals with linguistic and/or cognitive impairment; and cross-linguistic comparisons in (a)typical language acquisition. As such, Advances in Language Acquisition constitutes a valuable reference guide for current work on the interdisciplinary research field of language acquisition.

Variation in the Input

Author : Merete Anderssen,Kristine Bentzen,Marit Westergaard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2010-09-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789048192076

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Variation in the Input by Merete Anderssen,Kristine Bentzen,Marit Westergaard Pdf

The topic of variation in language has received considerable attention in the field of general linguistics in recent years. This includes research on linguistic micro-variation that is dependent on fine distinctions in syntax and information structure. However, relatively little work has been done on how this variation is acquired. This book focuses on how different types of variation are expressed in the input and how this is acquired by young children. The collection of papers includes studies of the acquisition of variation in a number of different languages, including English, German, Greek, Italian, Korean, Norwegian, Swiss German, Ukrainian, and American Sign Language. Different kinds of linguistic variation are considered, ranging from pure word order variation to optionally doubly filled COMPs and the resolution of scopal ambiguities. In addition, papers in the volume deal with the extreme case of variation found in bilingual acquisition.

The Acquisition of Word Order

Author : Marit Richardsen Westergaard
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027255280

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The Acquisition of Word Order by Marit Richardsen Westergaard Pdf

Within a new model of language acquisition, this book discusses verb second (V2) word order in situations where there is variation in the input. While traditional generative accounts consider V2 to be a parameter, this study shows that, in many languages, this word order is dependent on fine distinctions in syntax and information structure. Thus, within a split-CP model of clause structure, a number of "micro-cues" are formulated, taking into account the specific context for V2 vs. non-V2 (clause type, subcategory of the elements involved, etc.). The micro-cues are produced in children s I-language grammars on exposure to the relevant input. Focusing on a dialect of Norwegian, the book shows that children generally produce target-consistent V2 and non-V2 from early on, indicating that they are sensitive to the micro-cues. This includes contexts where word order is dependent on information structure. The children s occasional non-target-consistent behavior is accounted for by economy principles."

The Oxford Handbook of Information Structure

Author : Caroline Féry,Shinichiro Ishihara
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2016-08-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191005411

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The Oxford Handbook of Information Structure by Caroline Féry,Shinichiro Ishihara Pdf

This book provides linguists with a clear, critical, and comprehensive overview of theoretical and experimental work on information structure. Leading researchers survey the main theories of information structure in syntax, phonology, and semantics as well as perspectives from psycholinguistics and other relevant fields. Following the editors' introduction the book is divided into four parts. The first, on theories of and theoretical perspectives on information structure, includes chapters on focus, topic, and givenness. Part 2 covers a range of current issues in the field, including quantification, dislocation, and intonation, while Part 3 is concerned with experimental approaches to information structure, including language processing and acquisition. The final part contains a series of linguistic case studies drawn from a wide variety of the world's language families. This volume will be the standard guide to current work in information structure and a major point of departure for future research.

Acquisition of Second Language Syntax

Author : Susan Braidi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781000161489

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Acquisition of Second Language Syntax by Susan Braidi Pdf

This book deals with the questions asked about the L2 acquisition process within different research paradigms, examines the results found in each approach, and evaluates the contributions of each to our understanding of L2 acquisition of syntax and to possible implications for L2 instruction.

The Processing and Acquisition of Reference

Author : Edward Gibson,Neal J. Pearlmutter
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262015127

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The Processing and Acquisition of Reference by Edward Gibson,Neal J. Pearlmutter Pdf

This book brings together contributions by prominent researchers in the fields of language processing and language acquisition on topics of common interest: how people refer to objects in the world, how people comprehend such referential expressions, and how children acquire the ability to refer and to understand reference.

The Role of Processing Complexity in Word Order Variation and Change

Author : Harry Joel Tily
Publisher : Stanford University
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:sr587rm2997

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The Role of Processing Complexity in Word Order Variation and Change by Harry Joel Tily Pdf

All normal humans have the same basic cognitive capacity for language. Nevertheless, the world's languages differ in the kind and number of grammatical options they give their speakers to express themselves with. Sometimes, a language's grammatical constructions may differ in how easy they are for comprehenders to process or how readily speakers will choose them. It has been observed that languages which allow more difficult constructions also tend to allow easier ones, and when a language only allows one option, it tends to allow the easiest to process. This correlation is intuitive: languages tend to give their speakers options that they find easy to use. However, the causal process that underlies it is not well understood. How did the world's languages come to have this convenient property? In this dissertation, I discuss a family of evolutionary models of language change in which processing-efficient variants tend to be selected more frequently, and hence over time have the potential to displace less efficient variants, pushing them out of the language. I begin by showing that a psycholinguistic theory, dependency length minimization, accounts for word ordering preferences in data taken from Old and Middle English just as it does in Present Day English. I then discuss computer simulations of a model of language change which implements this bias, predicting observed word order changes in English. Finally, I present experimental studies of online comprehension in Japanese which not only display evidence for the dependency length bias, but also suggest that comprehenders encode it as part of their knowledge about language, using it to help understand the sentences they receive from their peers.

