Language Policy In Ethiopia

Author : Mekonnen Alemu Gebre Yohannes
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-22
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783030639044

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Language Policy in Ethiopia by Mekonnen Alemu Gebre Yohannes Pdf

This book examines the interplay and tensions between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic language policy and processes in Tigray, a regional state of Ethiopia, in the period of pre- and post-1991. Viewing language use and language policy as dynamic social and ideological processes, the book presents Ethiopia as an example of language policy creation and implementation over time, in a highly volatile political context. The case of Ethiopia is unique in that different language policies and practices were put in place as the country’s leaders changed through political takeovers. Declared language policies were not always implemented, and those implemented were often protested. The book starts with an overview and review of language policy and planning, followed by a chapter on the history of such planning in Ethiopia. It then presents the methodology used for the study, and examines the appropriation of hegemonic LPP, patterns of resistance, schools and public sites as centers of resistance, and the emergence and development of specific patterns of language use in different regions of the country. The book ends with recommendations for future research, and draws the overall conclusion that since LPP is a dynamic and multilayered contextual process, official or de facto language policy is often undermined by overt or covert unofficial language policies, ideologies, mechanisms, and agents that result in different patterns of language use.

Author : Christine McNab
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Amharic language
ISBN : STANFORD:36105003589145

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Language Policy and Language Practice by Christine McNab Pdf

Author : Moges Yigezu
Publisher : African Books Collective
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789994455478

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Language Ideologies and Challenges of Multilingual Education in Ethiopia by Moges Yigezu Pdf

During the last decade and a half, The use of local languages for official purposes, particularly in primary education, has become a pronounced characteristic of Ethiopian education system. The fact that as many as 22 languages have been introduced into the school system since mid 1990s represents a major ideological shift from the previous policies the country had adopted over the course of several centuries. The Ethiopian educational language policy is radical in its scope and unique in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere, and it invites a close examination of its ideological foundation and, even more so, its implementation model. The primary objective of this study was to make a critical appraisal of the implementation of vernacular education in the Harari region and examine the challenges of providing primary education in several Ethiopian and international languages, i.e. English, Amharic, Oromo, Arabic and Harari. The study made a comparative assessment of the use of languages as media of instruction for primary education, and concluded with an appraisal of the relative strengths and weaknesses in the use of each language, from both pedagogical and social perspectives.

Author : Yirgalem Alemu
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783346038265

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Language Policy of Education and National Identity in Ethiopia by Yirgalem Alemu Pdf

Academic Paper from the year 2019 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, , language: English, abstract: This work has attempted to give an overview of how the language policy of the different regimes in Ethiopia has contributed to the sense of national identity. Although language is not the only factor that consolidates or weakens national identity, it plays a significant role. It is with this mine that the book is written. Different language-related policies and documents of the imperial, military and EPRDF regimes were closely investigated. Sections and statements in the policy pertaining to language use were considered as units of analysis. Furthermore, empirical and theoretical literature written in areas of language policy and national identity were consulted. The autoher also included his personal experiences as a university instructor and informal meetings held with people in different walks of life. The evidence obtained from the sources mentioned above reflects that the language policy used in Ethiopia is highly polarized: ranging from one language to all to no language to all. That is, the regimes before EPRDF dictate one language to be used as a tool of communication to all Ethiopians. On the other hand, the EPRDF regime emphasized local language and culture without (practically) giving any room for national communication. Both approaches contribute little to national identity formation. This book recommends that Ethiopians need to learn from other multilingual countries about language planning. Ethnocentric thinking that assumes one’s own language as superior to the other’s language should be avoided. Politicians also need to abstain from politicizing language (identity) and using it as a means of mobilizing support. This book recommends that bilingual/ multilingual education contributes a lot to Ethiopian national identity formation.

Author : Catherine Griefenow-Mewis
Publisher : Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Education and state
ISBN : 3447058846

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On Results of the Reform in Ethiopia's Language and Education Policies by Catherine Griefenow-Mewis Pdf

This publication reflects the results of the Ethiopian education reform as well as the exceptional efforts that multiethnic Ethiopia undertakes in order to cope with the challenges arising from the population explosion. More than 55 per cent of the 77 million Ethiopians are under the age of 18 years. The great social and political changes started in Ethiopia at the beginning of the 1990s have resulted in the substitution of the educational system based on Amharic and English by one which uses a multilingual approach. According to the Ministry of Education 22 out of the 84 languages spoken in Ethiopia are now used as media of instruction in primary schools. The book presents the lectures delivered at the workshop "On the Results of the Reform in Ethiopia's Language and Education Policy" held at Addis Ababa University in April 2006 by Ethiopian education experts and a German research team. Their contribution has facilitated a subsumption into the historical context and has given insight into the analyses of the use of 8 Ethiopian languages in primary schools in different regions of the country.

Author : Mekonnen Alemu Gebre Yohannes
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3030639053

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Language Policy in Ethiopia by Mekonnen Alemu Gebre Yohannes Pdf

This book examines the interplay and tensions between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic language policy and processes in Tigray, a regional state of Ethiopia, in the period of pre- and post-1991. Viewing language use and language policy as dynamic social and ideological processes, the book presents Ethiopia as an example of language policy creation and implementation over time, in a highly volatile political context. The case of Ethiopia is unique in that different language policies and practices were put in place as the country's leaders changed through political takeovers. Declared language policies were not always implemented, and those implemented were often protested. The book starts with an overview and review of language policy and planning, followed by a chapter on the history of such planning in Ethiopia. It then presents the methodology used for the study, and examines the appropriation of hegemonic LPP, patterns of resistance, schools and public sites as centers of resistance, and the emergence and development of specific patterns of language use in different regions of the country. The book ends with recommendations for future research, and draws the overall conclusion that since LPP is a dynamic and multilayered contextual process, official or de facto language policy is often undermined by overt or covert unofficial language policies, ideologies, mechanisms, and agents that result in different patterns of language use.

Author : Elizabeth C. Zsiga,One Tlale Boyer,Ruth Kramer
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781626161535

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Languages in Africa by Elizabeth C. Zsiga,One Tlale Boyer,Ruth Kramer Pdf

People in many African communities live within a series of concentric circles when it comes to language. In a small group, a speaker uses an often unwritten and endangered mother tongue that is rarely used in school. A national indigenous language—written, widespread, sometimes used in school—surrounds it. An international language like French or English, a vestige of colonialism, carries prestige, is used in higher education, and promises mobility—and yet it will not be well known by its users. The essays in Languages in Africa explore the layers of African multilingualism as they affect language policy and education. Through case studies ranging across the continent, the contributors consider multilingualism in the classroom as well as in domains ranging from music and film to politics and figurative language. The contributors report on the widespread devaluing and even death of indigenous languages. They also investigate how poor teacher training leads to language-related failures in education. At the same time, they demonstrate that education in a mother tongue can work, linguists can use their expertise to provoke changes in language policies, and linguistic creativity thrives in these multilingual communities.

Author : Ronny Meyer,Bedilu Wakjira,Zelealem Leyew
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1425 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2023-05-04
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191044250

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The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages by Ronny Meyer,Bedilu Wakjira,Zelealem Leyew Pdf

This handbook provides a comprehensive account of the languages spoken in Ethiopia, exploring both their structures and features and their function and use in society. The first part of the volume provides background and general information relating to Ethiopian languages, including their demographic distribution and classification, language policy, scripts and writing, and language endangerment. Subsequent parts are dedicated to the four major language families in Ethiopia - Cushitic, Ethiosemitic, Nilo-Saharan, and Omotic - and contain studies of individual languages, with an initial introductory overview chapter in each part. Both major and less-documented languages are included, ranging from Amharic and Oromo to Zay, Gawwada, and Yemsa. The final part explores languages that are outside of those four families, namely Ethiopian Sign Language, Ethiopian English, and Arabic. With its international team of senior researchers and junior scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages will appeal to anyone interested in the languages of the region and in African linguistics more broadly.

Author : Jo Arthur Shoba,Feliciano Chimbutane
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781135068868

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Bilingual Education and Language Policy in the Global South by Jo Arthur Shoba,Feliciano Chimbutane Pdf

This volume considers a range of ways in which bilingual programs can make a contribution to aspects of human and economic development in the global South. The authors examine the consequences of different policies, programs, and pedagogies for learners and local communities through recent ethnographic research on these topics. The revitalization of minority languages and local cultural practices, management of linguistic and cultural diversity, and promotion of equal opportunities (both social and economic) are all explored in this light.

Author : Colin Baker,Sylvia Prys Jones
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 776 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1853593621

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Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education by Colin Baker,Sylvia Prys Jones Pdf

This encyclopedia is divided into three sections: individual bilingualism; bilingualism in society and bilingual education. It includes many pictures, graphs, maps and diagrams. The book concludes with a comprehensive bibliography on bilingualism.

Author : Wasihun S. Gutema
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 21 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-01-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783668389922

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Assimilative language policy in Ethiopia and ethnic tensions. The case of the Oromo language and ethnic identity by Wasihun S. Gutema Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: A-, University of Baltimore, language: English, abstract: The study detailed in this paper digs into the assimilative language policy of Ethiopia and how this language policy is fueling ethnic tensions. The paper elaborates specifically on the Oromo language, hereafter Afaan Oromo, and how the speakers of the language are marginalized so as to be included into the Ethiopian identity, an identity believed to be of civilization, through assimilative language policy. This assimilation countered pluralism or diversity in a brutal way in order to homogenize the diverse Ethiopian population - particularly the largest Ethnic group, the Oromo - into the Ethiopian identity or Ethiopianism. As the Ethiopian identity, an identity emanating from and of the ruling class, the Amhara population and the Amharic language, it was a solid state-building instrument with the power of creating belonging and loyalty to the state. Although this policy of assimilation was seemingly countered by the communist regime soon after the communists came to power in 1974, in essence the communist policy did not deter from the predecessor’s language policy of centralization. The centralization process through the Ethiopian identity-making via language suppression and depriving one of one’s identity seemed to come to an end, once again, in 1991 with the fall of the communist regime and the end of singularity, which is the idea of one nation with one language. Although pluralism is growing, still ethnic tensions are high and accompanied by vast grievances about the past and about how the current regime handles ethnic tensions, language issues especially. The example of Afaan Oromo, a predominately spoken language in Ethiopia, is pertinent, as speakers of the language are deprived of job placement in the federal government and systemic means of marginalizing the language are used.

Author : Daniel Vujcich
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Native language and education
ISBN : 1909403210

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Policy and Practice on Language of Instruction in Ethiopian School by Daniel Vujcich Pdf

Author : Bernard Spolsky
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 754 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1108454119

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The Cambridge Handbook of Language Policy by Bernard Spolsky Pdf

Over the last 50 years, language policy has developed into a major discipline, drawing on research and practice in many nations and at many levels. This is the first Handbook to deal with language policy as a whole and is a complete 'state-of-the-field' survey, covering language practices, beliefs about language varieties, and methods and agencies for language management. It provides a historical background which traces the development of classical language planning, describes activities associated with indigenous and endangered languages, and contains chapters on imperialism, colonialism, effects of migration and globalization, and educational policy. It also evaluates language management agencies, analyzes language activism and looks at language cultivation (including reform of writing systems, orthography and modernized terminology). The definitive guide to the subject, it will be welcomed by students, researchers and language professionals in linguistics, education and politics.

Author : Kassahun Weldemariam,Margareth Sandvik,Moges Yigezu
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2023-10-30
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000985931

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Early Childhood Language Education and Literacy Practices in Ethiopia by Kassahun Weldemariam,Margareth Sandvik,Moges Yigezu Pdf

This edited volume explores how indigenous knowledges and practices can be instrumental in improving literacy outcomes and teacher development practices in Ethiopia, aiding children’s long-term reading, and learning outcomes. The chapters present research from a collaborative project between Ethiopia and Norway and demonstrate how students can be supported to think pragmatically, learn critically and be in possession of the citizenship skills necessary to thrive in a multilingual world. The authors celebrate multilingualism and bring indigenous traditions such as oracy, storytelling, folktales to the fore revealing their positive impact on educational attainment. Addressing issues of language diversity and systematic ignorance of indigenous literacy practices, the book plays a necessary role in introducing Ethiopia’s cultural heritage to the West and, hence, bridges the cultural gaps between the global north and global south. Arguably contributing one of the first publications on early literacy in Ethiopian languages, this book will appeal to scholars, researchers and postgraduate students studying the fields of early years literacy and language, indigenous knowledge and applied linguistics more broadly.

Author : Fiona E. Leach,Angela Little
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Education
ISBN : 0815327838

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Education, Cultures, and Economics by Fiona E. Leach,Angela Little Pdf

This edited volume reviews the conflict between economic prescriptions for improved education in the developing world and local cultures. Among the issues reviewed are: conceptions of culture and economics in development and education literature, economic considerations of school systems to promote cultural goals, the differentiation of schools from other sites of cultural reproduction, learning experiences of various cultural groups, and the cross-cultural work of development agencies.