Water For Food In Bangladesh Outlook To 2030

Author : Amarasinghe, Upali A,Sharma, Bharat R,Muthuwatta, Lal,Khan, Z. H
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290907947

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Water for Food in Bangladesh: Outlook to 2030 by Amarasinghe, Upali A,Sharma, Bharat R,Muthuwatta, Lal,Khan, Z. H Pdf

This study assesses the changing consumption patterns of rice in Bangladesh and its implications on water demand by 2030. Rice dominates food and water consumption patterns in the country; it contributed to 72% of the total calorie supply from food, and 81% and 79% of the total cropped and irrigated area, respectively, in 2010. Forecasts using time series models show rice demand for food consumption, which was 172 kg/person/ year in 2008, will have a negligible increase by 2 kg/person by 2030. The demand for rice for feed will double with increasing animal products in the diet, which is only 4% of the calorie intake in 2008. Between 2000 and 2010, the total population and demand for rice have increased by 15% and 22%, and these will increase further by 22% and 25%, respectively, over the next two decades. Forecasts of rice yield, area and production show that the country can meet the increasing demand for rice and can also have substantial production surpluses. However, the rice surpluses will come at a considerable environmental cost, because the demand for groundwater consumptive water use from irrigation alone could exceed the natural recharge in many locations. Bangladesh can mitigate potential water crises by limiting rice production to meet the requirements of self-sufficiency. Increases in water productivity of both Aman (wet season) and Boro (dry season) rice production can help too. A carefully designed deficit irrigation regime for Boro rice can increase transpiration, yield, water productivity and production, and reduce the pressure on scarce groundwater resources. Simultaneously, attention must also be given to exploring the potential of recharging groundwater using the vast amount of monsoon floodwaters to alleviate the stress on groundwater resources.

Author : Mohammad Hossein Davood Abadi Farahani,Vahid Vatanpour,Amir Taheri
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781789847383

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Desalination by Mohammad Hossein Davood Abadi Farahani,Vahid Vatanpour,Amir Taheri Pdf

Undoubtedly, drinking water of an acceptable quality has become a scarce commodity. Water shortage is becoming a major concern all around the world due to limited freshwater resources as well as the high cost of freshwater transportation from freshwater-rich areas to arid areas. As a result, solutions such as water recycling and desalination of saline or brackish water are being introduced and emerging worldwide as alternative ways of supplying water. Desalination of seawater is known to be one of mankind’s earliest forms of water treatment, and it has become one of the most sustainable alternative solutions to provide freshwater for many communities and industrial sectors. This book aims to cover the challenges and opportunities in desalination processes.

Author : Anik Bhaduri,Claudia Ringler,Ines Dombrowsky,Rabi Mohtar,Waltina Scheumann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781315408804

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Sustainability in the Water Energy Food Nexus by Anik Bhaduri,Claudia Ringler,Ines Dombrowsky,Rabi Mohtar,Waltina Scheumann Pdf

It is beyond doubt that the interconnectedness between food, energy, water security and environmental sustainability exists and is getting amplified with increased globalization. It has been recognized that efforts to address only one part of a systemic problem by neglecting other inherently interlinked aspects may not lead to desirable and sustainable outcomes. In this perspective, policy- and decision- making requires a nexus approach that reduces trade-offs and builds synergies across sectors, and helps to reduce costs and increase benefits for humans and nature compared to independent approaches to the management of water, energy, food and the environment. In the past, work related to the Nexus has looked at the interactions between water and food or water and energy, but there has been a reluctance to bring forward a broader systematic perspective that captures the multiple sectors and resource dependencies while understanding its cost to the environment if we neglect these linkages. This book is a compilation of thirteen papers published previously as a special issue of Water International, contains significant pieces of work on the W-E-F nexus focusing on relevant tools, solutions and governance at local and broader human scales.