Word Order and Scrambling

Author : Simin Karimi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780470758250

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Word Order and Scrambling by Simin Karimi Pdf

Word Order and Scrambling introduces readers to recent research into the linguistic phenomenon called scrambling and is a valuable contribution to the fields of theoretical linguistics, psycholinguistics, and applied linguistics. Introduces readers to recent research into the linguistic phenomenon called scrambling, or free word order. Explores major issues including factors responsible for word order variations, how scrambled constructions are processed, and whether variations are available in early child language development and in second language acquisition. Discusses a number of typologically diverse languages including Hindi, Japanese, and Navajo. Provides enlightening information on different aspects of word order variation and the consequences for our understanding of the nature of human language.

The Acquisition of Referring Expressions

Author : Anne Salazar-Orvig,Geneviève de Weck,Rouba Hassan,Annie Rialland
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027260222

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The Acquisition of Referring Expressions by Anne Salazar-Orvig,Geneviève de Weck,Rouba Hassan,Annie Rialland Pdf

This book describes the repertoire and uses of referring expressions by French-speaking children and their interlocutors in naturally occurring dialogues at home and at school, in a wide range of communicative situations and activities. Through the lens of an interactionist and dialogical perspective, it highlights the interaction between the formal aspects of the acquisition of grammatical morphemes, the discourse-pragmatic dimension, and socio-discursive, interactional and dialogical factors. Drawing on this multidimensional theoretical and methodological framework, the first part of the book deals with the relation between reference and grammar, while the second part is devoted to the role of the communicative experience. Progressively, a set of arguments is brought out in favor of a dialogical and interactionist account of children’s referential development. This theoretical stance is further discussed in relation to other approaches of reference acquisition. Thus, this volume provides researchers and students with new perspectives and methods for the study of referring expressions in children.

Variation Omnibus

Author : David Sankoff,Henrietta Cedergren
Publisher : Carbondale (Ill.] ; Edmonton : Linguistic Research
Page : 626 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : English language
ISBN : UOM:39015001198632

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Variation Omnibus by David Sankoff,Henrietta Cedergren Pdf

Syntactic Structures

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783112316009

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Syntactic Structures by Noam Chomsky Pdf

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The Acquisition of Reference

Author : Ludovica Serratrice,Shanley E.M. Allen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027267894

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The Acquisition of Reference by Ludovica Serratrice,Shanley E.M. Allen Pdf

Referring to entities is one of the key functions of language; learning to understand and use the relevant referential expressions is one of children’s major linguistic achievements. The 13 chapters of this volume bring together a wealth of information on the acquisition of referential processes in infants, pre-schoolers and school-age children drawing on data from more than 25 languages ranging from Italian to Inuktitut, and from Norwegian to Turkish. This book presents the state-of-the-art of corpus and experimental research on the acquisition of reference. The breadth of aspects of referential acquisition will make the volume appealing to a wide audience of researchers, including linguists and psycholinguists working on phonological, morpho-syntactic, and discourse-pragmatic aspects of language development. The cross-linguistic perspective adopted by several of the contributors will be of particular interest to researchers investigating the relevance of typological differences. The state-of-the-art approach makes the research accessible to specialist and non-specialist researchers alike, and will provide an invaluable resource for graduate-level courses.

An Introduction to Language and Linguistics

Author : Ralph Fasold,Jeffrey Connor-Linton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2006-03-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780521847681

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An Introduction to Language and Linguistics by Ralph Fasold,Jeffrey Connor-Linton Pdf

This accessible textbook offers balanced and uniformly excellent coverage of modern linguistics.

The Acquisition of Dutch

Author : Steven Gillis,Annick De Houwer
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1998-05-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027285553

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The Acquisition of Dutch by Steven Gillis,Annick De Houwer Pdf

In the present-day context of cross-linguistic perspectives on language acquisition, The Acquisition of Dutch offers a much needed overview of the wealth of Dutch child language research that was hitherto lacking. Its comprehensive coverage in terms of topics, its many new theoretical contributions and its focus on providing a solid basis for cross-linguistic comparisons will be of interest to linguists and psycholinguists studying child language everywhere.The volume consists of four thematic chapters preceded by an introductory overview. The thematic chapters cover early speech development in the first year of life, the acquisition of phonology, the lexicon and syntax. The consolidated list of references cover most of the work on Dutch child language in the last few decades.