Industrial Tree Plantations And The Land Rush In China

Author : Yunan Xu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000042252

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Industrial Tree Plantations and the Land Rush in China by Yunan Xu Pdf

This book analyses the political and economic causes, mechanisms and impacts of the industrial tree plantation boom in China. In the past two decades, the industrial tree plantation sector has been expanding rapidly in China, especially in Guangxi Province. Based on extensive primary data, this book concentrates on the political economy of the sector’s expansion with a focus on the recent and dramatic agrarian transformation involving the land-labour nexus, the impact on villagers’ livelihoods, the role of the state, and political reactions from below. The book questions the stereotypical portrayal of local communities as the excluded villager. Instead, it demonstrates that this is a much more complex issue with varying levels of passive and active forms of inclusion and exclusion within local communities. While most literature focuses on crop booms for food and biofuel production the industrial plantation sector has largely been overlooked, despite it being one of the biggest sectors in the current rush for land. Filling this lacuna, this book also reveals that while China has traditionally been painted as a major land grabber and consumer of crop booms it is also a destination of foreign investment. In doing so the book highlights how large-scale foreign land deals can also take place in traditional ‘grabber’ countries like China which feeds into the wider debates about global land politics and resource grabbing. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of land grabbing, rural development and agrarian transformations, as well as Chinese development.

Author : Ricardo Carriere,Larry Lohmann
Publisher : Zed Books
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1996-08-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1856494381

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Pulping the South by Ricardo Carriere,Larry Lohmann Pdf

The expansion of the pulp and paper industry is one of the most important causes of land and water conflicts in the South. This book examines the threat to livelihood, soil and biodiversity generated by large-scale pulpwood plantations in the South.

Author : Andreas Neef,Chanrith Ngin,Tsegaye Moreda,Sharlene Mollett
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000902372

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Routledge Handbook of Global Land and Resource Grabbing by Andreas Neef,Chanrith Ngin,Tsegaye Moreda,Sharlene Mollett Pdf

This handbook provides a cutting-edge, comprehensive overview of global land and resource grabbing. Global land and resource grabbing has become an increasingly prominent topic in academic circles, among development practitioners, human rights advocates, and in policy arenas. The Routledge Handbook of Global Land and Resource Grabbing sustains this intellectual momentum by advancing methodological, theoretical and empirical insights. It presents and discusses resource grabbing research in a holistic manner by addressing how the rush for land and other natural resources, including water, forests and minerals, is intertwined with agriculture, mining, tourism, energy, biodiversity conservation, climate change, carbon markets, and conflict. The handbook is truly global and interdisciplinary, with case studies from the Global South and Global North, and chapter contributions from practitioners, activists and academics, with emerging and Indigenous authors featuring strongly across the chapters. The handbook will be essential reading for students and scholars interested in land and resource grabbing, agrarian studies, development studies, critical human geography, global studies and natural resource governance. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Author : Andreas Neef
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000381559

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Tourism, Land Grabs and Displacement by Andreas Neef Pdf

This book examines the global scope of tourism-related grabbing of land and other natural resources. Tourism is often presented as a peaceful and benevolent sector that brings people from different cultural backgrounds together and contributes to employment, poverty alleviation, and global sustainable development. This book sheds light on the lesser known and much darker side of tourism as it unfolds in the Global South. While there is no doubt that tourism has been an engine of economic growth for many so-called developing countries, this has often come at the cost of widespread dispossession and displacement of Indigenous and non-indigenous communities. In many countries of the Global South, tourism development is increasingly prioritised by governments, businesses, international financial institutions and donors over the legitimate land and resource rights of local people. This book examines the actors, drivers, mechanisms, discourses and impacts of tourism-related land grabbing and displacement, drawing on more than thirty case studies from Latin America and the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, the Middle East and the Southwest Pacific. The book provides solid grounds for an informed debate on how different actors are responsible for the adverse impacts of tourism on land rights infringements, what forms of resistance have been deployed against tourism-related land grabs and displacement, and how those who have violated local land and resource rights can be held accountable. Tourism, Land Grabs and Displacement will be essential reading for students and scholars of land and resource grabbing, tourism studies, development studies and sustainable development more broadly, as well as policymakers and practitioners working in those fields.

