Interactions Of C N P And S Biogeochemical Cycles And Global Change

Author : Roland Wollast,Fred T. Mackenzie,Lei Chou
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642760648

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Interactions of C, N, P and S Biogeochemical Cycles and Global Change by Roland Wollast,Fred T. Mackenzie,Lei Chou Pdf

This book is a natural extension of the SCOPE (Scientific Committee of Problems on the Environment) volumes on the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) biogeochemical cycles and their interactions (Likens, 1981; Bolin and Cook, 1983). Substantial progress in the knowledge of these cycles has been made since publication of those volumes. In particular, the nature and extent of biological and inorganic interactions between these cycles have been identified, positive and negative feedbacks recognized and the relationship between the cycles and global environmental change preliminarily elucidated. In March 1991, a NATO Advanced Research Workshop was held for one week in Melreux, Belgium to reexamine the biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and S on a variety of time and space scales from a holistic point of view. This book is the result of that workshop. The biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and S are intimately tied to each other through biological productivity and subsequently to problems of global environmental change. These problems may be the most challenging facing humanity in the 21 st century. In the broadest sense, "global change" encompasses both changes to the status of the large, globally connected atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial environments (e. g. tropospheric temperature increase) and change occurring as the result of nearly simultaneous local changes in many regions of the world (e. g. eutrophication).

Author : Jerry M. Melillo,Christopher B. Field,Bedřich Moldan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Biogeochemical cycles
ISBN : UOM:39015058208615

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Interactions of the Major Biogeochemical Cycles by Jerry M. Melillo,Christopher B. Field,Bedřich Moldan Pdf

Table of contents

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1612 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Law
ISBN : PSU:000044859121

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Fiscal Year 2001 Budget Authorization Request by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment Pdf

Author : Robert W. Howarth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400917767

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Nitrogen Cycling in the North Atlantic Ocean and its Watersheds by Robert W. Howarth Pdf

Human activity has dramatically altered the global nitrogen cycle in recent decades. These changes are not evenly distributed around the world; rather, they are greatest in regions of significant industrial and agricultural activity, as the synthesis and use of inorganic fertilizers, cultivation of legumes, burning of fossil fuels, and the simple act of concentrating humans and animals in dense populations all lead to the release of excess, reactive forms of nitrogen into the environment. In part because reactive nitrogen is frequently a limiting nutrient in many terrestrial and aquatic systems, an excess can lead to a variety of adverse effects on both environmental and human health. The North Atlantic Ocean and its contributing watersheds constitute a region which has seen perhaps the greatest increase in anthropogenically-derived nitrogen. In May of 1994, the International Scope Nitrogen Project, with funding from the Andrew Mellon Foundation, the United Nations Environment Program, and the World Meteorological Organization, sponsored a workshop held on Block Island, RI, USA, entitled `Nitrogen Dynamics of the North Atlantic Basin'. More than 50 scientists from 12 different countries convened with a unique set of goals: an integrated and comprehensive estimate of the current nitrogen cycle of the ocean, coastal systems, and contributing watersheds of the North Atlantic region; an analysis of human-induced changes to those cycles; and an assessment of the current and future effects of human-induced changes to nitrogen cycling throughout the globe.

Author : National Research Council,Policy Division,Board on Sustainable Development,Committee on Global Change Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 622 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1999-10-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309064200

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Global Environmental Change by National Research Council,Policy Division,Board on Sustainable Development,Committee on Global Change Research Pdf

How can we understand and rise to the environmental challenges of global change? One clear answer is to understand the science of global change, not solely in terms of the processes that control changes in climate and the composition of the atmosphere, but in how ecosystems and human society interact with these changes. In the last two decades of the twentieth century, a number of such research effortsâ€"supported by computer and satellite technologyâ€"have been launched. Yet many opportunities for integration remain unexploited, and many fundamental questions remain about the earth's capacity to support a growing human population. This volume encourages a renewed commitment to understanding global change and sets a direction for research in the decade ahead. Through case studies the book explores what can be learned from the lessons of the past 20 years and what are the outstanding scientific questions. Highlights include: Research imperatives and strategies for investigators in the areas of atmospheric chemistry, climate, ecosystem studies, and human dimensions of global change. The context of climate change, including lessons to be gleaned from paleoclimatology. Human responses toâ€"and forcing ofâ€"projected global change. This book offers a comprehensive overview of global change research to date and provides a framework for answering urgent questions.

Author : Committee on Global Change Research,Policy Division,Policy and Global Affairs,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1999-09-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309517805

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Global Environmental Change by Committee on Global Change Research,Policy Division,Policy and Global Affairs,National Research Council Pdf

How can we understand and rise to the environmental challenges of global change? One clear answer is to understand the science of global change, not solely in terms of the processes that control changes in climate and the composition of the atmosphere, but in how ecosystems and human society interact with these changes. In the last two decades of the twentieth century, a number of such research efforts--supported by computer and satellite technology--have been launched. Yet many opportunities for integration remain unexploited, and many fundamental questions remain about the earth's capacity to support a growing human population. This volume encourages a renewed commitment to understanding global change and sets a direction for research in the decade ahead. Through case studies the book explores what can be learned from the lessons of the past 20 years and what are the outstanding scientific questions. Highlights include: Research imperatives and strategies for investigators in the areas of atmospheric chemistry, climate, ecosystem studies, and human dimensions of global change. The context of climate change, including lessons to be gleaned from paleoclimatology. Human responses to--and forcing of--projected global change. This book offers a comprehensive overview of global change research to date and provides a framework for answering urgent questions.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1434 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Environmental protection
ISBN : PSU:000033099545

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Fiscal Year 1999 EPA R&D Budget Authorization by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment Pdf

Author : Lennart Bengtsson,Claus U. Hammer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2001-10-29
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521782384

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Geosphere-Biosphere Interactions and Climate by Lennart Bengtsson,Claus U. Hammer Pdf

Publisher Description

Author : Josep G. Canadell,Diane E. Pataki,Louis F. Pitelka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2007-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540327301

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Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World by Josep G. Canadell,Diane E. Pataki,Louis F. Pitelka Pdf

This book examines the impacts of global change on terrestrial ecosystems. Emphasis is placed on impacts of atmospheric, climate and land use change, and the book discusses the future challenges and the scientific frameworks to address them. Finally, the book explores fundamental new research developments and the need for stronger integration of natural and human dimensions in addressing the challenge of global change.