Author : Amarasinghe, Upali A.,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Surinaidu, Lagudu,Natarajan, R.,Chinnasamy, Pennan,Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy,Prathapar, Sanmugam A.,Jain, S. K.,Ghosh, N. C.,Singh, S.,Sharma, A.,Kumar, S.,Goel, M. K.
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290908425

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Reviving the Ganges water machine: potential and challenges to meet increasing water demand in the Ganges River Basin by Amarasinghe, Upali A.,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Surinaidu, Lagudu,Natarajan, R.,Chinnasamy, Pennan,Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy,Prathapar, Sanmugam A.,Jain, S. K.,Ghosh, N. C.,Singh, S.,Sharma, A.,Kumar, S.,Goel, M. K. Pdf

Although the Ganges River Basin (GRB) has abundant water resources, the seasonal monsoon causes a mismatch in water supply and demand, which creates severe water-related challenges for the people living in the basin, the rapidly growing economy and the environment. Addressing these increasing challenges will depend on how people manage the basin’s groundwater resources, on which the reliance will increase further due to limited prospects for additional surface storage development. This report assesses the potential of the Ganges Water Machine (GWM), a concept proposed 40 years ago, to meet the increasing water demand through groundwater, and mitigate the impacts of floods and droughts. The GWM provides additional subsurface storage (SSS) through the accelerated use of groundwater prior to the onset of the monsoon season, and subsequent recharging of this SSS through monsoon surface runoff. It was identified that there is potential to enhance SSS through managed aquifer recharge during the monsoon season, and to use solar energy for groundwater pumping, which is financially more viable than using diesel as practiced in many areas at present. The report further explores the limitations associated with water quality issues for pumping and recharge in the GRB, and discusses other related challenges, including availability of land for recharge structures and people’s willingness to increase the cropping intensity beyond the present level.

Author : Madhur Gautam,Rashid Faruqee
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781464808838

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Dynamics of Rural Growth in Bangladesh by Madhur Gautam,Rashid Faruqee Pdf

The rural economy in Bangladesh has powerfully advanced economic growth and substantially reduced poverty, especially since 2000, but the remarkable transformation and unprecedented dynamism in rural Bangladesh remain an underexplored, underappreciated, and largely untold story. Dynamics of Rural Growth in Bangladesh: Sustaining Poverty Reduction tells that story and inquires what specific actions Bangladesh might take—given the residual poverty and persistent malnutrition—to accelerate and channel its rural dynamism to sustain the gains in eliminating poverty, achieving shared prosperity, and advancing national aspirations to achieve middle-income status. The central element of this study, undertaken with the Government of Bangladesh Planning Commission to address key questions elicited through extensive consultation, is an empirical analysis that illuminates the underlying dynamics of rural growth, particularly the role of agriculture and its relationship to the nonfarm economy. Using all sources of data available for the macro-, meso-, and microhousehold levels, the analysis provides new evidence on changes in the rural economy and the principal drivers of rural incomes. It also examines market performance for high-value agricultural products and agriculture†“nutrition linkages, based on new surveys and analysis. The resulting evidence, examined in light of the rich knowledge of rural development in Bangladesh, is used to delineate the implications for policy and the strategic priorities for sustaining future rural development, poverty reduction, food security, and nutrition. The effects of policy reforms, changes in technology, and investments in infrastructure and human capital described here, along with the persistent enterprise of rural Bangladeshi households, offer a compelling case study of how mutually reinforcing actions can trigger the highly-sought-after virtuous cycle of rural development. The findings clearly demonstrate the pro-poor nature of agricultural growth and its catalytic role in stimulating the rural nonfarm economy. They show that households have no linear or predictable pathway out of poverty; instead, they wisely employ a combination of farm and nonfarm income strategies to climb out of, and then stay out of, poverty. The results represent a strong contribution to the global thinking on rural transformation and on how agriculture in particular sustains the economic momentum that fosters poverty reduction and more widespread prosperity.

Author : H.S. Sen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 654 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030006808

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The Sundarbans: A Disaster-Prone Eco-Region by H.S. Sen Pdf

This book explores the Sundarbans eco-region from a trans-boundary perspective, examining the cross-country interaction that helps planners to develop more efficient coastal zone planning for the delta. The dynamic ecosystem of the Sundarbans is considered the largest coastal delta in the world. It is located in the Bay of Bengal and spans across Bangladesh and West Bengal (India). Featuring chapters by experts from a range of fields, it addresses (i) risk factor analyses, and the geohydrological, climatic, natural, socio-economic, and anthropological factors related to the Sundarbans; (ii) strategies for sustainability in natural resource management in trans-boundary Sundarbans, cutting across political boundaries; (iii) improved agriculture, fisheries, and forestry practices and their impacts on the socio-economy for livelihood security; and (iv) a future road map for improvements. This book will be of value to those working in academia, as well as to experts and professionals in coastal zone planning and management.

