Innate Tolerance In The Cns

Author : Springer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 712 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-22
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1441996966

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Innate Tolerance in the CNS by Springer Pdf

Author : Jeffrey M. Gidday,Miguel A. Perez-Pinzon,John H. Zhang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 685 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441996954

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Innate Tolerance in the CNS by Jeffrey M. Gidday,Miguel A. Perez-Pinzon,John H. Zhang Pdf

Cerebral preconditioning is a phenomenon wherein a mild insult or stress induces cellular and tissue adaptation or tolerance to a later, severe injury, therefore reflecting the efficacy of endogenous mechanisms of cerebrovascular protection. Initially identified for rapid cardiac protection, preconditioning has expanded to all aspects of CNS protection from ischemia, trauma and potentially neurodegeneration. Many different stimuli or stressors have been identified as preconditioning agents, suggesting a downstream convergence of mechanisms and underscoring the potential for translational application of preconditioning in the clinic. Moreover, the fundamental mechanisms responsible for preconditioning-induced tolerance will help in the design novel pharmacological approaches for neuroprotection. While stroke and many other brain injuries are not predictable, in some populations (e.g., metabolic syndrome, patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, aneurysm clipping, or with recent TIAs) the risk for stroke is identifiable and significant, and preconditioning may represent a useful strategy for neuroprotection. For unpredictable injuries, post-conditioning the brain – or inducing endogenous protective mechanisms after the initial injury – can also abrogate the extent of injury. Finally, remote pre- and post-conditioning methods have been developed in animals, and are now being tested in clinical trials, wherein a brief, noninjurious stress to a noncerebral tissue (i.e., skeletal muscle) can provide protection to the CNS and thereby allows clinicians the opportunity to circumvent concerns regarding the direct preconditioning of neurological tissues.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2002-01-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309082587

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Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research Pdf

This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.

Author : Payam Behzadi
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-08-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781789848588

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Cytokines by Payam Behzadi Pdf

The human immune system is a complicated biological network that employs a collection of cells, molecules, and proteins. Cytokines play an important role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune systems by different receptors and signaling pathways. As such, they are also implicated in the occurrence of different disorders and diseases. This book presents a comprehensive overview of immunology, the immune system, and cytokines. Chapters cover such topics as the role and importance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the human body, the association of cytokines with different disorders and diseases, and the role of cytokines in dentistry.

Author : Kenneth Murphy,Paul Travers,Mark Walport,Peter Walter
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0815344570

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Janeway's Immunobiology by Kenneth Murphy,Paul Travers,Mark Walport,Peter Walter Pdf

The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Author : Tim Vanmierlo,Bieke Broux,Jack Van Horssen,Niels Hellings
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889660070

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Neuro-Immune Connections to Enable Repair in CNS Disorders by Tim Vanmierlo,Bieke Broux,Jack Van Horssen,Niels Hellings Pdf

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Author : Richard A. Deitrich,V. Gene Erwin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1995-12-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0849383897

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Pharmacological Effects of Ethanol on the Nervous System by Richard A. Deitrich,V. Gene Erwin Pdf

This book dissects the effects of ethanol on the major neurotransmitter systems affected by ethanol and correlates these actions with the behavioral consequences. The subject is approached first from the perspective of the neurochemical system and the behaviors resulting from ethanol's effects on that system. The behaviors themselves are discussed in later chapters. Some older theories of the effects of ethanol such as the membrane fluidization hypothesis are evaluated in light of new and updated information. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) as well as the structural damage in the brain by long term ethanol exposure are also discussed.

Author : Andrea DiMartini
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015-04-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118887301

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Alcohol Abuse and Liver Disease by Andrea DiMartini Pdf

For people with alcohol excess and liver disease, successful management must be two-fold with management of both their psychological/physical addiction to alcohol and their liver disease. Alcohol Abuse and liver disease, with its joint focus on hepatology and psychiatry, provides both hepatologists and psychiatrists of all levels with a practical, concise and didactic guide to the investigation and clinical management of those with alcohol-related problems. Edited by a practicing hepatologist in the UK and a practising specialist in psychiatry/substance abuse in the US, it covers areas such as: • Risk factors for alcoholic liver disease • Interaction of alcohol with other co-morbidities • Clinical assessment of alcohol intake • Detoxification and management of withdrawal • Psychotherapeutic and pharmaceutical interventions • Treatment of liver disease Key points, management diagrams and high-quality images are all be supported by the very latest in clinical guidelines from the major hepatology and psychiatry societies such as the APA, EPA, AASLD and EASL. With increasing emphasis on multi-disciplinary speciality care in this area, this is the ideal tool to consult in order to provide the best care possible care for what are very challenging patients to manage.