Author : James Galloway,Jerry Melillo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1998-09-28
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521638887

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Asian Change in the Context of Global Climate Change by James Galloway,Jerry Melillo Pdf

Nearly two-thirds of the world's population live in Asia, and many countries in that region are currently undergoing very rapid industrial, agricultural and economic development. The Framework Convention on Climate Change constrains developed countries with regard to their future emissions of greenhouse gases, but recognizes the special needs of developing countries. There is growing appreciation of the ways in which developing countries in the Asian region both contribute to global changes (by altering biogeochemical pathways and cycles) and are themselves affected by those changes. This volume uses the intellectual efforts and findings of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) community to provide the first integrated analysis of the interactions between global change and Asian change, giving particular attention to China's role. The book will be of interest to readers in a wide range of academic disciplines (natural sciences and socio-economic) and for those involved in national and international policy development relevant to global change.

Author : National Research Council,Oversight Group for the Ecosystems Panel,Ecosystems Panel
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2001-01-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309071482

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Global Change Ecosystems Research by National Research Council,Oversight Group for the Ecosystems Panel,Ecosystems Panel Pdf

Research Council established the Ecosystems Panel in response to a request from the United States Global Change Research Program (USGCRP). The panel's charge included periodic reviews of the ecosystems aspects of the USGCRP, and this is the first of those reviews. It is based on information provided by the USGCRP, including Our Changing Planet (NSTC 1997 and earlier editions 1); ideas and conversations provided by participants in a workshop held in St. Michaels, Maryland, in July 1998; and the deliberations of the panel. In addition, the panel reviewed the ecosystems chapter of the NRC report Global Environmental Change: Research Pathways for the Next Decade (NRC 1999a, known as the Pathways report). The USGCRP is an interagency program established in 1989 and codified by the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (PL 101-606). The USGCRP comprises representatives of the departments of Agriculture, Commerce (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and National Institute of Standards and Technology), Defense, Energy, Health and Human Services (the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences), Interior, and State, as well as the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, the Smithsonian Institution, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Office of Management and Budget, and the intelligence community (NSTC 1997). The USGCRP's research program is described in detail in Our Changing Planet (NSTC 1997, 1999). In brief, the program focuses on four major areas of earth-system science: 1) Seasonal to interannual climate variability; 2) Climate change over decades to centuries; 3) Changes in ozone, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and atmospheric chemistry, and 4) Changes in land cover and in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The fourth topic is the area in which advice was requested from the ecosystems panel. The Ecosystems Panel's charge has three parts: to provide a forum for the discussion of questions of ecosystem science of interest to scientists in and out of the federal agencies, to periodically review the ecosystem aspects of the USGCRP's research program, and to help identify general areas of ecosystem science that need additional attention, especially areas that cut across ecosystems and levels of ecological organization. In addressing the second item of its charge for this report, the panel first identified the most significant and challenging areas in ecosystem science, then used that identification as a basis to make recommendations to the USGCRP. Thus, this report is not a detailed review of the USGCRP's program, but rather an attempt to identify those areas that the panel concludes are most in need of attention by a general research program on global change. As noted in this report, some of those areas are already receiving attention by the USGCRP.

Author : Gordon Bonan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781107043787

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Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling by Gordon Bonan Pdf

Provides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.

Author : Michael B. McElroy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Biogeochemical cycles
ISBN : UCSD:31822026004549

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Global Change by Michael B. McElroy Pdf

Author : Katerina Dontsova,Zsuzsanna Balogh-Brunstad,Gaël Le Roux
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119413301

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Biogeochemical Cycles by Katerina Dontsova,Zsuzsanna Balogh-Brunstad,Gaël Le Roux Pdf

Elements move through Earth's critical zone along interconnected pathways that are strongly influenced by fluctuations in water and energy. The biogeochemical cycling of elements is inextricably linked to changes in climate and ecological disturbances, both natural and man-made. Biogeochemical Cycles: Ecological Drivers and Environmental Impact examines the influences and effects of biogeochemical elemental cycles in different ecosystems in the critical zone. Volume highlights include: Impact of global change on the biogeochemical functioning of diverse ecosystems Biological drivers of soil, rock, and mineral weathering Natural elemental sources for improving sustainability of ecosystems Links between natural ecosystems and managed agricultural systems Non-carbon elemental cycles affected by climate change Subsystems particularly vulnerable to global change The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Book Review: http://www.elementsmagazine.org/archives/e16_6/e16_6_dep_bookreview.pdf

Author : William H. Schlesinger
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1991-03-28
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822005682505

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Biogeochemistry by William H. Schlesinger Pdf

Biogeochemistry is the study of the geochemical reactions that occur in the atmosphere, oceans, and crustal minerals of the earth's surface as affected by living organisms. This text for a graduate course or reference for ecologists and environmental scientists examines global changes that have occurred and are occurring in our water, air, and on land, and relates them to the global cycles of water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR