Land Reforms And Feminization Of Agricultural Labor In Sughd Province Tajikistan
Land Reforms And Feminization Of Agricultural Labor In Sughd Province Tajikistan Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Land Reforms And Feminization Of Agricultural Labor In Sughd Province Tajikistan book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Land Reforms and Feminization of Agricultural Labor in Sughd Province, Tajikistan by Nozilakhon Mukhamedova,Kai Wegerich Pdf
This report analyzes the influence of agrarian transformations on the feminization of agricultural production in rural Tajikistan. It explores women’s multiple labor relations for meeting basic needs of the household. The evidence shows that households have to depend on more types of agricultural work to secure day-to-day as well as long-term livelihood security. Overall, feminization appears in different types and groupings. The implication is that women in agriculture might not be adequately targeted in policies or integrated within intervention programs.
Agricultural Knowledge and Knowledge Systems in Post-Soviet Societies by Anna-Katharina Hornidge,Anastasiya Shtaltovna,Conrad Schetter Pdf
This volume addresses the crucial role of knowledge and innovation in coping with and adapting to socio-economic and political transformation processes in post-Soviet societies. Unique are the bottom up or micro-sociological and ethnographic perspectives offered by the book on the processes of post-Soviet transformations in Central Asia and the Southern Caucasus. Three thematic fields form the structuring frame: cultures of knowledge production and sharing in agriculture; local governance arrangements and knowledge production; and finally, the present situation of agricultural advisory services development.
Advancing gender equality through agricultural and environmental research: Past, present, and future by Pyburn, Rhiannon, ed.,van Eerdewijk, Anouka, ed. Pdf
Over the past decade, interest in gender equality and women’s empowerment has grown rapidly, creating a unique opportunity to institutionalize gender research within agricultural research for development. This book, edited by researchers from the CGIAR Gender Platform, reviews and reflects on the growing body of evidence from gender research. It marks a shift a way from a traditional focus on how gender analysis can contribute to improved productivity, flipping the question to ask, How does agricultural and environmental research and development contribute to gender equality and women’s empowerment? Chapters synthesize the wide range of CGIAR and other research in this area, covering breeding research and seed systems, value chain participation, nutrition-sensitive agriculture, natural resources, climate adaptation and mitigation, the “feminization” of agriculture, women’s role in agricultural research, and emerging gender transformative approaches.
Land and Livelihoods in Neoliberal India by Deepak K. Mishra,Pradeep Nayak Pdf
The book discusses important developments emerging around the land questions in India in the context of India’s neoliberal economic development and its changing political economy. It covers many issues that have been impinging the political economy in land and livelihoods in India since the 1990s, examining the land question from diverse methodological standpoints. Most of the chapters rely on evidence generated through primary surveys in different parts of the country. The book, via its diversity of approaches and methodologies, brings out new and hitherto unexplored and/or less researched issues on the emerging land question in India. The range of issues addressed in the volume encompasses the contemporary developments in the political economy of land, land dispossession, SEZs, agrarian changes, urbanisation and the drive for the commodification of land across India. The authors also examine role of the state in promoting the capitalist transformation in India and continuities and changes emerging in the context of land liberalisation and market-friendly economic reforms.
Author : Asian Development Bank Publisher : Asian Development Bank Page : 214 pages File Size : 44,8 Mb Release : 2016-06-01 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9789292575069
The resurgence of conservative patriarchal values in Tajikistan have led to the rise of early marriages and polygamy, compromising women’s and girls’ opportunities to realize their full potential to live quality lives, and have deterred women from fully participating in and benefitting from development. This country gender assessment report re-examines the gender equality situation in the country, identifies critical gender issues such as gender-based barriers to economic opportunities, social services, and to leadership and decision-making posts. The report also provides sector-specific gender analyses and identifies entry points for mainstreaming gender in agriculture and natural resources, education, energy, entrepreneurship and SME development, and transport.
Food Security and Political Stability in Tajikistan by Raj Kumar Sharma Pdf
There are links between food security and political stability as was evident during the world food crisis of 2007-08. Food riots were witnessed in a number of countries contributing to political instability. There are a number of dimensions to the problem of food insecurity in Tajikistan. This book is an attempt to fill the academic void on Tajikistan, especially pertaining to its food security. This work traces the history of agriculture and food production in Tajikistan from mid-19th century when it came under Russian rule. From its inception, Tajikistan has been facing the ‘geographic handicap’ as it is a mountainous country and only 7 percent of the total land is arable which limits its food production. This book is a detailed study of how Soviet economic geography introduced intensive cotton cultivation in Tajikistan at the expense of food crops. Soviet economic planners felt that a region with hot climate and large water resources should not attempt to grow grains but cotton. In the contemporary context, this book focuses on how the state and international actors have responded to the food insecurity in Tajikistan. Most importantly, the book also analyses the relationship between food security and political stability in Tajikistan.
