Labour Market Flexibility And Sectoral Productivity
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Labour Market Flexibility and Sectoral Productivity by Jeremy Anderson Pdf
Looks at the relationship between employment flexibility and labour productivity across sectors. Finds positive correlations of part-time work, temporary work and self-employment, with employment flexibility.
Labour Productivity and Flexibility by Edward J. Amadeo,Susan Horton Pdf
This book is about two polemical issues in labour studies, namely, the notions and determinants of labour productivity and flexibility. This book attempts to develop the notion of labour input flexibility or the capacity of workers to adapt to changes in the environment and its relation with labour productivity. The role of institutions, employment practices, capital-labour relations and labour market policies in determining labour flexibility is emphasized. The chapters look at the experiences of industrialized countries (European countries, the USA, Canada and Japan) and three Latin American countries (Brazil, Chile and Mexico).
The Search for Labour Market Flexibility by Robert Boyer Pdf
These essays, by researchers from seven European countries, compare changes in wage and labour relations, employment conditions and social welfare systems in Europe since 1973 as the economic environment has worsened.
Discusses five major topics: the meaning of the term "flexibility", the various forms which it takes in practice, its short-and long-term implications, the diverse forms it may assume in different national contexts, and finally its effectiveness as an instrument of economic and employment policy
This timely volume discusses the extent to which the labor market is becoming more flexible in response to competitive pressures and examines the pivotal roles of collective bargaining in introducing this flexibility.Providing detailed information from 22 country studies, the book covers industrialized and developing nations across Western Europe, North and South America, and Asia. It analyzes the extent of flexibility introduced in these labor markets, as well as the changing role of the state in industrial relations, and the positions of employers and trade unions on labor market flexibility. This comprehensive study reviews the move toward flexibility in four principal areas: contracts of employment, pay, working time, and work organization.While closely examining the means of achieving greater labor market flexibility, this highly topical book addresses the various ways in which flexibility has been introduced, including through legislative action, collective bargaining, individual contracts of employment, and unilateral employer decisions. The findings in this book reveal that collective bargaining is the most effective means of introducing flexibility, as it engages both employers and workers in the process of change.In addition, the volume examines the outcomes of negotiations on flexibility at the central, sectoral, and enterprise levels, paying special attention to the trade-offs that arise, particularly in the areas of job security, working time, and workers' lifestyles.
Author : J. David Brown,John S. Earle Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 43 pages File Size : 41,5 Mb Release : 2006 Category : Creacion de empleos ISBN : 8210379456XXX
The Microeconomics of Creating Productive Jobs by J. David Brown,John S. Earle Pdf
The challenge for labor market policy in the transition economies has been to redress the sharp drops in employment and rises in unemployment in a way that fosters the creation of productive jobs. The authors first document the magnitude and productivity of job and worker reallocation. Then they investigate the effects of privatization, product and labor market liberalization, and obstacles to growth in the new private sector on reallocation and its productivity in Hungary, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine. The authors find that market reform has resulted in a large increase in the pace of job reallocation, particularly that occurring between sectors and through firm turnover. Unlike under central planning, the job reallocation during the transition has contributed significantly to aggregate productivity growth. Privatization has not only stimulated intrasectoral job reallocation, but the reallocation is more productive than that among remaining state firms. The effect of privatization on firm productivity varies considerably across countries and is not always positive. The productivity gains from privatization have generally not come at the expense of workers but are rather associated with increased wages and employment.
The Labour Market and the Service Sector by Klaus Weiermair Pdf
From the back cover: Over the past 15 years, Canada has seen a major restructuring of her economy as a result of spectacular growth in service sector industries. Other important changes include the feminization of the labour force, inceased part-time employment, wider use of technology, deregulation and globalization of trade. This study begins by reviewing competing hypotheses for the pattern of change in the service sector and follows through with an empirical account of these changes and an examination of the forces behind the employment adjustment in this sector. Policy questions arising from these observations are presented for future studies. The author has also developed two case studies to illustrate some common labour adjustment and industrial relations, and how actual companies approached these issues.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Secretariat
Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Secretariat Publisher : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre Page : 154 pages File Size : 46,5 Mb Release : 1986 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : STANFORD:36105040499233
Flexibility in the Labour Market by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Secretariat Pdf
Report on four issues raised by the current debate on labour market flexibility: labour costs, external and internal labour market mobility, and concealed employment. Examines the argument that high labour costs and wage inflexibility have priced workers out of the labour market, concluding that while wages are important in explaining unemployment, other factors are also significant. Discusses external labour market mobility (job mobility, geographic mobility and occupational change) as a means of adjusting to structural change, but finds that the link between mobility trends and labour market efficiency is difficult to ascertain. Looks at enterprise level flexibility, covering numerical and functional flexibility of the work force, and, finally, considers the phenomenon of concealed employment as a perverse form of labour market flexibility.