Author : Jacobo Grajales
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-16
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781000398748

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Agrarian Capitalism, War and Peace in Colombia by Jacobo Grajales Pdf

Based on extensive research conducted in Colombia since 2009, this book addresses the connection between land grabbing and agrarian capitalism, as well as the unfulfilled promises of peace and justice. While land remains a key resource at the core of many contemporary civil wars, the impact of high-intensity armed violence on the formation of agrarian capitalism is seldom discussed. Drawing on nearly 200 interviews, archival research, and geographical data, this book examines land grabbing and the role of violence in capital with a particular focus on one key actor in the Colombian civil war: paramilitary militias. This book demonstrates how the intricate ties between armed conflict and economy formation are obscured by the widespread belief that violence is a radical form of action, breaking with the normal course of society and disconnected from the legal economy. Under this view, dispossession is perceived as diametrically opposed to capitalist accumulation. This belief is enormously influential in precisely those bureaucratic agencies that are in charge of peacebuilding, both domestically and internationally. However, this narrow view of the relationship between armed violence and capitalism belies the close ties between plunder and lawful profit, and obscures the continuity between violent dispossession and the free market. By the same token, it legitimizes post-war inequality in the name of capitalist development. The book concludes by arguing that the promotion of radical democracy in the government of land and rural development emerges as the only reasonable path for pacifying a violent polity. The book is essential reading for students, scholars, and development aid practitioners interested in land and resource grabbing, agrarian capitalism, civil wars, and conflict resolution.

Author : Andreas Exner,Sarah Kumnig,Stephan Hochleithner
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000337143

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Capitalism and the Commons by Andreas Exner,Sarah Kumnig,Stephan Hochleithner Pdf

Capitalism and the Commons focuses on the political and social perspectives that commons offer, how they are appropriated or suppressed by capital and state, and how social initiatives and movements contest these dynamics or build their struggles on commoning. The volume comprises theoretical and empirical approaches that engage with three main themes: conceptualizing the commons, analyzing practices of commoning, and exploring commons politics. In their contributions, the authors focus on the development of anti-capitalist commons and explore the issue of practice and politics through case studies from Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, and Africa more broadly, Austria, Germany and South Korea, ranging from peri-urban and rural agriculture to urban commons and how they manifest in the Global South as well as in the Global North. The book engages with different discourses on the commons in regard to their relevance for social change and thereby reinvigorates the political meaning of the commons. It provides an original and important approach to the topic in terms of conceptualization, detailing diverse empirical realities, and analyzing potential perspectives. In so doing, the book transcends narrow disciplinary boundaries and expands the focus to the global. Providing a fresh perspective on the commons as a decisive component of alternatives, this title will be relevant to scholars and students of resource management, social movements, and sustainable development more broadly.

Author : Ian Scoones,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Amita Baviskar,Marc Edelman,Nancy Lee Peluso,Wendy Wolford
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 812 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-11-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781040013380

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Climate Change and Critical Agrarian Studies by Ian Scoones,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Amita Baviskar,Marc Edelman,Nancy Lee Peluso,Wendy Wolford Pdf

Climate change is perhaps the greatest threat to humanity today and plays out as a cruel engine of myriad forms of injustice, violence and destruction. The effects of climate change from human-made emissions of greenhouse gases are devastating and accelerating; yet are uncertain and uneven both in terms of geography and socio-economic impacts. Emerging from the dynamics of capitalism since the industrial revolution — as well as industrialisation under state-led socialism — the consequences of climate change are especially profound for the countryside and its inhabitants. The book interrogates the narratives and strategies that frame climate change and examines the institutionalised responses in agrarian settings, highlighting what exclusions and inclusions result. It explores how different people — in relation to class and other co-constituted axes of social difference such as gender, race, ethnicity, age and occupation — are affected by climate change, as well as the climate adaptation and mitigation responses being implemented in rural areas. The book in turn explores how climate change – and the responses to it - affect processes of social differentiation, trajectories of accumulation and in turn agrarian politics. Finally, the book examines what strategies are required to confront climate change, and the underlying political-economic dynamics that cause it, reflecting on what this means for agrarian struggles across the world. The 26 chapters in this volume explore how the relationship between capitalism and climate change plays out in the rural world and, in particular, the way agrarian struggles connect with the huge challenge of climate change. Through a huge variety of case studies alongside more conceptual chapters, the book makes the often-missing connection between climate change and critical agrarian studies. The book argues that making the connection between climate and agrarian justice is crucial. The chapters in this book were originally published in The Journal of Peasant Studies.

Author : Gustavo de L. T. Oliveira,Juan Liu,Ben M. McKay
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000478440

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Beyond the Global Land Grab by Gustavo de L. T. Oliveira,Juan Liu,Ben M. McKay Pdf

The conjunction of climate, food, and financial crises in the late 2000s triggered renewed interest in farmland and agribusiness investments around the world. This phenomenon became known as the "global land grab", and sparked vibrant debates among social movements, NGOs, international development agencies and various government agencies and academics worldwide. This book addresses four key areas that are moving the debate "beyond land grabs". These include the role of contract farming and differentiation among farm workers in the consolidation of farmland; the broader forms of dispossession and mechanisms of control and value grabbing beyond "classic" land grabs for agricultural production; discourses about, and responses to, Chinese agribusiness investments abroad; and the relationship between financialization and land grabbing. The chapters in this edited volume propose new directions to deepen and even transform the research agenda on land struggles and agro-industrial restructuring around the world. This book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers interested in development studies, agrarian changes and land struggles. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal, Globalizations.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251353073

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Understanding the impact of planted forest on smallholder livestock farmers and their livelihoods in the Greater Mekong Subregion by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Significant forest change in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) has resulted in deforestation of primary forests and expansion of plantation forests. Although plantation forest development benefits rural communities through income generation and employment opportunities, there have been negative impacts, including reductions in livestock grazing land and collection of non-timber forest products. This study analysed the association between primary forests, plantation forests, grazing areas and large ruminant populations in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam. The report showed that livestock populations in the GMS are dynamic and have been under pressure due to enhanced trade and demand in red meat in China and Viet Nam, with a generally positive association between planted forest areas and populations of cattle and buffalo in Lao PDR and Viet Nam indicated. Tree plantations were an important source of income and generally perceived as having a positive impact on rural livelihoods, despite negatively impacts in grazing land availability. It is recommended that integrative approaches that include the collection of household level data to assess the impact on smallholder livelihoods and the collection of regional level data to capture forest changes in future forest assessments, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the association between primary forests and planted forest on smallholder livestock production. Silvopastoral models have the potential to provide more viable and sustainable alternatives to the current forestry and livestock production models, supporting the transformation to more sustainable agriculture for better production, better environment, and sustainable development goals in GMS countries and beyond.

Author : Tsegaye Moreda,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Alberto Alonso-Fradejas,Zoe W. Brent
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781000048193

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Converging Social Justice Issues and Movements by Tsegaye Moreda,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Alberto Alonso-Fradejas,Zoe W. Brent Pdf

Converging Social Justice Issues and Movements argues that multiple contemporary converging crises have significantly altered the context for and object of political contestations around agrarian, climate, environmental and food justice issues. This shift affects alliances, collaboration and conflict among and between state and social forces, as well as within and between social movements. The actual implications and mechanisms by which these changes are happening are, to a large extent, empirical questions that need careful investigation. The majority of the discussions in this volume are dedicated to the issue of responses to the crises both by capitalist forces and those adversely affected by the crises, and the implications of these for academic research and political activist work. Interdisciplinary in nature, Converging Social Justice Issues and Movements will be of great use to scholars of agrarian politics, as well as climate and environmental justice studies. The chapters were originally published as a special issue in Third World Quarterly.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Responsible Research
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Foresty in Asia - Issues for Responsible Investors by Anonim Pdf

Author : Guillaume Lestrelin,Michael Trockenbrodt,Khamla Phanvilay,Sithong Thongmanivong,Thoumthone Vongvisouk,Pham Thu Thuy,Jean-Christophe Castella
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Deforestation
ISBN : 9786021504123

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The context of REDD+ in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Drivers, agents and institutions by Guillaume Lestrelin,Michael Trockenbrodt,Khamla Phanvilay,Sithong Thongmanivong,Thoumthone Vongvisouk,Pham Thu Thuy,Jean-Christophe Castella Pdf

This report explores the drivers (both direct and indirect) of deforestation and forest degradation and discusses the political, economic and social opportunities and constraints that will influence the design and implementation of REDD+ in Laos. The government of Laos has long sought to curb deforestation and forest degradation, and the country is receiving considerable international attention and support to implement REDD+. However, agricultural expansion, the development of industrial tree plantations, and large hydropower, mining and infrastructure projects continue to result in deforestation, with shifting cultivation and selective logging (legal and illegal) largely blamed for forest degradation. At the same time, indirect drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are rooted in a national agenda of economic growth, characterized by incentives for foreign and domestic investment in forest management and timber harvesting. As a result, Laos is becoming an important resource frontier for transnational capital and large-scale land and natural resource investments. The consequent intensification of competition for resources poses a challenge not only for forest governance, but also for the development of REDD+ policies and initiatives. In an examination of the institutions and policies defining Laos’ forestry sector and REDD+, the report reflects on lessons to be learned from past forestry and economic development policies. The government of Laos has demonstrated strong political interest in REDD+, but REDD+ implementation faces major obstacles, particularly unclear carbon rights and weak governance, with the latter attributable to poor local capacity, weak coordination among stakeholders, and minimal involvement by local communities and civil society. The report makes several recommendations for achieving effective, efficient and equitable outcomes of REDD+ in Laos: capacity building of administrative and technical staff, especially at the subnational level; clarification and harmonization of land-use planning and land allocation processes; and stronger monitoring and law enforcement in areas under high threat of deforestation and forest degradation. Furthermore, an accountable and transparent mechanism for sharing the benefits of REDD+ across levels and fully accountable consultation processes must be implemented, with the participation of not only elite and powerful actors such as domestic and foreign businesses but also local groups and civil society.

Author : Ben White,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Ruth Hall,Ian Scoones,Wendy Wolford
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317976844

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The New Enclosures: Critical Perspectives on Corporate Land Deals by Ben White,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Ruth Hall,Ian Scoones,Wendy Wolford Pdf

This collection explores the complex dynamics of corporate land deals from a broad agrarian political economy perspective, with a special focus on the implications for property and labour regimes, labour processes and structures of accumulation. This involves looking at ways in which existing patterns of rural social differentiation – in terms of class, gender, ethnicity and generation – are being shaped by changes in land use and property relations, as well as by the re-organization of production and exchange as rural communities and resources are incorporated into global commodity chains. It goes further than the descriptive ‘what’ and ‘who’ questions, in order to understand the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of these patterns. It is empirically solid and theoretically sophisticated, making it a robust and boundary-changing work. Contributors come from various scholarly disciplines. Covering nearly all regions of the world, the collection will be of interest to researchers from various disciplines, policymakers and activists. This book was originally published as a Special Issue of the Journal of Peasant Studies.

Author : N. Menzies
Publisher : Springer
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1994-09-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780230372870

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Forest and Land Management in Imperial China by N. Menzies Pdf

Although China is generally considered to have suffered continuous deforestation over most of its history, forests were protected or even planted and maintained for centuries in some places. This study identifies six such cases. It uses historical evidence to show that individuals and communities act to manage resources sustainably for a number of reasons including economic benefit, religious or symbolic purposes, and that sustainability of the management system depends on the form of control exerted over the resource.

Author : Christian Cossalter,Charlie Pye-Smith
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2003-08-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789793361635

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Fast-wood Forestry: Myths and Realities by Christian Cossalter,Charlie Pye-Smith Pdf

A brief history of plantations. Environmental issues. Plantations and biodiversity. Water matters. Plantations and the soil. Pests: plantations' achilles' heel? Genetically modified trees: opportunity or treath? Plantations and global warming. Social issues. Employement: a contested balance sheet. Land tenure and conflict. Economic issues. Spiralling demand. Incentives and subsidies. Economies of scale. Costing the earth.