The Central Asian Economies in the Twenty-First Century by Richard Pomfret Pdf
4.5. The 2007-8 Banking Crisis, Resource Nationalism, and Samruk-Kazyna -- 4.6. Kazakhstan 2050 -- 4.7. Conclusions -- 5. Uzbekistan -- 5.1. The Uzbek Paradox, 1991-96 -- 5.2. The Reintroduction of Exchange Controls, 1996-2003 -- 5.3. Economic Reform and Social Unrest -- 5.4. Responding to Crisis and Facing New Challenges in 2014-16 -- 5.5. The Karimov Era in Retrospect -- 5.6. Prospects for the Mirziyoyev Era -- 6. Turkmenistan -- 6.1. The Turkmenistan Economic Model -- 6.2. External Relations -- 6.3. Economic Performance, 1991-2006 -- 6.4. Natural Gas: Part One -- 6.5. From Turkmenbashi to Berdymuhamedov -- 6.6. Natural Gas: Part Two -- 6.7. Conclusions -- 7. The Kyrgyz Republic -- 7.1. Creating a Market Economy -- 7.2. Economic Development -- 7.3. Kumtor -- 7.4. Transit Center Manas -- 7.5. Retail Trade and Value Chains -- 7.6. Migration and Remittances -- 7.7. Economic and Political Developments in 2010 and After -- 7.8. Conclusions -- 8. Tajikistan
Water Governance: Retheorizing Politics by Nicole J. Wilson,Joanne Nelson,Sameer H. Shah,Leila M. Harris Pdf
This republished Special Issue highlights recent and emergent concepts and approaches to water governance that re-centers the political in relation to water-related decision making, use, and management. To do so at once is to focus on diverse ontologies, meanings and values of water, and related contestations regarding its use, or its importance for livelihoods, identity, or place-making. Building on insights from science and technology studies, feminist, and postcolonial approaches, we engage broadly with the ways that water-related decision making is often depoliticized and evacuated of political content or meaning—and to what effect. Key themes that emerged from the contributions include the politics of water infrastructure and insecurity; participatory politics and multi-scalar governance dynamics; politics related to emergent technologies of water (bottled or packaged water, and water desalination); and Indigenous water governance.
Is ‘Social Cooperation’ for Traditional Irrigation, while ‘Technology’ is for Motor Pump Irrigation? by Mengistu Dessalegn,Douglas J. Merrey Pdf
Based on a case study in Ethiopia, this paper shows that while farmers understand the social nature of community-managed irrigation, they share a narrow understanding of pump irrigation with policymakers as being primarily ‘technical’. They perceive pumps as liberating them from the ‘social’ limitations of traditional communal irrigation. However, the rapid expansion of pump irrigation is leading to increasing competition and conflict over limited water resources. We analyze the wider implications for Africa of this lack of visibility of the social dimension of pump irrigation, and offer suggestions for future policy and applied research to address the problem before it becomes a widespread crisis.
Demonstrating complexity with a roleplaying simulation by Janmaat, J.,Lapp, S.,Wannop, T.,Bharati, Luna,Sugden, Fraser Pdf
Rural people in Nepal and other developing nations are part of complex, social-ecological systems. Efforts to provide assistance to these people must integrate knowledge from a variety of perspectives. This report documents the use of a role-playing game, supported by an agent-based model, to demonstrate the interaction between migration, social capital and the effectiveness of water storage. The importance of these interactions was highlighted by fieldwork conducted at several sites in the Koshi River Basin. The model underlying the game was a stylized representation based on the Indrawati Subbasin northeast of Kathmandu, Nepal. The report highlights that (a) role-playing tournaments can be an effective way to engage technical and policy experts with the complex interactions between the social and physical dimensions of watershed management; and (b) migration and the economic changes which drive these interactions are forces that need to be accepted, and investments in water storage need to be selected depending on how they fit into these trends.