Author : Wafa Ghazouani,François Molle,Atef Swelam,Edwin Rap,Ahmad Abdo
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789290908104

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Understanding Farmers’ Adaptation to Water Scarcity by Wafa Ghazouani,François Molle,Atef Swelam,Edwin Rap,Ahmad Abdo Pdf

This study was undertaken to analyze farmers’ adaption to water scarcity in the command area of a secondary canal in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The results revealed that farmers’ responses were driven by a multiplicity of factors, beyond water scarcity or profit maximization. These additional factors include food security of the family, risk management, social capital and history of farmers, and most unexpectedly the collective dimension of crop choice. The findings of this study expose the limitations of projects, modeling exercises or policy recommendations that are too often based on the oversimplified view of profit maximization as the basis of farming system dynamics.

Author : Janmaat, J.,Lapp, S.,Wannop, T.,Bharati, Luna,Sugden, Fraser
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-04
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789290908197

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Demonstrating complexity with a roleplaying simulation by Janmaat, J.,Lapp, S.,Wannop, T.,Bharati, Luna,Sugden, Fraser Pdf

Rural people in Nepal and other developing nations are part of complex, social-ecological systems. Efforts to provide assistance to these people must integrate knowledge from a variety of perspectives. This report documents the use of a role-playing game, supported by an agent-based model, to demonstrate the interaction between migration, social capital and the effectiveness of water storage. The importance of these interactions was highlighted by fieldwork conducted at several sites in the Koshi River Basin. The model underlying the game was a stylized representation based on the Indrawati Subbasin northeast of Kathmandu, Nepal. The report highlights that (a) role-playing tournaments can be an effective way to engage technical and policy experts with the complex interactions between the social and physical dimensions of watershed management; and (b) migration and the economic changes which drive these interactions are forces that need to be accepted, and investments in water storage need to be selected depending on how they fit into these trends.

Author : Mengistu Dessalegn,Douglas J. Merrey
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-02-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290908111

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Is ‘Social Cooperation’ for Traditional Irrigation, while ‘Technology’ is for Motor Pump Irrigation? by Mengistu Dessalegn,Douglas J. Merrey Pdf

Based on a case study in Ethiopia, this paper shows that while farmers understand the social nature of community-managed irrigation, they share a narrow understanding of pump irrigation with policymakers as being primarily ‘technical’. They perceive pumps as liberating them from the ‘social’ limitations of traditional communal irrigation. However, the rapid expansion of pump irrigation is leading to increasing competition and conflict over limited water resources. We analyze the wider implications for Africa of this lack of visibility of the social dimension of pump irrigation, and offer suggestions for future policy and applied research to address the problem before it becomes a widespread crisis.

Author : Pavelic, Paul,Brindha, Karthikeyan,Amarnath, Giriraj,Eriyagama, Nishadi,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Gangopadhyay, Prasun K.,Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh,Mishra, Atmaram,Sharma, Bharat R.,Hanjra, Munir A.,Reddy, R. V.,Mishra, V. K.,Verma, C. L.,Kant, L.
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789290908319

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Controlling floods and droughts through underground storage: from concept to pilot implementation in the Ganges River Basin by Pavelic, Paul,Brindha, Karthikeyan,Amarnath, Giriraj,Eriyagama, Nishadi,Muthuwatta, Lal,Smakhtin, Vladimir,Gangopadhyay, Prasun K.,Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh,Mishra, Atmaram,Sharma, Bharat R.,Hanjra, Munir A.,Reddy, R. V.,Mishra, V. K.,Verma, C. L.,Kant, L. Pdf

The concept of ‘Underground Taming of Floods for Irrigation’ (UTFI) is introduced as an approach for co-managing floods and droughts at the river basin scale. UTFI involves strategic recharge of aquifers upstream during periods of high flow, thereby preventing local and downstream flooding, and simultaneously providing additional groundwater for irrigation during the dry season for livelihood improvement. Three key stages in moving UTFI from the concept stage to mainstream implementation are discussed. An analysis of prospects in the Ganges River Basin are revealed from the earliest stage of mapping of suitability at the watershed level through to the latest stages of identifying and setting up the first pilot trial in the Upper Ganges, where a comprehensive evaluation is under way. If UTFI can be verified then there is enormous potential to apply it to address climate change adaptation/mitigation and disaster risk reduction challenges globally.

Author : Fraser Sugden
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789290908142

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Landlordism, Tenants and the Groundwater Sector by Fraser Sugden Pdf

Author : Paul Pavelic,Sonali Senaratna Sellamuttu,Robyn Johnston,Matthew McCartney,Touleelor Sotoukee,Soumya Balasubramanya,Diana Suhardiman,Guillaume Lacombe,Somphasith Douangsavanh,Olivier Joffre,Khin Latt,Aung Kyaw Zan,Kyaw Thein,Aye Myint,Cho Cho,Ye Thaung Htut
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789290908234

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Integrated Assessment of Groundwater Use for Improving Livelihoods in the Dry Zone of Myanmar by Paul Pavelic,Sonali Senaratna Sellamuttu,Robyn Johnston,Matthew McCartney,Touleelor Sotoukee,Soumya Balasubramanya,Diana Suhardiman,Guillaume Lacombe,Somphasith Douangsavanh,Olivier Joffre,Khin Latt,Aung Kyaw Zan,Kyaw Thein,Aye Myint,Cho Cho,Ye Thaung Htut Pdf

In the Dry Zone of Myanmar, improved access to water is widely acknowledged as being vital for livelihood enhancement and the general well-being of around 10 million people, most of whom depend on agriculture. Thus, expanding the sustainable use of groundwater is of great importance for socioeconomic development. According to this study, opportunities for accessing groundwater are generally good, and development of the resource has steadily increased over the years. However, there still appears to be good prospects for expanding groundwater use for irrigation, with a view to increasing agricultural production. Provision of affordable mechanical technologies for drilling wells and support with credit facilities to purchase small-capacity motorized pumps for irrigation could improve food security and livelihoods, where there is potential to expand groundwater use. Replenishable groundwater resources of the Dry Zone are likely to be less than previously thought. Thus, it is important to find the right balance between increasing development of the resource for enhanced irrigation, while also protecting its existing beneficial use for communities and the environment.

Author : Luna Bharati,Bharat R. Sharma,Vladimir Smakhtin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08-25
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781317479475

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The Ganges River Basin by Luna Bharati,Bharat R. Sharma,Vladimir Smakhtin Pdf

The Ganges is one of the most complex yet fascinating river systems in the world. The basin is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity from climatic, hydrological, geomorphological, cultural, environmental and socio-economic perspectives. More than 500 million people are directly or indirectly dependent upon the Ganges River Basin, which spans China, Nepal, India and Bangladesh. While there are many books covering one aspect of the Ganges, ranging from hydrology to cultural significance, this book is unique in presenting a comprehensive inter-disciplinary overview of the key issues and challenges facing the region. Contributors from the three main riparian nations assess the status and trends of water resources, including the Himalayas, groundwater, pollution, floods, drought and climate change. They describe livelihood systems in the basin, and the social, economic, geopolitical and institutional constraints, including transboundary disputes, to achieving productive, sustainable and equitable water access. Management of the main water-use sectors and their inter-linkages are reviewed, as well as the sustainability and trade-offs in conservation of natural systems and resource development such as for hydropower or agriculture.

Author : Lacombe, Guillaume,McCartney, Matthew
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-04
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789290908333

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Evaluating the flow regulating effects of ecosystems in the Mekong and Volta river basins by Lacombe, Guillaume,McCartney, Matthew Pdf

By altering evapotranspiration and influencing how water is routed and stored in a basin, natural and agrarian ecosystems affect river flow. To quantify the impact of ecosystems on streamflow in two large river basins in Asia and Africa, simple statistical relationships were calculated, enabling flow characteristics to be ascertained from basic catchment features. This approach allows the impact of specified land-use change on streamflow to be determined. For example, it shows that extending paddy areas in the Mekong River Basin reduces downstream low flows, while conversion of forests to crops increases the magnitude of downstream floods in the Volta River Basin. The approach could assist river basin planners to better account for flow-related ecosystem services.

Author : M. Dinesh Kumar,M. V. K. Sivamohan,Nitin Bassi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780415624077

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Water Management, Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture in Developing Economies by M. Dinesh Kumar,M. V. K. Sivamohan,Nitin Bassi Pdf

India is a fast developing economy whose natural resource base, comprising land and water supporting agricultural production, are not only under enormous stress, but also complex and not amenable to a uniform strategy. This book addresses strategies for food security and sustainable agriculture in India, including lessons to be learned in other developing economies across the world.