Labour Productivity, Investment in Human Capital and Youth Employment by Olga Rymkevich Pdf
Unemployment levels are on the rise nearly everywhere, and the rate is particularly high among young people. If this trend is not reversed, the potential long-term economic and social damage is incalculable. For this reason a particular urgency attended an international conference on the subject held in March 2009 at the Marco Biagi Foundation in Modena, Italy, in the course of which specialists in labour law, human resources management, labour economics, sociology, education, and statistics met to present and compare research. This issue of the Bulletin of Comparative Labour Relations includes a selection of the papers presented at that conference. Although the selected essays present findings on specific issues in particular countries, the general applicability at the global level is evident. Assessing measures taken to deal with youth unemployment in thirteen countries (Italy, Spain, Russia, Sweden, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Israel, Nigeria, the United States, China, and Singapore), twenty-five leading authorities describe and analyse such aspects of the problem as the following: vocational education and training; quality of employment as well as quantity; links between educational institutions and local, national and international enterprises; consultation and co-operation between employers' associations and trade unions; job security vs. employment security; funding for postgraduate programmes, internships, and on-the-job vocational training; career development for future managers; safeguards for workers in a framework of flexibility; labour market pressure from unskilled immigrant workers; 'earn-as-you-learn' schemes; work in the informal economy; and the rationale behind the phasing out of passive labour market measures for school leavers such as unemployment benefits.
Canadian Labour Market and Productivity Centre. Task Force on Adjustment and Transition
Author : Canadian Labour Market and Productivity Centre. Task Force on Adjustment and Transition Publisher : Unknown Page : 60 pages File Size : 53,7 Mb Release : 1996 Category : Manpower planning ISBN : CORNELL:31924078733114
A Search for Balance by Canadian Labour Market and Productivity Centre. Task Force on Adjustment and Transition Pdf
Changes in traditional patterns and structures of work, along with traditional notions of employment security, create pressures on both managers and workers to adapt to new forces for change, and to adjust to evolving workplace realities. This report is the outcome of over a year of joint business and labour research and consultation on that challenge to adjust, particularly as it applies to the changing relationship of human resources to economic activity. The primary focus is on the roles, practices, and interactions of public and private employers and labour, as the principal labour market players in adjustment, with special emphasis on the sectoral and workplace levels. In addition, the role of governments in establishing public policy relating to adjustment and/or in facilitating adjustment is considered, along with the practices of governments as employers in providing instructive models of adjustment. Innovative responses to change are illustrated with reference to case studies.
Labor Market Flexibility, Flexicurity and Employment by T. Paas,Raul Eamets Pdf
This book aims to throw light upon the main changes in the Baltic states' labour markets, laying emphasis on the labour market flexibility, flexicurity and employment issues in the context of the EU eastward enlargement. The European labour markets of both old (EU-15) and new (EU-10) member states are facing big challenges in their current development. There are high expectations connected with improvement of competitiveness of European economy and enlargement of Euro area. Flexible labour markets help to maintain the expected quick economic growth and to adjust to possible asymmetric shocks of Euro area development. The particular significance of the labour market flexibility is also outlined by the Optimal Currency Area Theory (Mundell, 1961), which forms the theoretical framework for the EMU. At the same time a significant increase of labour market flexibility may due to possible increased employment and consequently also income insecurity causing weakening cohesion of a society. to rely on the European social model which stresses the importance of high social security, including also employment security. For improvement of economic growth and competitiveness, the new concept called flexicurity has been introduced. Flexicurity as a policy option in general meaning several ways of social protection for a flexible workforce, which may support social cohesion and sustainable economic growth in the long run perspective. This book brings together new research in this exciting field of economical studies.
Indonesia by Edimon Ginting,Christopher Manning,Kiyoshi Taniguchi Pdf
The book focuses on Indonesia's most pressing labor market challenges and associated policy options to achieve higher and more inclusive economic growth. The challenges consist of creating jobs for and the skills in a youthful and increasingly better educated workforce, and raising the productivity of less-educated workers to meet the demands of the digital age. The book deals with a range of interrelated topics---the changing supply and demand for labor in relation to the shift of workers out of agriculture; urbanization and the growth of megacities; raising the quality of schooling for new jobs in the digital economy; and labor market policies to improve both labor standards and productivity.
Flexibility of Labour in Globalizing India by Jeemol Unni,Uma Rani Pdf
Focuses on three questions regarding the Indian experience in face of globalization and liberalization: issues of the informal sector; international re-division of labour; and links between educational skills and economic performance. Appends the questionnaire used in an enterprise survey concerning the transfer of technology and skills.
Designing Labor Market Institutions in Emerging and Developing Economies by Mr.Romain A Duval,Mr.Prakash Loungani Pdf
This paper discusses theoretical aspects and evidences related to designing labor market institutions in emerging market and developing economies. This note reviews the state of theory and evidence on the design of labor market institutions in a developing economy context and then reviews its consistency with actual labor market advice in a selected set of emerging and developing economies. The focus is mainly on three broad sets of institutions that matter for both workers’ protection and labor market efficiency: employment protection, unemployment insurance and social assistance, minimum wages and collective bargaining. Text mining techniques are used to identify IMF recommendations in these areas in Article IV Reports for 30 emerging and frontier economies over 2005–2016. This note has provided a critical review of the literature on the design of labor market institutions in emerging and developing market economies, and benchmarked the advice featured in IMF recommendations for 30 emerging market and frontier economies against the tentative conclusions from the literature.