Water for Food in Bangladesh: Outlook to 2030 by Amarasinghe, Upali A,Sharma, Bharat R,Muthuwatta, Lal,Khan, Z. H Pdf
This study assesses the changing consumption patterns of rice in Bangladesh and its implications on water demand by 2030. Rice dominates food and water consumption patterns in the country; it contributed to 72% of the total calorie supply from food, and 81% and 79% of the total cropped and irrigated area, respectively, in 2010. Forecasts using time series models show rice demand for food consumption, which was 172 kg/person/ year in 2008, will have a negligible increase by 2 kg/person by 2030. The demand for rice for feed will double with increasing animal products in the diet, which is only 4% of the calorie intake in 2008. Between 2000 and 2010, the total population and demand for rice have increased by 15% and 22%, and these will increase further by 22% and 25%, respectively, over the next two decades. Forecasts of rice yield, area and production show that the country can meet the increasing demand for rice and can also have substantial production surpluses. However, the rice surpluses will come at a considerable environmental cost, because the demand for groundwater consumptive water use from irrigation alone could exceed the natural recharge in many locations. Bangladesh can mitigate potential water crises by limiting rice production to meet the requirements of self-sufficiency. Increases in water productivity of both Aman (wet season) and Boro (dry season) rice production can help too. A carefully designed deficit irrigation regime for Boro rice can increase transpiration, yield, water productivity and production, and reduce the pressure on scarce groundwater resources. Simultaneously, attention must also be given to exploring the potential of recharging groundwater using the vast amount of monsoon floodwaters to alleviate the stress on groundwater resources.
Integrated Assessment of Groundwater Use for Improving Livelihoods in the Dry Zone of Myanmar by Paul Pavelic,Sonali Senaratna Sellamuttu,Robyn Johnston,Matthew McCartney,Touleelor Sotoukee,Soumya Balasubramanya,Diana Suhardiman,Guillaume Lacombe,Somphasith Douangsavanh,Olivier Joffre,Khin Latt,Aung Kyaw Zan,Kyaw Thein,Aye Myint,Cho Cho,Ye Thaung Htut Pdf
In the Dry Zone of Myanmar, improved access to water is widely acknowledged as being vital for livelihood enhancement and the general well-being of around 10 million people, most of whom depend on agriculture. Thus, expanding the sustainable use of groundwater is of great importance for socioeconomic development. According to this study, opportunities for accessing groundwater are generally good, and development of the resource has steadily increased over the years. However, there still appears to be good prospects for expanding groundwater use for irrigation, with a view to increasing agricultural production. Provision of affordable mechanical technologies for drilling wells and support with credit facilities to purchase small-capacity motorized pumps for irrigation could improve food security and livelihoods, where there is potential to expand groundwater use. Replenishable groundwater resources of the Dry Zone are likely to be less than previously thought. Thus, it is important to find the right balance between increasing development of the resource for enhanced irrigation, while also protecting its existing beneficial use for communities and the environment.
Pavelic, Paul,Brindha, Karthikeyan,Amarnath, Giriraj,Eriyagama, Nishadi,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Gangopadhyay, Prasun K.,Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh,Mishra, Atmaram,Sharma, Bharat R.,Hanjra, Munir A.,Reddy, R. V.,Mishra, V. K.,Verma, C. L.,Kant, L.
Author : Pavelic, Paul,Brindha, Karthikeyan,Amarnath, Giriraj,Eriyagama, Nishadi,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Gangopadhyay, Prasun K.,Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh,Mishra, Atmaram,Sharma, Bharat R.,Hanjra, Munir A.,Reddy, R. V.,Mishra, V. K.,Verma, C. L.,Kant, L. Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Page : 38 pages File Size : 55,8 Mb Release : 2015-06-02 Category : Science ISBN : 9789290908319
Controlling floods and droughts through underground storage: from concept to pilot implementation in the Ganges River Basin by Pavelic, Paul,Brindha, Karthikeyan,Amarnath, Giriraj,Eriyagama, Nishadi,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Gangopadhyay, Prasun K.,Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh,Mishra, Atmaram,Sharma, Bharat R.,Hanjra, Munir A.,Reddy, R. V.,Mishra, V. K.,Verma, C. L.,Kant, L. Pdf
The concept of ‘Underground Taming of Floods for Irrigation’ (UTFI) is introduced as an approach for co-managing floods and droughts at the river basin scale. UTFI involves strategic recharge of aquifers upstream during periods of high flow, thereby preventing local and downstream flooding, and simultaneously providing additional groundwater for irrigation during the dry season for livelihood improvement. Three key stages in moving UTFI from the concept stage to mainstream implementation are discussed. An analysis of prospects in the Ganges River Basin are revealed from the earliest stage of mapping of suitability at the watershed level through to the latest stages of identifying and setting up the first pilot trial in the Upper Ganges, where a comprehensive evaluation is under way. If UTFI can be verified then there is enormous potential to apply it to address climate change adaptation/mitigation and disaster risk reduction challenges globally.