Author : Hiroaki Naritomi,D. W. Krieger
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318023084

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Clinical Recovery from CNS Damage by Hiroaki Naritomi,D. W. Krieger Pdf

A compilation of innovative findings and new directions in neurological recovery After decades of focusing on how to alleviate and prevent recurrence of acute CNS injuries, the emphasis has finally shifted towards repairing such devastating events and rehabilitation. This development has been made possible by substantial progress in understanding the scientific underpinnings of recovery as well as by novel diagnostic tools, and most importantly, by emerging therapies awaiting clinical trials. In this publication, several international experts introduce novel areas of neurological reorganization and repair following CNS damage. Principles and methods to monitor and augment neuroplasticity are explored in depth and supplemented by a critical appraisal of neurological repair mechanisms and possibilities to curtail disability using computer or robotic interfaces. Rather than providing a textbook approach of CNS restoration, the editors selected topics where progress is most imminent in this labyrinthine domain of medicine. Moreover, the varied background and origins of the contributors lend this book a truly global perspective on the current state of affairs in neurological recovery.

Author : Natalia N Nalivaeva,Elena A Rybnikova
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889631179

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Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia: New Insights Into Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection by Natalia N Nalivaeva,Elena A Rybnikova Pdf

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 3161 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080921525

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Encyclopedia of Immunobiology by Anonim Pdf

Encyclopedia of Immunobiology, Five Volume Set provides the largest integrated source of immunological knowledge currently available. It consists of broad ranging, validated summaries on all of the major topics in the field as written by a team of leading experts. The large number of topics covered is relevant to a wide range of scientists working on experimental and clinical immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, genetics, veterinary science, physiology, and hematology. The book is built in thematic sections that allow readers to rapidly navigate around related content. Specific sections focus on basic, applied, and clinical immunology. The structure of each section helps readers from a range of backgrounds gain important understanding of the subject. Contains tables, pictures, and multimedia features that enhance the learning process In-depth coverage allows readers from a range of backgrounds to benefit from the material Provides handy cross-referencing between articles to improve readability, including easy access from portable devices

Author : Antonio Noronha,Changhai Cui,Robert Adron Harris,John C. Crabbe
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 573 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780124071551

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Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence by Antonio Noronha,Changhai Cui,Robert Adron Harris,John C. Crabbe Pdf

Recent scientific advances have provided substantial information on the brain circuits and pathways relevant to various aspects of dependence. Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence highlights the most recent data at the molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels, fostering an understanding how neuroplasticity and neuroadaptation occur, and how different neural pathways and neurocircuits contribute to dependence. Highlights recent advances in understanding alcohol addiction from molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels Integrates several emerging areas of research and discusses the application of novel research techniques to the understanding of alcohol dependence Chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe — the broadest, most expert coverage available

Author : Edith V. Sullivan,Adolf Pfefferbaum
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 703 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444626226

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Alcohol and the Nervous System by Edith V. Sullivan,Adolf Pfefferbaum Pdf

Alcohol is the most widely used drug in the world, yet alcoholism remains a serious addiction affecting nearly 20 million Americans. Our current understanding of alcohol's effect on brain structure and related functional damage is being revolutionized by genetic research, basic neuroscience, brain imaging science, and systematic study of cognitive, sensory, and motor abilities. Volume 125 of the Handbook of Clinical Neurology is a comprehensive, in-depth treatise of studies on alcohol and the brain covering the basic understanding of alcohol's effect on the central nervous system, the diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism, and prospect for recovery. The chapters within will be of interest to clinical neurologists, neuropsychologists, and researchers in all facets and levels of the neuroscience of alcohol and alcoholism. The first focused reference specifically on alcohol and the brain Details our current understanding of how alcohol impacts the central nervous system Covers clinical and social impact of alcohol abuse disorders and the biomedical consequences of alcohol abuse Includes section on neuroimaging of neurochemical markers and brain function

Author : Charles N. Serhan,Peter A. Ward,Derek W. Gilroy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010-04-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521887298

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Fundamentals of Inflammation by Charles N. Serhan,Peter A. Ward,Derek W. Gilroy Pdf

The acute inflammatory response is the body's first system of alarm signals that are directed toward containment and elimination of microbial invaders. Uncontrolled inflammation has emerged as a pathophysiologic basis for many widely occurring diseases in the general population. This book provides an introduction to the cell types, chemical mediators, and general mechanisms of the host's first response to invasion.

Author : Harald Kropshofer,Anne B. Vogt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 651 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2006-05-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527606986

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Antigen Presenting Cells by Harald Kropshofer,Anne B. Vogt Pdf

This novel, multidisciplinary handbook highlights recent evidence that antigen presenting cells (APCs) are not only key players in the initiation or prevention of an antigen-specific T lymphocyte-mediated adaptive immune response, but also critical regulators and integrators in the interplay between our innate and adaptive immune system. Structured in a clear way to allow access to a very broad readership, the book is written from the viewpoint of a biochemist, immunologist, and scientist with experience in drug development. It covers all cell types involved in antigen presentation, providing the latest immunological facts with a focus on drug development. Backed by a glossary explaining all important technical terms, this short but comprehensive reference covers basic introductory aspects right up to details for advanced specialists.